SWOT-SOR Analysis of Activated Carbon-Based Technologies and O3/UV Process as Polishing Treatments for Hospital Effluent
Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
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Academic Editor: Ana Rita Lado Ribeiro
Water 2022, 14(2), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020243
Received: 23 December 2021
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Revised: 10 January 2022
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Accepted: 13 January 2022
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Published: 14 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
The management and treatment of hospital wastewater are issues of great concern worldwide. Both in the case of a dedicated treatment or co-treatment with urban wastewater, hospital effluent is generally subjected to pre-treatments followed by a biological step. A polishing treatment is suggested to promote (and guarantee) the removal of micropollutants still present and to reduce the total pollutant load released. Activated carbon-based technologies and advanced oxidation processes have been widely investigated from technical and economic viewpoints and applied in many cases. In this study, the potential exploitation of these technologies for the polishing treatment of hospital effluent is investigated by combining a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis with a Strategic Orientation (SOR) analysis. This approach allows a coherent strategy to be extracted from the SWOT-SOR data, increasing the chances of success of each technology. It emerges that both technologies present relevant and sometimes similar strengths and can present opportunities. At the same time, activated carbon-based technologies are more likely to contain the main identified threats than O3/UV technology. The study also finds that, for both technologies, further research and development could improve their potential applications in the treatment of hospital wastewater.
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Keywords:
hospital effluent polishing; activated carbon; ozonation-UV irradiation; SWOT-SOR analysis
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MDPI and ACS Style
Grillini, V.; Verlicchi, P.; Zanni, G. SWOT-SOR Analysis of Activated Carbon-Based Technologies and O3/UV Process as Polishing Treatments for Hospital Effluent. Water 2022, 14, 243. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020243
AMA Style
Grillini V, Verlicchi P, Zanni G. SWOT-SOR Analysis of Activated Carbon-Based Technologies and O3/UV Process as Polishing Treatments for Hospital Effluent. Water. 2022; 14(2):243. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020243
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrillini, Vittoria, Paola Verlicchi, and Giacomo Zanni. 2022. "SWOT-SOR Analysis of Activated Carbon-Based Technologies and O3/UV Process as Polishing Treatments for Hospital Effluent" Water 14, no. 2: 243. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020243
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