Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Know No Geopolitical Borders—An Update of NIS in the Aegean Sea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Results
3.1. Trends in NIS Introduction
3.2. Trends in Pathway
3.3. Hot Spot Areas
3.4. Research Effort
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Species | Türkiye | Greece | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
MOL | Acteocina mucronata (Philippi, 1849) | 2017 | Bitlis and Özturk in [34] | |
MOL | Atys ehrenbergi (Issel, 1869) | 2016 | Agamennone and Micali [28] | |
MOL | Baeolidia moebii Bergh, 1888 | 2021 | Kytinou et al. [31] | |
MOL | Biuve fulvipunctata (Baba, 1938) | 2004 | 2020 | TR [78]; GR [79] |
MOL | Cingulina isseli (Tryon, 1886) | 2021 | Ovalis and Zenetos in [21] | |
MOL | Cycloscala hyalina (G.B. Sowerby II, 1844) | 2017–2018 | Manousis [26] | |
MOL | Dikoleps micalii Agamennone, Sbrana, Nardi, Siragusa and Germanà, 2020 | 2016 | Agamennone et al. [18] | |
MOL | Elysia nealae Ostergaard, 1955 | 2019 | Manousis et al. [79] | |
MOL | Elysia tomentosa K. R. Jensen, 1997 | 2002–2004 | Okuş et al. [80] | |
MOL | Finella pupoides A. Adams, 1860 | 2012 | Manousis [26] | |
MOL | Haloa japonica (Pilsbry, 1895) | 2020 | Manousis et al. [79] | |
MOL | Heliacus implexus (Mighels, 1845) | 2019 | Kontadakis et al. [25] | |
MOL | Isognomon bicolor (C. B. Adams, 1845) | 2016 | Angelidis in [81] as M. regula | |
MOL | Juxtacribrilina mutabilis (Ito, Onishi & Dick, 2015) | 2019–2020 | Martaeng et al. [37] | |
MOL | Megastomia lorioli (Hornung & Mermod, 1924) | 2015 | 2010 | TR [82]; GR [26] |
MOL | Melanella orientalis Agamennone, Micali & Siragusa, 2020 | 2016 | Agamennone et al. [19] | |
MOL | Nudiscintilla cf. glabra Lützen & C. Nielsen, 2005 | 2019 | Geirun and Zenetos in [27] | |
MOL | Odostomia sp. | 2020–2021 | Zaminos et al. [83] | |
MOL | Retusa desgenettii (Audouin, 1826) | 2002 | 2014 | TR [84]; GR [85] |
MOL | Rissoina bertholleti Issel, 1869 | 2005 | Koçak and Katağan [86] | |
MOL | Spondylus cf. spinosus Schreibers, 1793 | 2002–2004 | Okuş et al. [80] | |
MOL | Stosicia lineata (Dunker, 1860) | 2023 | Ovalis and Zenetos [41] | |
MOL | Teredothyra dominicensis (Bartsch, 1921) | 2011 | Reuben Shipway et al. [87] | |
MOL | Turbonilla edgarii (Melvill, 1896) | 2020 | Manousis [26] | |
MOL | Turbonilla cangeyrani Ovalis Mifsud, 2017 | 2016 | Ovalis and Mifsud [88] | |
RHO | Colaconema codicola (Børgesen) Stegenga, J.J.Bolton R.J.Anderson | 2019 | Tsioli and Orfanidis in [27] | |
RHO | Womersleyella setacea (Hollenberg) R.E.Norris | 2022 | Taşkin and Minareci in [48] | |
OCHR | Colpomenia peregrina Sauvageau | 2022 | This study (Tübitak Project 121Y215) | |
CHLO | Udotea flabellum (J. Ellis Solander) M. Howe | 2022 | Okudan and Tuney Kizilkaya in [47] | |
POL | Branchiomma bairdi (McIntosh, 1885) | 2015 | 2015 | GR: Ulman et al. [89] |
POL | Branchiosyllis maculata (Imajima, 1966) | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Caulleriella fragilis (Leidy, 1855) | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Dodecaceria sextentaculata (Delle Chiaje, 1822–1826) | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Eurythoe complanata (Pallas, 1766) | 2008 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [91] | |
POL | Hydroides amri Sun, Wong, ten Hove, Hutchings, Williamson Kupriyanova, 2015 | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Hydroides operculata (Treadwell, 1929) | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Metasychis gotoi (Izuka, 1902) | 1996 | 1955 | TR [92]; GR [93] |
POL | Neopseudocapitella brasiliensis Rullier Amoureux, 1979 | 1991 | GR: Simboura and Nicolaidou [94] | |
POL | Notomastus mossambicus (Thomassin, 1970) | 2018 | Katsanevakis et al. [52] | |
POL | Paraprionospio cooraWilson, 1990 | 1999 | 1983 | TR [95]; GR. [96] |
POL | Prionospio japonica Okuda, 1935 | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Syllis crassicirrata (Treadwell, 1925) | 2020–2021 | Chatzigeorgiou et al. [90] | |
POL | Terebella ehrenbergiGrube, 1869 | 1970 | Arvanitidis [97] | |
CRU/AMP | Laticorophium baconi (Shoemaker, 1934) | 2022 | Guerra-García et al. [38] | |
CRU/COP | Calanopia elliptica(Dana, 1849) | 1999 | 2018 | TR: Aker [98]; GR [99] |
CRU/COP | Labidocera pavoGiesbrecht, 1889 | 1999 | Aker [98] | |
CRU/COP | Pseudodiaptomus marinus Sato, 1913 | 2015 | 2016 | TR [44]; GR [33] |
CRU/COP | Parvocalanus crassirostris (Dahl F., 1894) | 2016 | Besiktepe et al. [44] | |
CRU/CIR | Megabalanus tintinnabulum(Linnaeus, 1758) | 1969 | Geldiay and Kocataş [100] | |
CRU/ISO | Paracerceis sculpta (Holmes, 1904) | 2022 | Dağlı et al. [51] | |
CRU/DEC | Gonioinfradens giardi (Nobili, 1905) | 2015 | Katsanevakis et al. [52] | |
CRU/DEC | Homarus americanus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 | 2019 | Kampouris et al. [24] | |
CRU/DEC | Matuta victor (J.C. Fabricius, 1781) | 2022 | Karachle and Martinez in [47] | |
CRU/DEC | Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798) | 2021 | Bilecenoğlu and Çınar [101] | |
CRU/DEC | Penaeus semisulcatusDe Haan, 1844 | 2012 | Soykan et al. [102] | |
CRU/DEC | Pilumnus minutusDe Haan, 1835 | 2010 | Gerovasileiou et al. [103] | |
CRU/DEC | Urocaridella pulchella Yokeş Galil, 2006 | 2020 | Digenis et al. [22] | |
CRU/DEC | Xanthias lamarckii(H. Milne Edwards, 1834) | 2013 | Corsini-Foka et al. [104] | |
ASC | Botryllus gaiae Brunetti, 2020 | 2000 | Brunetti et al. [105] | |
ASC | Clavelina oblonga Herdman, 1880 | 2020 | Alvanou et al. [40] | |
ASC | Didemnum vexillum Kott, 2002 | 2022 | Çinar and Özgül [49] | |
ASC | Microcosmus squamiger Michaelsen, 1927 | 2019 | Montesanto and Mastrototaro in [34] | |
ASC | Polyclinum constellatum Savigny, 1816 | 2019 | Montesanto et al. [32] | |
BRY | Celleporaria brunnea (Hincks, 1884) | 2020 | Georgiadis and Evangelopoulos in [34] | |
CNI | Phyllorhiza punctata von Lendenfeld, 1884 | 2018 | This study: ELNAIS [99] | |
FISH | Cheilodipterus novemstriatus (Rüppell, 1838) | 2023 | 2022 | TR [48]; GR [42] |
FISH | Fistularia petimba Lacepède, 1803 | 2019 | 2020 | TR [45]; GR [11] |
FISH | Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum, 1792) | 2021 | Kampouris and Batjakas in [21] | |
FISH | Pagrus major (Temminck Schlegel, 1843) | 2019 | Kampouris et al. [23] | |
FISH | Oxyurichthys petersii (Klunzinger, 1871) | 2018 | Evangelopoulos et al. [11] | |
FISH | Scarus ghobban Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775 | 2021 | Akyol and Unal in [34] | |
MAM | Sousa plumbea(G. Cuvier, 1829) | 2018 | Frantzis [106] | |
PAR | Marinomyxa marina Kolátková, Cepicka, Hoffman et Vohník | 2015 | 2018 | TR [107]; GR [29] |
Group | Species | GR 2020 | TR 2021 | Comments for the Mediterranean Sea |
---|---|---|---|---|
RHO | Ganonema farinosum (Lamouroux) Fan and Wang | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
RHO | Acanthophora nayadiformis (Delile) Papenfuss | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
RHO | Ceramium bisporum D.L.Ballantine | yes | no | Cryptogenic |
RHO | Polysiphonia kampsaxii Boergesen | no | yes | Questionable record |
RHO | Vertebrata fucoides (Hudson) Kuntze | no | yes | NIS in TR—cryptogenic elsewhere |
TRA | Halophila decipiens Ostenfeld | yes | no | Misidentification ([108]) |
POL | Caulleriella viridis (Langerhans, 1881) | yes | no | Probably cryptogenic ([70]) |
POL | Lepidonotus tenuisetosus (Gravier, 1902) | yes | no | Misidentification ([109]) |
POL | Neanthes agulhana (Day, 1963) | yes | no | Likely cryptogenic ([70]) |
POL | Sigambra parva (Day, 1963) | yes | no | Probably cryptogenic ([70]) |
ASC | Diplosoma listerianum (Milne Edwards, 1841) | yes | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
ASC | Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776) | yes | yes | Cryptogenic |
BRY | Amathia verticillata (delle Chiaje 1822) | yes | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
CNI | Filellum serratum (Clarke, 1879) | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
CRU/DEC | Calappa pelii Herklots, 1851 | yes | no | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
CRU/CIR | Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854) | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
CRU/CIR | Coleusia signata (Paulson, 1875) | yes | no | Absent. Present only in the Levantine |
CRU/TAN | Paradoxapseudes intermedius (Hansen, 1895) | no | yes | Native |
CRU/ISO | Mesanthura cf. romulea Poore and Lew-Ton, 1986 | yes | no | In the Levantine only |
FOR | Adelosina colomii (Le Calvez Le Calvez, 1958) | no | yes | Native |
FOR | Amphisorus hemprichii Ehrenberg, 1840 | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
FOR | Articulina alticostata Cushman, 1944 | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Articulina carinata Wiesner, 1923 | no | yes | Native |
FOR | Astacolus insolitus (Schwager, 1866) | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Bolivina arta MacFadyen, 1931 | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Bolivina striatula Cushman, 1922 | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Coscinospira acicularis (Batsch, 1791) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Cushmanina striatopunctata (Parker and Jones, 1865) | no | yes | Cryptogenic |
FOR | Cymbaloporetta plana (Cushman, 1915) | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
FOR | Cymbaloporetta squammosa (d’Orbigny, 1839) | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
FOR | Dentalina albatrossi (Cushman, 1923) | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Euthymonacha polita (Chapman, 1904) | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
FOR | Globobulimina auriculata (Bailey, 1894) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Iridia diaphana Heron-Allen and Earland, 1914 | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Melonis affinis (Reuss, 1851) | no | yes | Circumglobal distribution |
FOR | Nodophthalmidium antillarum (Cushman, 1922) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Peneroplis arietinus (Batsch, 1791) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Peneroplis pertusus (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
FOR | Peneroplis planatus (Fichtel and Moll, 1798) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Planogypsina squamiformis (Chapman, 1901) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Polymorphina fistulosa Williamson, 1858 | no | yes | Status unresolved (debatable species) |
FOR | Pseudonodosaria brevis (d’Orbigny, 1846) | no | Yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Pulleniatina obliquiloculata (Parker Jones, 1862) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Pyramidulina catesbyi (d’Orbigny, 1839) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Pyramidulina perversa (Schwager, 1866) | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Quinqueloculina carinatastriata (Wiesner, 1923) | no | yes | Native |
FOR | Quinqueloculina sp. C d’Orbigny, 1826 | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Recurvoidella bradyi (Robertson, 1891) | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Sorites orbiculus Ehrenberg, 1839 | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Triloculina affinis d’Orbigny, 1852 | no | yes | Synonym of Triloculina trigonula (Lamarck, 1804), which is native |
FOR | Triloculina cf. fichteliana d’Orbigny, 1839 | no | yes | Native/range expanding |
FOR | Triloculina sp. A d’Orbigny, 1826 | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Vaginulinopsis sublegumen Parr, 1950 | no | yes | Questionable record |
FOR | Veleroninoides scitulus (Brady, 1881) | no | yes | Cryptogenic, Circumglobal distribution |
FISH | Abudefduf cf. saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) | yes | no | Native, crytogenic, misidentification Merged with A. cf. vaigiensis reported as A. saxatilis/vaigiensis/troschelii |
FISH | Tylosurus crocodilus (Péron Lesueur, 1821) | yes | no | Misidentification |
Group | Species | |
---|---|---|
MOL | Bursatella leachii Blainville, 1817 | Cryptogenic in IL, IT, MT—NIS elsewhere |
ECH | Ophiactis savignyi (Müller Troschel, 1842) | Cryptogenic in IT—NIS elsewhere |
POL | Hydroides dirampha Mörch, 1863 | Cryptogenic in ES—NIS elsewhere |
POL | Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883) | cryptogenic in ES—NIS elsewhere |
POL | Eurythoe complanata (Pallas, 1766) | Likely alien polychaete |
POL | Metasychis gotoi (Izuka, 1902) | Likely alien polychaete |
POL | Neopseudocapitella brasiliensis Rullier Amoureux, 1979 | Likely alien polychaete |
POL | Pista unibranchia Day, 1963 | Likely alien polychaete |
POL | Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel, 1923) | NIS questioned as cryptogenic |
PATH WAY | Levantine Sea | Aegean Sea | Marmara Sea | Ionian Sea | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amphistegina lobifera Larsen, 1976 | UNA/TS | 1950 | 1967 | 1955–1961 | |
Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan de Saint-Léon | UNA | 2006 | 1992 | 1984 | 1992 |
Brachidontes pharaonis (P. Fischer, 1870) | UNA/TS | 1876 | 1975 | 2004 | 1969 |
Bregmaceros nectabanus Whitley, 1941 | UNA | 2002 | 2005 | - | 2016 |
Bursatella leachii Blainville, 1817 | UNA | 1940 | 1975 | 2020 | 1973 |
Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 | TS | <1941 | 1947 | 2001 | 1999 |
Callionymus filamentosus Valenciennes, 1837 | UNA | 1953 | 2003 | - | 2007 |
Caulerpa cylindracea Sonder | TS | 1991 | 1996 | 2020 | 1993 |
Celleporaria brunnea (Hincks, 1884) | TS | 2003 | 2004 | - | 2013 |
Chaetozone corona Berkeley and Berkeley, 1941 | TS | 2005 | 1980 | 2008 | 1982 |
Champsodon nudivittis (Ogilby, 1895) | UNA | 2008 | 2010 | - | - |
Ciona robusta Hoshino and Tokioka, 1967 | TS | 1816 | 1901 | - | 2021 |
Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot | TS | 1998 | 1983 | 1998 | ≤1974 |
Cutleria multifida (Turner) Greville | TS | 1997 | 1932 | 1984 | 1904 |
Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) | UNA | 2009 | 2014 | - | 2019 |
Etrumeus golanii DiBattista, Randall and Bowen, 2012 | UNA | 1931 | 1999 | - | - |
Fistularia commersonii Rüppell, 1838 | UNA | 1975 | 2001 | - | 2007 |
Halophila stipulacea (Forsskål) Ascherson | UNA/TS | 1894 | 1923 | - | 1955 |
Hydroides elegans (Haswell, 1883) | TS | 1904 | 1972 | 2012 | 1964 |
Lagocephalus guentheri Miranda Ribeiro, 1915 | UNA | 1949 | 1952 | 2007 | 2005 |
Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) | UNA | 2004 | 2003 | 2008 | 2009 |
Lagocephalus suezensis Clark and Gohar, 1953 | UNA | 1975 | 2000 | - | - |
Lophocladia trichoclados (C.Agardh) F.Schmitz | TS | 1953 | 1908 | - | 1969 |
Lysidice collaris Grube, 1870 | TS | 1968 | 1975 | - | <1961 |
Magallana/Crassostrea sp./spp. | REL | 1992 | 2006 | 2004 | 1966 |
Metasychis gotoi (Izuka, 1902) | TS | 1957 | 1955 | 2008 | 1984 |
Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 | TS | 1992 | 1990 | 1991 | 2009 |
Notomastus aberans Day, 1957 | TS | 1997 | 1964 | 2013 | 1990 |
Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 | EC | 2009 | 2012 | - | 2013 |
Pinctada radiata (Leach, 1814) | UNA/REL | 1874 | 1961 | - | 1995 |
Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828) | UNA | 1991 | 2009 | - | 2016 |
Saurida lessepsianus Russell, Golani and Tikochinski, 2015 | UNA | 1951 | 1960 | - | 1990 |
Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède, 1800) | UNA | 1935 | 1994 | - | 2017 |
Siganus luridus (Rüppell, 1829) | UNA | 1930 | 1964 | - | 1973 |
Siganus rivulatus Forsskål and Niebuhr, 1775 | UNA | 1924 | 1925 | 2019 | 2009 |
Sphyraena chrysotaenia Klunzinger, 1884 | UNA | 1931 | 1966 | - | 2011 |
Stephanolepis diaspros Fraser-Brunner, 1940 | UNA | 1924 | 1943 | 2011 | 1967 |
Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823) | TS | 1927 | 1968 | - | 1948 |
Stypopodium schimperi (Kützing) M.Verlaque and Boudouresque | UNA | 1973 | 1989 | - | 2008 |
Synaptula reciprocans (Forsskål, 1775) | UNA | 1967 | 1986 | 2014 | - |
Upeneus moluccensis (Bleeker, 1855) | UNA | 1930 | 1947 | 2017 | 1976 |
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Zenetos, A.; Doğan, A.; Bakir, A.K.; Chatzigeorgiou, G.; Corsini-Foka, M.; Dağli, E.; Evangelopoulos, A.; Meriç, E.; Stoumboudi, M.; Taşkin, E.; et al. Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Know No Geopolitical Borders—An Update of NIS in the Aegean Sea. Diversity 2025, 17, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17010012
Zenetos A, Doğan A, Bakir AK, Chatzigeorgiou G, Corsini-Foka M, Dağli E, Evangelopoulos A, Meriç E, Stoumboudi M, Taşkin E, et al. Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Know No Geopolitical Borders—An Update of NIS in the Aegean Sea. Diversity. 2025; 17(1):12. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17010012
Chicago/Turabian StyleZenetos, Argyro, Alper Doğan, Ahmet Kerem Bakir, Georgios Chatzigeorgiou, Maria Corsini-Foka, Ertan Dağli, Athanasios Evangelopoulos, Engin Meriç, Maria Stoumboudi, Ergun Taşkin, and et al. 2025. "Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Know No Geopolitical Borders—An Update of NIS in the Aegean Sea" Diversity 17, no. 1: 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17010012
APA StyleZenetos, A., Doğan, A., Bakir, A. K., Chatzigeorgiou, G., Corsini-Foka, M., Dağli, E., Evangelopoulos, A., Meriç, E., Stoumboudi, M., Taşkin, E., Yokeş, M. B., & Galanidi, M. (2025). Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) Know No Geopolitical Borders—An Update of NIS in the Aegean Sea. Diversity, 17(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17010012