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Volume 19
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10.3390/en19174012
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Analytical Modeling Study on Electromagnetic Performance of Large Hydro-Generators Under Eccentricity Fault Conditions

by
Youping Li
1,2,
Junqing Wang
1,2,
Bo Ren
1,2,
Jinwen Luo
1,2,
Yifan Pu
3,
Zhenfei Chen
3 and
Yuquan Zhang
3,*
1
China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd., Yichang 443002, China
2
Hubei Technology Innovation Center for Smart Hydropower, Wuhan 430019, China
3
College of Electrical and Power Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2026, 19(17), 4012; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19174012
Submission received: 11 May 2026 / Revised: 6 August 2026 / Accepted: 10 August 2026 / Published: 26 August 2026
Versions Notes

Abstract

This paper proposes an efficient analytical modeling method for the air-gap flux density in hydro-generators under eccentricity faults. The method specifically addresses the multi-factor coupling characteristics induced by the combined effects of stator slotting, salient-pole rotor structure, and eccentricity. Based on geometric analytical derivation, individual models for air-gap length considering stator slotting, rotor salient-pole structure, and eccentricity are established, and an analytical expression for the air-gap length under coupled conditions is derived. By incorporating the spatial distribution characteristics of the magnetomotive force, a mathematical model for no-load air-gap flux density is constructed, enabling the rapid calculation of air-gap magnetic field distribution. Finite element verification conducted on an 84-slot, 10-pole hydro-generator demonstrates that the proposed method accurately reflects the periodic fluctuations and amplitude variations in the magnetic flux density under both normal and eccentric conditions. Compared with the finite element method (FEM), the analytical approach significantly enhances computational efficiency while maintaining high accuracy, providing effective theoretical support for the structural optimization and eccentricity fault diagnosis of hydro-generators.
Keywords: hydro-generator; air-gap flux density; analytical modeling; eccentricity fault hydro-generator; air-gap flux density; analytical modeling; eccentricity fault

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, Y.; Wang, J.; Ren, B.; Luo, J.; Pu, Y.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, Y. Analytical Modeling Study on Electromagnetic Performance of Large Hydro-Generators Under Eccentricity Fault Conditions. Energies 2026, 19, 4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19174012

AMA Style

Li Y, Wang J, Ren B, Luo J, Pu Y, Chen Z, Zhang Y. Analytical Modeling Study on Electromagnetic Performance of Large Hydro-Generators Under Eccentricity Fault Conditions. Energies. 2026; 19(17):4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19174012

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Youping, Junqing Wang, Bo Ren, Jinwen Luo, Yifan Pu, Zhenfei Chen, and Yuquan Zhang. 2026. "Analytical Modeling Study on Electromagnetic Performance of Large Hydro-Generators Under Eccentricity Fault Conditions" Energies 19, no. 17: 4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19174012

APA Style

Li, Y., Wang, J., Ren, B., Luo, J., Pu, Y., Chen, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2026). Analytical Modeling Study on Electromagnetic Performance of Large Hydro-Generators Under Eccentricity Fault Conditions. Energies, 19(17), 4012. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19174012

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