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Toxins, Volume 6, Issue 4

April 2014 - 21 articles

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Articles (21)

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
7,251 Views
18 Pages

24 April 2014

Neuronal and vascular brain components are interrelated morphologically, physiologically and developmentally. Due to this close interrelationship, it is often difficult to understand the cause and effect relationship between neuronal vs. vascular dys...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,674 Views
19 Pages

22 April 2014

The definition of a synthetic index for classifying the quality of water bodies is a key aspect in integrated planning and management of water resource systems. In previous works [1,2], a water system optimization modeling approach that requires a si...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
7,156 Views
12 Pages

Recombinant Clostridium difficile Toxin Fragments as Carrier Protein for PSII Surface Polysaccharide Preserve Their Neutralizing Activity

  • Maria R. Romano,
  • Rosanna Leuzzi,
  • Emilia Cappelletti,
  • Marta Tontini,
  • Alberto Nilo,
  • Daniela Proietti,
  • Francesco Berti,
  • Paolo Costantino,
  • Roberto Adamo and
  • Maria Scarselli

22 April 2014

Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive bacterium and is the most commonly diagnosed cause of hospital-associated and antimicrobial-associated diarrhea. Despite the emergence of epidemic C. difficile strains having led to an increase in the incidenc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
8,013 Views
22 Pages

Immunogenicity of a West Nile Virus DIII-Cholera Toxin A2/B Chimera after Intranasal Delivery

  • Juliette K. Tinker,
  • Jie Yan,
  • Reece J. Knippel,
  • Panos Panayiotou and
  • Kenneth A. Cornell

22 April 2014

West Nile virus (WNV) causes potentially fatal neuroinvasive disease and persists at endemic levels in many parts of the world. Despite advances in our understanding of WNV pathogenesis, there remains a significant need for a human vaccine. The domai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
7,863 Views
15 Pages

22 April 2014

Martentoxin (MarTX), a 37-residue peptide purified from the venom of East-Asian scorpion (Buthus martensi Karsch), was capable of blocking large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels. Here, we report an effective expression and purification ap...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
10,636 Views
19 Pages

22 April 2014

Deaths by venomous animals are medical emergencies that can lead to death and thus constitute sanitary problems in some regions of the world. In the South of America, the accidents by these animals are a common sanitary problem especially in warm, tr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
17,550 Views
24 Pages

Recent Developments in Antibody-Based Assays for the Detection of Bacterial Toxins

  • Kui Zhu,
  • Richard Dietrich,
  • Andrea Didier,
  • Dominik Doyscher and
  • Erwin Märtlbauer

11 April 2014

Considering the urgent demand for rapid and accurate determination of bacterial toxins and the recent promising developments in nanotechnology and microfluidics, this review summarizes new achievements of the past five years. Firstly, bacterial toxin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,246 Views
13 Pages

11 April 2014

We have previously shown that ribosomal protein L3 is required for pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), a type I ribosome inactivating protein, to bind to ribosomes and depurinate the α-sarcin/ricin loop (SRL) in yeast. Co-expression of the N-terminal 9...

  • Reply
  • Open Access
4,548 Views
2 Pages

11 April 2014

I appreciate the thoughtful comments from Dr. Brock-Utne [1] on my recent review of the disconnect between animal studies and clinical experience with anti-endotoxemia therapies [2].

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