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Article

Superconfined Antiferromagnons on the Two-Dimensional Penrose Lattice

Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2026, 16(6), 370; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst16060370
Submission received: 27 April 2026 / Revised: 20 May 2026 / Accepted: 22 May 2026 / Published: 1 June 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Inorganic Crystalline Materials)

Abstract

 We find novel confined states in the spin-S nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the two-dimensional Penrose lattice. Linear spin waves have massively degenerate eigenstates strictly confined to tricoordinated sites. They contrast with the well-known itinerant analogs in the tight-binding model, where electrons are confined but extended to both tricoordinated and pentacoordinated sites. It is the site potentials in the spin-wave Hamiltonian, originating {from} Coulomb interactions between electrons, that confine spin waves to minimally coordinated sites only. Confined states in the tight-binding Hamiltonian consist of six types of building blocks, whereas those in the spin-wave Hamiltonian consist of only four of them. Confined spin waves are robust against $1/S$ corrections. Emergent $O(S^{0})$ interactions further confine superconfine spin waves into two separate groups within tricoordinated sites. 
Keywords: quasicrystal; Penrose tiling; perpendicular space; Heisenberg antiferromagnet; spin-wave theory; confined state quasicrystal; Penrose tiling; perpendicular space; Heisenberg antiferromagnet; spin-wave theory; confined state

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MDPI and ACS Style

Inoue, T.; Yamamoto, S. Superconfined Antiferromagnons on the Two-Dimensional Penrose Lattice. Crystals 2026, 16, 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst16060370

AMA Style

Inoue T, Yamamoto S. Superconfined Antiferromagnons on the Two-Dimensional Penrose Lattice. Crystals. 2026; 16(6):370. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst16060370

Chicago/Turabian Style

Inoue, Takashi, and Shoji Yamamoto. 2026. "Superconfined Antiferromagnons on the Two-Dimensional Penrose Lattice" Crystals 16, no. 6: 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst16060370

APA Style

Inoue, T., & Yamamoto, S. (2026). Superconfined Antiferromagnons on the Two-Dimensional Penrose Lattice. Crystals, 16(6), 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst16060370

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