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Article

Engineered Graphene Quantum Dots as a Magnetic Resonance Signal Amplifier for Biomedical Imaging

by
Zhongtao Li
1,
Guiqiang Qi
1,
Guangyue Shi
1,
Meng Zhang
2,
Haifeng Hu
3 and
Liguo Hao
1,*
1
Department of Molecular Imaging, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
2
Animal Laboratory Center, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
3
Department of MRI, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2023, 28(5), 2363; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052363
Submission received: 7 February 2023 / Revised: 19 February 2023 / Accepted: 24 February 2023 / Published: 3 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Carbon Nanomaterials: Preparation and Photoelectric Properties)
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Abstract

The application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nano-contrast agents (nano-CAs) has increasingly attracted scholarly interest owing to their size, surface chemistry, and stability. Herein, a novel T1 nano-CA (Gd(DTPA)−GQDs) was successfully prepared through the functionalization of graphene quantum dots with poly(ethylene glycol) bis(amine) and their subsequent incorporation into Gd-DTPA. Remarkably, the resultant as-prepared nano-CA displayed an exceptionally high longitudinal proton relaxivity (r1) of 10.90 mM−1 s−1 (R2 = 0.998), which was significantly higher than that of commercial Gd-DTPA (4.18 mM−1 s−1, R2 = 0.996). The cytotoxicity studies indicated that the Gd(DTPA)−GQDs were not cytotoxic by themselves. The results of the hemolysis assay and the in vivo safety evaluation demonstrate the outstanding biocompatibility of Gd(DTPA)−GQDs. The in vivo MRI study provides evidence that Gd(DTPA)−GQDs exhibit exceptional performance as T1-CAs. This research constitutes a viable approach for the development of multiple potential nano-CAs with high-performance MR imaging capabilities.
Keywords: graphene quantum dots; magnetic resonance imaging; gadolinium; enhanced relaxivity graphene quantum dots; magnetic resonance imaging; gadolinium; enhanced relaxivity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, Z.; Qi, G.; Shi, G.; Zhang, M.; Hu, H.; Hao, L. Engineered Graphene Quantum Dots as a Magnetic Resonance Signal Amplifier for Biomedical Imaging. Molecules 2023, 28, 2363. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052363

AMA Style

Li Z, Qi G, Shi G, Zhang M, Hu H, Hao L. Engineered Graphene Quantum Dots as a Magnetic Resonance Signal Amplifier for Biomedical Imaging. Molecules. 2023; 28(5):2363. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052363

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Zhongtao, Guiqiang Qi, Guangyue Shi, Meng Zhang, Haifeng Hu, and Liguo Hao. 2023. "Engineered Graphene Quantum Dots as a Magnetic Resonance Signal Amplifier for Biomedical Imaging" Molecules 28, no. 5: 2363. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052363

APA Style

Li, Z., Qi, G., Shi, G., Zhang, M., Hu, H., & Hao, L. (2023). Engineered Graphene Quantum Dots as a Magnetic Resonance Signal Amplifier for Biomedical Imaging. Molecules, 28(5), 2363. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052363

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