Agronomy, Volume 13, Issue 7

Spring durum wheat occupies over 0.5 M ha in Kazakhstan and represents an important domestic and export commodity. This study aimed to characterize 151 durum wheat cultivars and advanced lines originating from eight breeding programs of the Kazakhsta...

A three-year field experiment was carried out to assess the efficacy of various tillage and residue management practices, as well as weed management approaches, in a rice–wheat–green gram rotation. The treatments included: conventional ti...

This study developed an unattended electric weeder (UEW) to control floor weeds in an orchard greenhouse. The UEW was a motor-driven dolly equipped with a spark exposer. The spark exposer was constructed by applying an alternating voltage (10 kV) to...

Concerns about atmospheric ammonia have been expressed recently by some on the Lower Eastern Shore (LES) of Maryland, which lies between the Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean on the Delmarva peninsula. Agriculture, seafood and tourism are respons...

Duckweed is a plant with high phytoremediation abilities, which is why it is used in the process of cleaning the aquatic environment. The present study aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of pig slurry added to the growth media us...

Wheat is a staple crop in China’s arid and semi-arid regions. Drought and low nitrogen (LN) are two major constraints to wheat growth and production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying wheat response to both drought and LN stress remai...

The hard bottom layer of a paddy field has a great influence on the driving stability and the operation quality and efficiency of intelligent farm machinery. For paddy field machinery, continuous improvements in the accuracy and operation efficiency...

Kenaf is one of the most important natural cannabis plants. Molecular marker-assisted breeding is vital for accelerating the breeding process of kenaf. However, the number of kenaf markers is insufficient for molecular marker-assisted breeding. Using...

Plant N concentration (PNC) has been commonly used to guide farmers in assessing maize (Zea mays L.) N status and making in-season N fertilization decisions. However, PNC varies based on the development stage. Therefore, a relationship between biomas...

Castanea sativa Mill. is a valuable species with historical and economic importance in Europe, particularly in the Mediterranean area. In Italy, chestnut cultivation has been developed for centuries, leading to the recognition of more than 300 variet...

Seed treatment with micronutrients is a crucial strategy for providing early seedling supply during development, and is commonly employed in soybean cultivation. However, responses to micronutrient treatment may vary based on seed vigor levels. There...

Tobacco brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata is a devastating fungal disease endangering plant production. To effectively control brown spot disease, an antagonistic Actinomyces strain, Streptomyces hygroscopicus JY-22, was isolated fr...

Smart agriculture relies on accurate yield maps as a crucial tool for decision-making. Many yield maps, however, suffer from spatial errors that can compromise the quality of their data, while several approaches have been proposed to address some of...

The concentration of selenium (Se) in agricultural products primarily depends on the concentration of Se in soil and the ability of plants to accumulate Se. Selenium deficiency not only leads to decreased body resistance, but also increases the risk...

Light can regulate leaf stomatal development and movement, but the effects of different red-to-blue light mass ratios on leaf stomatal morphology and openness are not fully understood. In this trial, five different red-to-blue light (R:B) ratio treat...

As the global population continues to increase, projected to reach an estimated 9.7 billion people by 2050, there will be a growing demand for food production and agricultural resources. Transition toward Agriculture 4.0 is expected to enhance agricu...

Accurately estimating aboveground dry biomass (ADB) is crucial. The ADB of rice has primarily been estimated using vegetation indices with several discrete bands; nevertheless, these indices cannot take advantage of continuous bands available with hy...

To improve water use efficiency and productivity, particularly in irrigated areas, reliable water accounting methodologies are essential, as they provide information on the status and trends in irrigation water availability/supply and consumption/dem...

Actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) is measured or estimated using different methods, and its accuracy is critical for water management under precision agriculture. The objective of this study was to compare maize ETa estimated by the two-step appro...

Identifying elite stress-tolerant varieties and elucidating the genetic mechanisms mediating stress resistance can help breeders develop and exploit new rice germplasm resources. In this study, we identified five salt-tolerant varieties and five drou...

Water loss through surface runoff is a significant constraint for rainfed agricultural lands across the Mediterranean region. Using straw-mulch cover (SMC) as a runoff mitigator has been successfully utilized to negate the impact of raindrop splashin...

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) [...]

Soil amendments with composted organic materials are recommended to increase soil organic matter (SOM) and promote soil fertility. Growing areas of hedged olive groves in the southern Iberia peninsula generate huge amounts of olive leaves, and their...

The accurate identification of the water layer condition of paddy fields is a prerequisite for precise water management of paddy fields, which is important for the water-saving irrigation of rice. Until now, the study of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)...

Barley is an important feed crop in Iran and is threatened by an increased frequency of drought. Increasing diversity in the form of evolutionary populations (EPs) and mixtures is one strategy to increase the resilience of crops. Four barley EPs, whi...

Ethylene at least partly regulates some aspects during non-climacteric ripening in strawberry. However, the ethylene signaling pathway genes in the strawberry fruit have not been comprehensively and systematically analyzed. In the present study, 15 F...

Maize is a valuable raw material for feed and food production. Healthy seed germination is important for improving the yield and quality of maize. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate maize seed germination remain unclear. In this study, m...

Dendrobium loddigesii has long been used in traditional folk medicine. The purpose of this study was to optimize the culture conditions for its protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) and explore their biological activities. The use of an air-lift bioreactor de...

The continuous input, slow decomposition, and retention of straw can impede tillage and crop growth, and the decomposition process of the straw in soil is affected by its composition and the method of application. Experimental Station of Jilin Agricu...

Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a small Solanaceae shrub with medicinal and edible homology, and widely used as ethnobotanical medicine and nutraceutical food. The wolfberry fruits mainly have red, purple, and yellow phenotypes. Wolfberries are ric...

Excessive nitrogen and insufficient calcium could significantly impact peanut yields. This study investigated the effects of nitrogen and calcium fertilizers on nutrient absorption, utilization, and yield; experiments were conducted using the peanut...

Studying carbon dioxide fluxes in wheat fields is becoming increasingly important. The dry semi-humid area in China is an important wheat production area, but the variations in carbon dioxide fluxes in wheat fields and the mechanisms associated with...

Bacillus thuringiensis is an effective entomopathogen, and its crystal toxin expressed in transgenic crops has been widely used for pest control. However, insect resistance risk is the main threat to the continued successful utility of Bt crops. Seve...

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are not only a unique flavor substance from leaf B. juncea but also a major secondary metabolite produced in response to abiotic stresses. Cold stress is one of the most common abiotic stresses in leaf B. juncea; however, the me...

GATA transcription factor is crucial for plant growth and development, physiological metabolism, and environmental response, which has been reported in many plants. Although the identification of maize GATA genes has been reported previously, the num...

Enzyme activity plays an important role in soil biochemical processes and is a key factor driving nutrient cycling. Although a great number of studies examined the effects of nitrogen (N) enrichment and water (W) addition on soil enzyme activity, mos...

Potassium (K) helps crop plants to resist biotic and abiotic challenges and plays a vital role in biochemical, metabolic, and physiological processes. Due to intense agricultural practices over the past few decades, the soil K reserve has been observ...

The use of bio-stimulants (BSs) has become an important policy in managing many stressed crop plants through the regulation of the balance of phytohormones, osmo-protectors (OPs), antioxidant systems, and gene expression, all of which reflect plant g...

The fruit agribusiness sector is one of the most dynamic in Colombia. Within this sector, avocado and mango are of great importance, both in terms of area planted and volume exported. Increasing the productivity, quality, and postharvest life of thes...

Finite element numerical simulations provide a visual and quantitative approach to studying the interaction between rigid mechanical components and flexible agricultural crops. This method is an important tool for the design of modern agricultural pr...

To improve the applicability of crop models, this study compared two algorithms for optimizing the single objective parameters of the spring wheat in the dryland grain growth sub-model to identify the more efficient algorithm for application in futur...

Field research was conducted in Poland in 2019–2021 to determine the effect of microbial products and living mulches on grain yield and grain yield structure elements as well as the biological index of soil fertility (BIF) in spring barley grow...

Interlayer soil is common in southern Xinjiang, because interlayer can reduce the infiltration rate of soil water. To simulate the interlayer soil in heavy saline–alkali cotton fields, this paper adopted a vertical one-dimensional infiltration...

Effective nutrient management requires understanding nutrient uptake at various growth stages and nutrient removal by the harvested portion. Information on nutrient accumulation was provided by some older literature, and a few researchers have focuse...

The content of plant endogenous hormones could be influenced by fertilization, which play an important regulatory role in plant growth and yield formation. However, the effects of phosphate (P) application rates on the dynamical changes in the exogen...

Vertical agriculture has developed rapidly in recent years, pushing artificial light planting to new heights. Under indoor artificial light, the light supply mode has practical significance in studying the impact of lighting conditions on plants. Thi...

Phased warming in late winter and early spring can increase winter wheat grain yield. However, the effects of different durations of warming during this period on winter wheat grain yield and quality are not yet clear. Therefore, this study conducted...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) pools have the potential to attain sustainable agriculture goals under climate change. External organic and inorganic nutrient inputs considerably affect SOC mineralization and SOC pools. Therefore, a laboratory-based, three...

Lychee downy blight (LDB) is an oomycete pathogen (Peronophythora litchi) disease, which affects the fruits and leaves of lychee, resulting in economic losses. Chemical fungicides are commonly used for disease control, while for eco-safety measures,...

Dirty panicle disease is one of the most important diseases that can cause yield losses in rice production. Despite the severity of the disease, the molecular basis of resistance to the pathogen is poorly understood. Using QTL-seq with an F₂ populati...