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Article

Effects of Different Reclamation Years and Modes on Soil Moisture Transport Pathways and Permeability Characteristics in an Open-Pit Mining Area in Guangxi

1
Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Controland Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
2
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
3
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
4
Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2024, 16(9), 1307; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16091307
Submission received: 30 March 2024 / Revised: 30 April 2024 / Accepted: 2 May 2024 / Published: 4 May 2024

Abstract

The microstructural characteristics of reclaimed soil in Guangxi’s bauxite mining area play a pivotal role in determining soil reclamation quality, yet they remain poorly understood. To explore the impact of varying reclamation years and modes on pore structure characteristics in this region, we selected four reclamation regions: grassland reclamation with 2 years (RG2a), grassland reclamation with 10 years (RG10a), bare ground reclamation with 2 years (RW2a) and bare ground reclamation with 10 years (RW10a). Utilizing X-ray CT technology, we scanned soil columns within a 30 cm depth to analyze pore distributions using Avizo 2020 software combined with ImageJ 1.53c and its plugins. The findings revealed a significant increase in the number of 2D and 3D macropores by 1.09% and 88.89% in RG10a compared to RG2a, as well as 39.01% and 13.33% in RG10a compared to RW10a, respectively. Furthermore, RG10a was observed to be more effective in enhancing the rounding rate of macropores and mesopores, as well as average branch length and density. Additionally, RG10a demonstrated a greater capacity to increase porosity and connectivity while reducing curvature and specific surface area among the three-dimensional parameters. The 3D reconstruction illustrated that RG modes exhibited a more abundant distribution of macropores compared to RW modes and 10a modes showed a higher presence of macropores than 2a modes, which displayed a tilted laminar pattern. Soil moisture movement simulations conducted through Avizo 2020 under various modes indicated that RG modes presented a more extensive capacity for vertical flow, while 10a modes displayed more abundant flow lines and a higher infiltration rate (K) compared to 2a modes. In conclusion, prolonged reclamation years favoring grassland reclamation modes could enhance water and nutrient transport pathways toward traditional agricultural soil.
Keywords: open-pit mine area; reclamation years; reclamation modes; permeability; 3d reconstruction open-pit mine area; reclamation years; reclamation modes; permeability; 3d reconstruction

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, S.; Gan, L.; Zhang, Y.; Gao, Z.; Luo, Z.; Zhou, H.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, H.; Huang, T. Effects of Different Reclamation Years and Modes on Soil Moisture Transport Pathways and Permeability Characteristics in an Open-Pit Mining Area in Guangxi. Water 2024, 16, 1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16091307

AMA Style

Wang S, Gan L, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Luo Z, Zhou H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Huang T. Effects of Different Reclamation Years and Modes on Soil Moisture Transport Pathways and Permeability Characteristics in an Open-Pit Mining Area in Guangxi. Water. 2024; 16(9):1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16091307

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Song, Lei Gan, Yu Zhang, Zhibo Gao, Zhenhong Luo, Haojie Zhou, Hang Zhang, Hongxia Zhang, and Taiqing Huang. 2024. "Effects of Different Reclamation Years and Modes on Soil Moisture Transport Pathways and Permeability Characteristics in an Open-Pit Mining Area in Guangxi" Water 16, no. 9: 1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16091307

APA Style

Wang, S., Gan, L., Zhang, Y., Gao, Z., Luo, Z., Zhou, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, H., & Huang, T. (2024). Effects of Different Reclamation Years and Modes on Soil Moisture Transport Pathways and Permeability Characteristics in an Open-Pit Mining Area in Guangxi. Water, 16(9), 1307. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16091307

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