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Viruses, Volume 14, Issue 4

April 2022 - 191 articles

Cover Story: Metazoans often trigger premature cell death in response to infections by larger DNA viruses as part of an immediate response to counter the viral threat. Many viruses, including Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV), have evolved sophisticated countermeasures to extend the life of an infected host cell to support establishment of infection and virus proliferation. We used the technique of X-ray crystallography to show in atomic detail how KSHV utilizes KsBcl-2 to neutralize host cell death inducing Bcl-2 proteins, including Bid and Puma, to ward off premature death of an infected cell. We also show that in addition to Bid and Puma, KsBcl-2 is able to engage with a broad range of other host cell death inducers, thus making it a potent enabler of viral infection and proliferation. View this paper
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Articles (191)

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,074 Views
13 Pages

Evaluation of Molecular Test for the Discrimination of “Naked” DNA from Infectious Parvovirus B19 Particles in Serum and Bone Marrow Samples

  • Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves,
  • Barbara Barbosa Langella,
  • Mariana Magaldi de Souza Lima,
  • Wagner Luís da Costa Nunes Pimentel Coelho,
  • Rita de Cássia Nasser Cubel Garcia,
  • Claudete Aparecida Araújo Cardoso,
  • Renato Sergio Marchevsky,
  • Marcelo Alves Pinto and
  • Luciane Almeida Amado

18 April 2022

Low levels of parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA can be detected in the circulation and in different tissue of immunocompetent individuals for months or years, which has been linked to inflammatory diseases such as cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, hepati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,785 Views
18 Pages

Human Norovirus Induces Aquaporin 1 Production by Activating NF-κB Signaling Pathway

  • Mudan Zhang,
  • Binman Zhang,
  • Rui Chen,
  • Miaomiao Li,
  • Zifeng Zheng,
  • Wanfu Xu,
  • Yifan Zhang,
  • Sitang Gong and
  • Qinxue Hu

18 April 2022

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is one of the major pathogens of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Due to the lack of a robust and reproducible in vitro culture system and an appropriate animal model, the mechanism underlying HuNoV-caused diarrhea remains...

  • Review
  • Open Access
44 Citations
6,766 Views
20 Pages

Lethal Mutagenesis of RNA Viruses and Approved Drugs with Antiviral Mutagenic Activity

  • Ikbel Hadj Hassine,
  • Manel Ben M’hadheb and
  • Luis Menéndez-Arias

18 April 2022

In RNA viruses, a small increase in their mutation rates can be sufficient to exceed their threshold of viability. Lethal mutagenesis is a therapeutic strategy based on the use of mutagens, driving viral populations to extinction. Extinction catastro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,870 Views
9 Pages

Low-Cost and Rapid Method of DNA Extraction from Scaled Fish Blood and Skin Mucus

  • Lang Gui,
  • Xinyu Li,
  • Shentao Lin,
  • Yun Zhao,
  • Peiyao Lin,
  • Bingqi Wang,
  • Rongkang Tang,
  • Jing Guo,
  • Yao Zu and
  • Yan Zhou
  • + 1 author

18 April 2022

PCR-based DNA amplification has been one of the major methods in aquaculture research for decades, although its use outside the modern laboratory environment is limited due to the relatively complex methods and high costs. To this end, we investigate...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,367 Views
19 Pages

18 April 2022

Positive-stranded RNA viruses modify host organelles to form replication organelles (ROs) for their own replication. The enteroviral 3A protein has been demonstrated to be highly associated with the COPI pathway, in which factors operate on the ER-to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,818 Views
21 Pages

17 April 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Though previous studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 cellular tropism depends on the host-cell-expressed protein...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,719 Views
19 Pages

17 April 2022

Plant infecting emaraviruses have segmented negative strand RNA genomes and little is known about their infection cycles due to the lack of molecular tools for reverse genetic studies. Therefore, we innovated a rose rosette virus (RRV) minireplicon c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,399 Views
27 Pages

Two Consecutive Prolines in the Fusion Peptide of Murine β-Coronavirus Spike Protein Predominantly Determine Fusogenicity and May Be Essential but Not Sufficient to Cause Demyelination

  • Abass Alao Safiriyu,
  • Manmeet Singh,
  • Abhinoy Kishore,
  • Vaishali Mulchandani,
  • Dibyajyoti Maity,
  • Amrutamaya Behera,
  • Bidisha Sinha,
  • Debnath Pal and
  • Jayasri Das Sarma

17 April 2022

Combined in silico, in vitro, and in vivo comparative studies between isogenic-recombinant Mouse-Hepatitis-Virus-RSA59 and its proline deletion mutant, revealed a remarkable contribution of centrally located two consecutive prolines (PP) from Spike p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,597 Views
17 Pages

Development and Evaluation of Molecular Pen-Side Assays without Prior RNA Extraction for Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) and Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)

  • David Edge,
  • Mana Mahapatra,
  • Shona Strachan,
  • James Turton,
  • Ryan Waters,
  • Camilla Benfield,
  • Nathan Nazareth,
  • Felix Njeumi,
  • Nelson Nazareth and
  • Satya Parida

17 April 2022

Animal diseases such as peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and foot and mouth disease (FMD) cause significant economic losses in endemic countries and fast, accurate in-field diagnostics would assist with surveillance and outbreak control. The detectio...

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Viruses - ISSN 1999-4915