Changes in Sex Difference in Time-Limited Ultra-Cycling Races from 6 Hours to 24 Hours
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Approval
2.2. Data Sampling
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Decreasing Sex Difference with Increasing Race Duration
4.2. Sex Differences Concerning the Age and Biological Requirements of the Participants
4.3. Sex Differences in the Participation
4.4. Performance Improvement
4.5. Limitations, Strengths, Weaknesses, and Practical Applications
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Time-Limited Races | Considered Editions | Number of Years | n (Women) | n (Men) | n (Total) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 h Limited Races | |||||
24 h in the Canyon | 2014–2018 | 5 | 16 | 18 | 34 |
Bessies Creek | 2012–2018 | 7 | 20 | 28 | 48 |
Calvin Challenge | 2008–2018 | 11 | 50 | 213 | 263 |
FatAss | 2014–2019 | 6 | 10 | 33 | 43 |
Maryland Endurance Challenge | 2017–2019 | 3 | 11 | 67 | 78 |
Pace Bend Ultra | 2018 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 11 |
Pace Bend | 2017–2018 | 2 | 11 | 17 | 28 |
Texas Time Trials | 2005–2019 | 15 | 52 | 176 | 228 |
Texas Ultra Spirit | 2017 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
World Time Trial Championship | 2012–2019 | 8 | 53 | 106 | 159 |
12 h Limited Races | |||||
24 h in the Canyon | 2018–2019 | 2 | 8 | 5 | 13 |
Bessies Creek 12 h | 2012–2018 | 7 | 14 | 89 | 103 |
Big Jay’s Fat Ass Race in Illinois | 2014–2019 | 6 | 49 | 153 | 202 |
Bike Sebring 12 h | 2005–2019 | 15 | 140 | 593 | 733 |
Calvin Challenge | 1997–2018 | 22 | 340 | 1638 | 1978 |
Ring of Fire T.T. | 2007–2011 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
Hudson River Ramble 12 | 2004–2018 | 15 | 29 | 152 | 181 |
Lewis and Clark | 2012 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 11 |
Maryland Endurance Challenge | 2019 | 1 | 13 | 52 | 65 |
Mid Atlantic | 2012–2019 | 8 | 18 | 118 | 136 |
Texas Time Trial | 2004–2019 | 16 | 59 | 189 | 248 |
World Time Trial Championship | 2011–2019 | 9 | 43 | 149 | 192 |
XtremeMelfar | 2015–2017 | 3 | 34 | 143 | 177 |
24 h Limited Races | |||||
24 h in the Canyon | 2014–2018 | 5 | 19 | 53 | 72 |
Bessies Creek | 2012–2018 | 7 | 12 | 71 | 83 |
Bike Sebring 24 h | 2006–2019 | 14 | 97 | 582 | 679 |
World Time Trial Championship | 2011–2018 | 8 | 48 | 226 | 274 |
Mid Atlantic | 2012–2019 | 8 | 8 | 103 | 111 |
National 24 h | 1983–2019 | 37 | 1405 | 9759 | 11,164 |
Saratoga Challenge 24 | 1994–2018 | 25 | 16 | 172 | 188 |
Texas Time Trials | 2004–2019 | 26 | 38 | 181 | 219 |
World Championships | 2011–2019 | 9 | 66 | 314 | 380 |
Mersey Roads Club 24 h | 2019 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 8 |
Xtreme Melfar | 2015–2016 | 2 | 17 | 44 | 61 |
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Scholz, H.; Sousa, C.V.; Baumgartner, S.; Rosemann, T.; Knechtle, B. Changes in Sex Difference in Time-Limited Ultra-Cycling Races from 6 Hours to 24 Hours. Medicina 2021, 57, 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090923
Scholz H, Sousa CV, Baumgartner S, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. Changes in Sex Difference in Time-Limited Ultra-Cycling Races from 6 Hours to 24 Hours. Medicina. 2021; 57(9):923. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090923
Chicago/Turabian StyleScholz, Heike, Caio Victor Sousa, Sabrina Baumgartner, Thomas Rosemann, and Beat Knechtle. 2021. "Changes in Sex Difference in Time-Limited Ultra-Cycling Races from 6 Hours to 24 Hours" Medicina 57, no. 9: 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57090923