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Molecules, Volume 18, Issue 1

2013 January - 84 articles

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Articles (84)

  • Article
  • Open Access
85 Citations
9,463 Views
12 Pages

Chemical Constituents of Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston

  • Xiao-Hua Wei,
  • Sheng-Jie Yang,
  • Na Liang,
  • De-Yu Hu,
  • Lin-Hong Jin,
  • Wei Xue and
  • Song Yang

22 January 2013

The current study targets the chemical constituents of Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston and investigates the bioactivities of the isolated compounds. Fourteen known compounds were isolated using column chromatography, and structural identificatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,728 Views
8 Pages

A New Triterpenoid from Teucrium viscidum

  • Xincai Hao,
  • Jinwen Zhang,
  • Guangxin Xia,
  • Yongbo Xue,
  • Zengwei Luo,
  • Yanyan Si,
  • Guangmin Yao and
  • Yonghui Zhang

21 January 2013

A new ursane-type triterpenoid, 3β-hydroxy-urs-30-p-Z-hydroxycinnamoyloxy-12-en-28-oic-acid (1), together with three known triterpenoids, 3β-hydroxy-urs-30-p-E-hydroxycinnamoyloxy-12-en-28-oic-acid (2), 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic-acid (3),...

  • Review
  • Open Access
65 Citations
11,092 Views
44 Pages

21 January 2013

Biopolymers and their derivatives are being actively investigated as substitutes for petroleum-based polymers. This has generated an intense interest in investigating new solvents, in particular for cellulose, chitin/chitosan, and starch. This overvi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,096 Views
11 Pages

21 January 2013

Various 1,6- and 1,8-naphthalenophanes were synthesized by using the Photo-Dehydro-Diels-Alder (PDDA) reaction of bis-ynones. These compounds are easily accessible from w-(3-iodophenyl)carboxylic acids in three steps. The obtained naphthalenophanes...

  • Review
  • Open Access
479 Citations
37,059 Views
28 Pages

A Review on Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Monoterpenes

  • Rita De Cássia da Silveira e Sá,
  • Luciana Nalone Andrade and
  • Damião Pergentino De Sousa

18 January 2013

Faced with the need to find new anti-inflammatory agents, great effort has been expended on the development of drugs for the treatment of inflammation. This disorder reduces the quality of life and overall average productivity, causing huge financial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,228 Views
7 Pages

A New Phenolic Glycoside from Chamaecyparis obtusa var. breviramea f. crippsii

  • Yu-Mei Zhang,
  • Jian Xu,
  • Lin Xiao,
  • Guang-Zhi Zeng,
  • Zhang-Hua Sun and
  • Ning-Hua Tan

18 January 2013

A new phenolic glycoside, 3-methoxyphenol 1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), was isolated from the 90% acetone extract of the branches and leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. breviramea f. crippsii along with another 10 known p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,264 Views
7 Pages

17 January 2013

A short five steps synthesis of the title compound from vanillin is described. The racemic spiroether 7 was obtained in 61% yield and in >99% diastereomeric excess (by 1H-NMR) from the corresponding phenolic derivative 3 by oxidation with lead (I...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
6,569 Views
7 Pages

17 January 2013

Two cerebrosides named 1-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[(2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl)amido]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (1) and soya-cerebroside I (2) were isolated from the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora for the first time. Their structures were com...

  • Review
  • Open Access
142 Citations
15,470 Views
26 Pages

Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling in Acylation Reactions, Scope and Recent Developments

  • Marco Blangetti,
  • Heléna Rosso,
  • Cristina Prandi,
  • Annamaria Deagostino and
  • Paolo Venturello

17 January 2013

Since the first report and due to its handiness and wide scope, the Suzuki-Miyaura (SM) cross coupling reaction has become a routine methodology in many laboratories worldwide. With respect to other common transition metal catalyzed cross couplings,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
53 Citations
6,561 Views
13 Pages

17 January 2013

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a critical event in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). The lungs are some of the most vulnerable organs that are impacted by intestinal I/R. The aim of this study is to investigat...

  • Review
  • Open Access
181 Citations
15,337 Views
25 Pages

Evolution of Analysis of Polyhenols from Grapes, Wines, and Extracts

  • Bénédicte Lorrain,
  • Isabelle Ky,
  • Laurent Pechamat and
  • Pierre-Louis Teissedre

16 January 2013

Grape and wine phenolics are structurally diverse, from simple molecules to oligomers and polymers usually designated as tannins. They have an important impact on the organoleptic properties of wines, that’s why their analysis and quantification are...

  • Article
  • Open Access
46 Citations
7,000 Views
10 Pages

16 January 2013

Response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the conditions for extraction of antioxidants from black soybean (Glycine max var) sprouts. Three influencing factors: liquid-solid ratio, period of ul...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
9,081 Views
11 Pages

16 January 2013

Comparing a solution phase route to a solid phase route in the synthesis of the cytotoxic natural product urukthapelstatin A (Ustat A) confirmed that a solid phase method is superior. The solution phase approach was tedious and involved cyclization o...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,775 Views
6 Pages

16 January 2013

Phytoestrogens are defined as plant-derived compounds with estrogen-like activities according to their chemical structures and activities. Plant lignans are generally categorized as phytoestrogens. It was reported that (−)-arctigenin, the aglycone of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
7,820 Views
10 Pages

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of 7-Hydroxy-calamenene-Rich Essential Oils from Croton cajucara Benth.

  • Mariana M. B. Azevedo,
  • Francisco C. M. Chaves,
  • Catia A. Almeida,
  • Humberto R. Bizzo,
  • Rafael S. Duarte,
  • Galba M. Campos-Takaki,
  • Celuta S. Alviano and
  • Daniela S. Alviano

16 January 2013

Croton cajucara is a shrub native to the Amazon region locally known as “sacaca”. Two morphotypes are known: white and red “sacaca”. The essential oils (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves of the red morphotype were, in general, rich in 7-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
10,109 Views
12 Pages

16 January 2013

The enzymatic performance of trypsin in hydrolysis of N-α-benzoyl-DL-arginine-4-nitroanilide (BAPNA) was improved by adsorption on Santa Barbara Amorphous (SBA)-15 mesoporous silica. The optimal immobilization conditions were screened and the propert...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
7,813 Views
12 Pages

Bioassay-Guided Isolation of DPP-4 Inhibitory Fractions from Extracts of Submerged Cultured of Inonotus obliquus

  • Yan Geng,
  • Zhen-Ming Lu,
  • Wei Huang,
  • Hong-Yu Xu,
  • Jin-Song Shi and
  • Zheng-Hong Xu

16 January 2013

Inonotus obliquus is a medicinal mushroom used in Russian and Eastern European folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that the mycelium pow...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,549 Views
12 Pages

16 January 2013

Synthesis of beneficial protected meso-DAP 9 by cross metathesis of the Garner aldehyde-derived vinyl glycine 1b with protected allyl glycine 2 in the presence of Grubbs second-generation catalyst was performed. Preparation of lipophilic N-acyl iE-DA...

  • Article
  • Open Access
56 Citations
9,069 Views
18 Pages

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Seed Oil from Winter Melon (Benincasa hispida) and Its Antioxidant Activity and Fatty Acid Composition

  • Mandana Bimakr,
  • Russly Abdul Rahman,
  • Farah Saleena Taip,
  • Noranizan Mohd Adzahan,
  • Md. Zaidul Islam Sarker and
  • Ali Ganjloo

15 January 2013

In the present study, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of seed oil from winter melon (Benincasa hispida) was investigated. The effects of process variables namely pressure (150–300 bar), temperature (40–50 °C) and dynamic extraction t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
8,065 Views
21 Pages

Chitosan Rate of Uptake in HEK293 Cells is Influenced by Soluble versus Microparticle State and Enhanced by Serum-Induced Cell Metabolism and Lactate-Based Media Acidification

  • Caroline D. Hoemann,
  • Jessica Guzmán-Morales,
  • Nicolas Tran-Khanh,
  • Geneviève Lavallée,
  • Mario Jolicoeur and
  • Marc Lavertu

15 January 2013

Chitosan is a biocompatible polysaccharide composed of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. The polymer has a unique behavior of fluctuating between soluble chains at pH 6 and insoluble microparticles at pH 7. The purpose of this study was to test t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
58 Citations
8,258 Views
17 Pages

15 January 2013

Thermal behavior of palm stearin (PS) and palm olein (PO) was explored by monitoring peak temperature transitions by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The fatty acid composition (FAC), isothermal crystallization kinetics studied by pulsed Nucl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
55 Citations
8,601 Views
10 Pages

Antiprotozoal Activity of Quinonemethide Triterpenes from Maytenus ilicifolia (Celastraceae)

  • Vania A. F. F. M. Dos Santos,
  • Karoline M. Leite,
  • Mariana Da Costa Siqueira,
  • Luis O. Regasini,
  • Isabel Martinez,
  • Camila T. Nogueira,
  • Mariana Kolos Galuppo,
  • Beatriz S. Stolf,
  • Ana Maria Soares Pereira and
  • Marcia A. S. Graminha
  • + 2 authors

15 January 2013

The present study describes the leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities of two quinonemethide triterpenes, maytenin (1) and pristimerin (2), isolated from Maytenus ilicifolia root barks (Celastraceae). The compounds were effective against the Tryp...

  • Review
  • Open Access
21 Citations
8,168 Views
13 Pages

15 January 2013

The advantages and disadvantages of existing approaches to the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODN) are discussed focusing on large-scale methods. The liquid phase and solid supported synthesis and the synthesis on soluble polymers are discus...

  • Article
  • Open Access
69 Citations
8,998 Views
12 Pages

14 January 2013

Our previous research showed that standardized extract from the flowers of the Gossypium herbaceam labeled GHE had been used in clinical trials for its beneficial effects on brain functions, particularly in connection with age-related dementia and Al...

  • Article
  • Open Access
75 Citations
10,047 Views
11 Pages

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Different Parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt.

  • Liang Xiong,
  • Cheng Peng,
  • Qin-Mei Zhou,
  • Feng Wan,
  • Xiao-Fang Xie,
  • Li Guo,
  • Xiao-Hong Li,
  • Cheng-Jun He and
  • Ou Dai

14 January 2013

The herb and fruits of Leonurus japonicus Houtt., named “Yimucao” and “Chongweizi”, respectively, in Chinese, have been widely used in China as gynecological medicines. The components of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation were investiga...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,457 Views
23 Pages

14 January 2013

Melatonin (MLT) has many health implications, therefore it is important to develop specific analytical methods for the determination of MLT in the presence of its main impurity, N-{2-[1-({3-[2-(acetylamino)ethyl]-5-methoxy-1H-indol-2-yl}methyl)-5-met...

  • Article
  • Open Access
80 Citations
7,984 Views
25 Pages

11 January 2013

The interactions between cyclophosphamide (CYC) and lysozyme (LYZ) in the presence of different cyclodextrins (CDs) were investigated by UV absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), and molecular modeling techniques under imita...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,518 Views
18 Pages

11 January 2013

An efficient approach for the synthesis of biologically interesting fused tetracyclic isoquinolines in high yields and with a broad substrate scope has been developed. The strategy features an AgNO3 catalyzed ‘one-pot’ cascade process involving forma...

  • Article
  • Open Access
95 Citations
8,817 Views
13 Pages

11 January 2013

Aiming for the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds containing a sulfonamido moiety suitable for use as antibacterial agents, the precursor ethyl {[4-N-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfamoyl]phenylazo}cyanoacetate was reacted with a variety of acti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
5,786 Views
14 Pages

11 January 2013

In this study, the anticancer activity of chamaejasmine was characterized in the human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. Cell viability and cell cycle distribution were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting was...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,574 Views
18 Pages

Structural Characterization of de Novo Designed L5K5W Model Peptide Isomers with Potent Antimicrobial and Varied Hemolytic Activities

  • Seo-Jin Kim,
  • Jae-Seok Kim,
  • Yoo-Sup Lee,
  • Dae-Won Sim,
  • Sung-Hee Lee,
  • Young-Yil Bahk,
  • Kwang-Ho Lee,
  • Eun-Hee Kim,
  • Sung-Jean Park and
  • Hyung-Sik Won
  • + 1 author

11 January 2013

In an effort to develop short antimicrobial peptides with simple amino acid compositions, we generated a series of undecapeptide isomers having the L5K5W formula. Amino acid sequences were designed to be perfectly amphipathic when folded into a helic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
91 Citations
9,598 Views
17 Pages

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Vibration Spectral, and DFT Studies of 4-Aminoantipyrine and Its Derivatives

  • Yi Li,
  • Yuanyuan Liu,
  • Haowei Wang,
  • Xiaohui Xiong,
  • Ping Wei and
  • Fangshi Li

11 January 2013

Three compounds derived from 4-aminoantipyrine (AA) were synthesized and their structures confirmed by melting point, elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR. The molecular structures of the four compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray dif...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
8,764 Views
20 Pages

Dibenzo[1,2,5]thiadiazepines Are Non-Competitive GABAA Receptor Antagonists

  • Juan F. Ramírez-Martínez,
  • Rodolfo González-Chávez,
  • Raquel Guerrero-Alba,
  • Paul E. Reyes-Gutiérrez,
  • Roberto Martínez,
  • Marcela Miranda-Morales,
  • Rosa Espinosa-Luna,
  • Marco M. González-Chávez and
  • Carlos Barajas-López

11 January 2013

A new process for obtaining dibenzo[c,f][1,2,5]thiadiazepines (DBTDs) and their effects on GABAA receptors of guinea pig myenteric neurons are described. Synthesis of DBTD derivatives began with two commercial aromatic compounds. An azide group was o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
7,506 Views
20 Pages

11 January 2013

We synthesized two series of androstane derivatives as inhibitors of type 3 and type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs). In the first series, four monospiro derivatives at position C17 were prepared from androsterone (ADT) or epi-ADT. Aft...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
6,869 Views
17 Pages

Total Flavonoids of Scutellaria barbata Inhibit Invasion of Hepatocarcinoma via MMP/TIMP in Vitro

  • Zhi-Jun Dai,
  • Bao-Feng Wang,
  • Wang-Feng Lu,
  • Zhi-Dong Wang,
  • Xiao-Bin Ma,
  • Wei-Li Min,
  • Hua-Feng Kang,
  • Xi-Jing Wang and
  • Wen-Ying Wu

11 January 2013

Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related deaths. Targeting the process of metastasis has been proposed as a strategy to fight cancer. Scutellaria barbata D. Don (S. barbata), a traditional Chinese medicine, is used for treatment of many disea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
69 Citations
8,438 Views
10 Pages

9 January 2013

The effects of selected nonionic emulsifiers on the physicochemical characteristics of astaxanthin nanodispersions produced by an emulsification/evaporation technique were studied. The emulsifiers used were polysorbates (Polysorbate 20, Polysorbate 4...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,326 Views
11 Pages

Tricolorin A as a Natural Herbicide

  • Blas Lotina-Hennsen,
  • Beatriz King-Díaz and
  • Rogelio Pereda-Miranda

9 January 2013

Tricolorin A acts as pre- and post-emergence plant growth inhibitor. In pre-emergence it displays broad-spectrum weed control, inhibiting germination of both monocotyledonous (Lolium mutliflorum and Triticum vulgare) and dicotyledonous (Physalis ixo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
110 Citations
16,141 Views
20 Pages

Curcumin Induces Cell Death and Restores Tamoxifen Sensitivity in the Antiestrogen-Resistant Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/LCC2 and MCF-7/LCC9

  • Min Jiang,
  • Ou Huang,
  • Xi Zhang,
  • Zuoquan Xie,
  • Aijun Shen,
  • Hongchun Liu,
  • Meiyu Geng and
  • Kunwei Shen

8 January 2013

Curcumin, a principal component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), has potential therapeutic activities against breast cancer through multiple signaling pathways. Increasing evidence indicates that curcumin reverses chemo-resistance and sensitizes cancer c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,138 Views
14 Pages

Synthesis and in Vitro Antiproliferative Activity of New Phenylaminoisoquinolinequinones against Cancer Cell Lines

  • Virginia Delgado,
  • Andrea Ibacache,
  • Verónica Arancibia,
  • Cristina Theoduloz and
  • Jaime A. Valderrama

8 January 2013

A variety of phenylaminoisoquinolinequinones were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity against three human-tumor derived cancer cell lines. The new aminoquinones were prepared from 4-methoxycarbonyl-3-methylisoquinoline-5,8-qui...

  • Article
  • Open Access
70 Citations
11,312 Views
22 Pages

Benchmarking Ligand-Based Virtual High-Throughput Screening with the PubChem Database

  • Mariusz Butkiewicz,
  • Edward W. Lowe,
  • Ralf Mueller,
  • Jeffrey L. Mendenhall,
  • Pedro L. Teixeira,
  • C. David Weaver and
  • Jens Meiler

8 January 2013

With the rapidly increasing availability of High-Throughput Screening (HTS) data in the public domain, such as the PubChem database, methods for ligand-based computer-aided drug discovery (LB-CADD) have the potential to accelerate and reduce the cost...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
7,524 Views
46 Pages

In Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity of Aconitine on Melanoma Cell Line B16

  • Juan Du,
  • Xiaonian Lu,
  • Ziwen Long,
  • Zhen Zhang,
  • Xiaohua Zhu,
  • Yongsheng Yang and
  • Jinhua Xu

8 January 2013

The anti-tumor effect of aconitine in melanoma cell line B16 has been studied in this paper. We found that B16 cells showed significantly reduced growth rates and increased apoptotic effects in the presence of aconitine. Furthermore, aconitine inhibi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,981 Views
13 Pages

The Sonodegradation of Caffeic Acid under Ultrasound Treatment: Relation to Stability

  • Yujing Sun,
  • Liping Qiao,
  • Xingqian Ye,
  • Donghong Liu,
  • Xianzhong Zhang and
  • Haizhi Huang

4 January 2013

The degradation of caffeic acid under ultrasound treatment in a model system was investigated. The type of solvent and temperature were important factors in determining the outcome of the degradation reactions. Liquid height, ultrasonic intensity and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
61 Citations
9,085 Views
14 Pages

4 January 2013

The catechin (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exhibits high antioxidant activity and it has been reported to provide protection of the skin against damage induced by solar UV radiation. However, EGCG is highly unstable under sunlight. The presen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
35 Citations
9,914 Views
66 Pages

Crossed and Linked Histories of Tetrapyrrolic Macrocycles and Their Use for Engineering Pores within Sol-Gel Matrices

  • Miguel A. García-Sánchez,
  • Fernando Rojas-González,
  • E. Carmina Menchaca-Campos,
  • Salvador R. Tello-Solís,
  • R. Iris Y. Quiroz-Segoviano,
  • Luis A. Diaz-Alejo,
  • Eduardo Salas-Bañales and
  • Antonio Campero

4 January 2013

The crossed and linked histories of tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, interwoven with new research discoveries, suggest that Nature has found in these structures a way to ensure the continuity of life. For diverse applications porphyrins or phthalocyanines...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
6,290 Views
12 Pages

4 January 2013

Microwave-promoted efficient synthesis of a (Z)-3-methyleneisoindolin-1-one library from 2-bromobenzamides and terminal alkynes using Cu(OAc)2•H2O/DBU is described. Various benzamide substituents, ring substitutions, including heteroaryl, aryl acetyl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
15,933 Views
16 Pages

The Combination of Mitragynine and Morphine Prevents the Development of Morphine Tolerance in Mice

  • Sharida Fakurazi,
  • Shamima Abdul Rahman,
  • Mohamad Taufik Hidayat,
  • Hairuszah Ithnin,
  • Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas and
  • Palanisamy Arulselvan

4 January 2013

Mitragynine (MG) is the major active alkaloid found in Mitragyna speciosa Korth. In the present study, we investigated the enhancement of analgesic action of MG when combined with morphine and the effect of the combination on the development of toler...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,271 Views
8 Pages

Diterpenoids with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from the Wood of Cunninghamia konishii

  • Yu-Chang Chen,
  • Yen-Cheng Li,
  • Bang-Jau You,
  • Wen-Te Chang,
  • Louis Kuoping Chao,
  • Lee-Chiang Lo,
  • Sheng-Yang Wang,
  • Guan-Jhong Huang and
  • Yueh-Hsiung Kuo

4 January 2013

Two new diterpenoids, konishone (1) and 3b-hydroxy-5,6-dehydrosugiol (2), along with three known diterpenoids—hinokiol (3), sugiol (4), and 12-hydroxy-6,7-secoabieta-8,11,13-triene-6,7-dial (5)—were isolated from the wood of Cunninghamia konishii. Co...

  • Review
  • Open Access
197 Citations
23,275 Views
11 Pages

4 January 2013

Allium sativum (L.) is rich in antioxidants which help destroy free radicals particles that can damage cell membranes and DNA, and may contribute to the aging process as well as the development of a number of conditions, including heart disease and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,535 Views
26 Pages

Semi-Synthesis of Labeled Proteins for Spectroscopic Applications

  • Lucia De Rosa,
  • Anna Russomanno,
  • Alessandra Romanelli and
  • Luca Domenico D'Andrea

2 January 2013

Since the introduction of SPPS by Merrifield in the 60s, peptide chemists have considered the possibility of preparing large proteins. The introduction of native chemical ligation in the 90s and then of expressed protein ligation have opened the way...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
7,192 Views
16 Pages

Optimization of Shikonin Homogenate Extraction from Arnebia euchroma Using Response Surface Methodology

  • Tingting Liu,
  • Chunhui Ma,
  • Lei Yang,
  • Wenjie Wang,
  • Xiaoyu Sui,
  • Chunjian Zhao and
  • Yuangang Zu

2 January 2013

An efficient homogenate extraction technique was employed for extracting shikonin from Arnebia euchroma. The homogenate extraction procedure was optimized and compared with other conventional extraction techniques. The proposed method gave the best r...

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Molecules - ISSN 1420-3049