Viruses | December 2009 - Browse Articles

Viruses, Volume 1, Issue 3 (December 2009), Pages 335-1363

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p. 335-361

Ramona A. Gutiérrez, Monica J. Naughtin, Srey V. Horm, Sorn San and Philippe Buchy Review: A(H5N1) Virus Evolution in South East Asia Viruses 2009, 1(3), 335-361; doi:10.3390/v1030335 Received: 6 July 2009; in revised form: 2 September 2009 / Accepted: 2 October 2009 / Published: 6 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (4462 KB) |

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza: Pandemics and Vaccinations)

p. 362-382

Joseph C. Sun and Lewis L. Lanier Review: The Natural Selection of Herpesviruses and Virus-Specific NK Cell Receptors Viruses 2009, 1(3), 362-382; doi:10.3390/v1030362 Received: 14 August 2009; in revised form: 13 October 2009 / Accepted: 13 October 2009 / Published: 13 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (1017 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 383-419

Thomas Baranek, Nicolas Zucchini and Marc Dalod Review: Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and the Control of Herpesvirus Infections Viruses 2009, 1(3), 383-419; doi:10.3390/v1030383 Received: 10 August 2009; in revised form: 1 October 2009 / Accepted: 8 October 2009 / Published: 14 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (431 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 420-440

Hermine Mühlbach, Christian A. Mohr, Zsolt Ruzsics and Ulrich H. Koszinowski Review: Dominant-Negative Proteins in Herpesviruses – From Assigning Gene Function to Intracellular Immunization Viruses 2009, 1(3), 420-440; doi:10.3390/v1030420 Received: 18 August 2009; in revised form: 19 October 2009 / Accepted: 19 October 2009 / Published: 19 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (572 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 441-459

Jie He, Andrea J. Kraft, Jiang Fan, Meredith Van Dyke, Lihua Wang, Michael E. Bose, Marilyn Khanna, Jacob A. Metallo and Kelly J. Henrickson Article: Simultaneous Detection of CDC Category "A" DNA and RNA Bioterrorism Agents by Use of Multiplex PCR & RT-PCR Enzyme Hybridization Assays Viruses 2009, 1(3), 441-459; doi:10.3390/v1030441 Received: 13 July 2009; in revised form: 22 September 2009 / Accepted: 20 October 2009 / Published: 20 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (174 KB)

p. 460-483

Karine Crozat and Philippe Georgel Review: Identification of Mouse Cytomegalovirus Resistance Loci by ENU Mutagenesis Viruses 2009, 1(3), 460-483; doi:10.3390/v1030460 Received: 13 August 2009; in revised form: 19 October 2009 / Accepted: 20 October 2009 / Published: 20 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (284 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 484-509

Pietro Lampertico, Alessio Aghemo, Mauro Viganò and Massimo Colombo Review: HBV and HCV Therapy Viruses 2009, 1(3), 484-509; doi:10.3390/v1030484 Received: 13 August 2009; in revised form: 8 October 2009 / Accepted: 19 October 2009 / Published: 22 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (311 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatitis Viruses)

p. 510-522

Amish C. Shah, Jacqueline N. Parker, Masako Shimamura and Kevin A. Cassady Review: Spontaneous and Engineered Compensatory HSV Mutants that Counteract the Host Antiviral PKR Response Viruses 2009, 1(3), 510-522; doi:10.3390/v1030510 Received: 24 August 2009; in revised form: 22 October 2009 / Accepted: 22 October 2009 / Published: 22 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (678 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 523-544

Bianca Dauber and Thorsten Wolff Review: Activation of the Antiviral Kinase PKR and Viral Countermeasures Viruses 2009, 1(3), 523-544; doi:10.3390/v1030523 Received: 11 August 2009; in revised form: 26 October 2009 / Accepted: 26 October 2009 / Published: 27 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (195 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 545-573

Esperanza Gómez-Lucía, Victorio M. Collado, Guadalupe Miró and Ana Doménech Review: Effect of Type-I Interferon on Retroviruses Viruses 2009, 1(3), 545-573; doi:10.3390/v1030545 Received: 10 August 2009; in revised form: 5 October 2009 / Accepted: 26 October 2009 / Published: 27 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (582 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 574-593

Raychel Chambers and Toru Takimoto Review: Antagonism of Innate Immunity by Paramyxovirus Accessory Proteins Viruses 2009, 1(3), 574-593; doi:10.3390/v1030574 Received: 8 September 2009; in revised form: 22 October 2009 / Accepted: 26 October 2009 / Published: 28 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (139 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 594-629

Suresh de Silva and William J. Bowers Review: Herpes Virus Amplicon Vectors Viruses 2009, 1(3), 594-629; doi:10.3390/v1030594 Received: 30 September 2009; in revised form: 26 October 2009 / Accepted: 29 October 2009 / Published: 29 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (369 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Viral Vector Systems for Gene Therapy)

p. 630-646

Shirine Benhenda, Delphine Cougot, Christine Neuveut and Marie A. Buendia Article: Liver Cell Transformation in Chronic HBV Infection Viruses 2009, 1(3), 630-646; doi:10.3390/v1030630 Received: 27 July 2009; in revised form: 26 October 2009 / Accepted: 29 October 2009 / Published: 30 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (252 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatitis Viruses)

p. 647-656

Ronald Dijkman, H. Lie Mulder, Lynne Rumping, Ilse Kraaijvanger, Martin Deijs, Maarten F. Jebbink, Ernst J. Verschoor and Lia van der Hoek Communication: Seroconversion to HCoV-NL63 in Rhesus Macaques Viruses 2009, 1(3), 647-656; doi:10.3390/v1030647 Received: 26 August 2009; in revised form: 28 October 2009 / Accepted: 30 October 2009 / Published: 30 October 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (234 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Newly Identified Respiratory Viruses)

p. 657-677

Daniele Fabris, John P. Marino and Stuart F. J. Le Grice Review: Revisiting Plus-Strand DNA Synthesis in Retroviruses and Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons: Dynamics of Enzyme: Substrate Interactions Viruses 2009, 1(3), 657-677; doi:10.3390/v1030657 Received: 10 September 2009; in revised form: 28 October 2009 / Accepted: 4 November 2009 / Published: 4 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (791 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 678-688

Michael Kleines, Martin Häusler, Alexander Krüttgen and Simone Scheithauer Review: WU Polyomavirus (WUPyV): A Recently Detected Virus Causing Respiratory Disease? Viruses 2009, 1(3), 678-688; doi:10.3390/v1030678 Received: 20 August 2009; in revised form: 19 October 2009 / Accepted: 4 November 2009 / Published: 4 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (49 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Newly Identified Respiratory Viruses)

p. 689-712

Kristine M. Rose and Susan R. Weiss Review: Murine Coronavirus Cell Type Dependent Interaction with the Type I Interferon Response Viruses 2009, 1(3), 689-712; doi:10.3390/v1030689 Received: 2 September 2009; in revised form: 30 October 2009 / Accepted: 4 November 2009 / Published: 4 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (352 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 713-736

Jacques J. Kessl, Christopher J. McKee, Jocelyn O. Eidahl, Nikolozi Shkriabai, Ari Katz and Mamuka Kvaratskhelia Review: HIV-1 Integrase-DNA Recognition Mechanisms Viruses 2009, 1(3), 713-736; doi:10.3390/v1030713 Received: 30 September 2009; in revised form: 3 November 2009 / Accepted: 4 November 2009 / Published: 5 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (336 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 737-759

Jesper Melchjorsen, Sampsa Matikainen and Søren R. Paludan Review: Activation and Evasion of Innate Antiviral Immunity by Herpes Simplex Virus Viruses 2009, 1(3), 737-759; doi:10.3390/v1030737 Received: 17 August 2009; in revised form: 3 November 2009 / Accepted: 5 November 2009 / Published: 5 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (196 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 760-779

Christina Paulus and Michael Nevels Review: The Human Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate-Early Proteins as Antagonists of Intrinsic and Innate Antiviral Host Responses Viruses 2009, 1(3), 760-779; doi:10.3390/v1030760 Received: 18 August 2009; in revised form: 4 November 2009 / Accepted: 5 November 2009 / Published: 5 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (144 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 780-801

Stephen Hare and Peter Cherepanov Review: The Interaction Between Lentiviral Integrase and LEDGF: Structural and Functional Insights Viruses 2009, 1(3), 780-801; doi:10.3390/v1030780 Received: 12 October 2009; in revised form: 28 October 2009 / Accepted: 6 November 2009 / Published: 6 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (453 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 802-817

Xiaodong Xiao, Weizao Chen, Yang Feng and Dimiter S. Dimitrov Article: Maturation Pathways of Cross-Reactive HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies Viruses 2009, 1(3), 802-817; doi:10.3390/v1030802 Received: 23 September 2009; in revised form: 3 November 2009 / Accepted: 5 November 2009 / Published: 6 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (657 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AIDS Vaccine)

p. 818-831

Chung-Hsin Tseng and Michael M. C. Lai Review: Hepatitis Delta Virus RNA Replication Viruses 2009, 1(3), 818-831; doi:10.3390/v1030818 Received: 28 September 2009; in revised form: 3 November 2009 / Accepted: 3 November 2009 / Published: 6 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (149 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Subviral RNAs)

p. 832-851

Elizabeth J. Faul, Douglas S. Lyles and Matthias J. Schnell Review: Interferon Response and Viral Evasion by Members of the Family Rhabdoviridae Viruses 2009, 1(3), 832-851; doi:10.3390/v1030832 Received: 18 September 2009; in revised form: 5 November 2009 / Accepted: 9 November 2009 / Published: 9 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (90 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 852-872

Philippe Merle and Christian Trepo Review: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Hepatocellular Carcinoma Viruses 2009, 1(3), 852-872; doi:10.3390/v1030852 Received: 14 August 2009; in revised form: 3 November 2009 / Accepted: 9 November 2009 / Published: 9 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (156 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatitis Viruses)

p. 873-894

Kylie Warren, David Warrilow, Luke Meredith and David Harrich Review: Reverse Transcriptase and Cellular Factors: Regulators of HIV-1 Reverse Transcription Viruses 2009, 1(3), 873-894; doi:10.3390/v1030873 Received: 30 September 2009; in revised form: 6 November 2009 / Accepted: 9 November 2009 / Published: 10 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (593 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 895-919

Kunj B. Pathak and Peter D. Nagy Review: Defective Interfering RNAs: Foes of Viruses and Friends of Virologists Viruses 2009, 1(3), 895-919; doi:10.3390/v1030895 Received: 20 October 2009; in revised form: 9 November 2009 / Accepted: 9 November 2009 / Published: 10 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (487 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Subviral RNAs)

p. 920-938

Eric A. Weaver, Pramod N. Nehete, Bharti P. Nehete, Stephanie J. Buchl, Donna Palmer, David C. Montefiori, Philip Ng, K. Jagannadha Sastry and Michael A. Barry Article: Protection against Mucosal SHIV Challenge by Peptide and Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Vaccines Viruses 2009, 1(3), 920-938; doi:10.3390/v1030920 Received: 5 October 2009; in revised form: 6 November 2009 / Accepted: 9 November 2009 / Published: 10 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (580 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AIDS Vaccine)

p. 939-964

Håvard Jenssen Review: Therapeutic Approaches Using Host Defence Peptides to Tackle Herpes Virus Infections Viruses 2009, 1(3), 939-964; doi:10.3390/v1030939 Received: 24 July 2009; in revised form: 11 October 2009 / Accepted: 16 November 2009 / Published: 18 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (593 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 965-978

Marie L. Nguyen and John A. Blaho Review: Cellular Players in the Herpes Simplex Virus Dependent Apoptosis Balancing Act Viruses 2009, 1(3), 965-978; doi:10.3390/v1030965 Received: 30 September 2009; in revised form: 16 November 2009 / Accepted: 17 November 2009 / Published: 18 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (239 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 979-1002

Tracy Chew, Kathryne E. Taylor and Karen L. Mossman Review: Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Herpes Simplex Virus Viruses 2009, 1(3), 979-1002; doi:10.3390/v1030979 Received: 30 July 2009; in revised form: 13 November 2009 / Accepted: 16 November 2009 / Published: 18 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (197 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 1003-1021

Richard M. Elliott and Friedemann Weber Review: Bunyaviruses and the Type I Interferon System Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1003-1021; doi:10.3390/v1031003 Received: 21 September 2009; in revised form: 11 November 2009 / Accepted: 20 November 2009 / Published: 23 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (98 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 1022-1034

Artur Summerfield and Kenneth C. McCullough Review: Dendritic Cells in Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses against Influenza Virus Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1022-1034; doi:10.3390/v1031022 Received: 23 September 2009 / Accepted: 23 November 2009 / Published: 24 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (78 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza: Pandemics and Vaccinations)

p. 1035-1056

Michelle M. Arnold and John T. Patton Review: Rotavirus Antagonism of the Innate Immune Response Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1035-1056; doi:10.3390/v1031035 Received: 14 September 2009; in revised form: 5 November 2009 / Accepted: 20 November 2009 / Published: 24 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (764 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 1057-1072

William G. Dundon and Ilaria Capua Review: A Closer Look at the NS1 of Influenza Virus Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1057-1072; doi:10.3390/v1031057 Received: 10 September 2009; in revised form: 13 November 2009 / Accepted: 25 November 2009 / Published: 26 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (135 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza: Pandemics and Vaccinations)

p. 1073-1088

Markus H. Heim Review: HCV Innate Immune Responses Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1073-1088; doi:10.3390/v1031073 Received: 27 August 2009; in revised form: 25 November 2009 / Accepted: 26 November 2009 / Published: 30 November 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (396 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatitis Viruses)

p. 1089-1109

Lars R. Haaheim, Abdullah S. Madhun and Rebecca Cox Review: Pandemic Influenza Vaccines – The Challenges Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1089-1109; doi:10.3390/v1031089 Received: 14 August 2009; in revised form: 26 November 2009 / Accepted: 1 December 2009 / Published: 3 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (161 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza: Pandemics and Vaccinations)

p. 1110-1136

Irene T. Weber and Johnson Agniswamy Review: HIV-1 Protease: Structural Perspectives on Drug Resistance Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1110-1136; doi:10.3390/v1031110 Received: 1 October 2009; in revised form: 30 November 2009 / Accepted: 1 December 2009 / Published: 3 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (1295 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 1137-1165

Luis Menéndez-Arias Review: Mutation Rates and Intrinsic Fidelity of Retroviral Reverse Transcriptases Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1137-1165; doi:10.3390/v1031137 Received: 20 October 2009; in revised form: 3 December 2009 / Accepted: 3 December 2009 / Published: 4 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (665 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 1166-1177

Arun Ammayappan and Vikram N. Vakharia Article: Complete Nucleotide Analysis of the Structural Genome of the Infectious Bronchitis Virus Strain Md27 Reveals its Mosaic Nature Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1166-1177; doi:10.3390/v1031166 Received: 13 August 2009; in revised form: 19 November 2009 / Accepted: 1 December 2009 / Published: 4 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (138 KB)

p. 1178-1189

Carita Savolainen-Kopra, Soile Blomqvist, Svetlana Kaijalainen, Ulla Jounio, Raija Juvonen, Ari Peitso, Annika Saukkoriipi, Olli Vainio, Tapani Hovi and Merja Roivainen Communication: All Known Human Rhinovirus Species Are Present in Sputum Specimens of Military Recruits During Respiratory Infection Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1178-1189; doi:10.3390/v1031178 Received: 1 September 2009; in revised form: 8 November 2009 / Accepted: 2 December 2009 / Published: 4 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (153 KB) |

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Newly Identified Respiratory Viruses)

p. 1190-1203

Megan L. Shaw Review: Henipaviruses Employ a Multifaceted Approach to Evade the Antiviral Interferon Response Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1190-1203; doi:10.3390/v1031190 Received: 2 October 2009; in revised form: 2 December 2009 / Accepted: 3 December 2009 / Published: 8 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (397 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interferon Antiviral Response and Viral Evasion)

p. 1204-1208

Rebecca J. Rockett, Seweryn Bialasiewicz, David M. Whiley, Cheryl Bletchly, Cassandra E. Faux, Stephen B. Lambert, Graeme R. Nimmo, Michael D. Nissen and Theo P. Sloots Article: A Novel Duplex Real-Time Reverse-Transcription PCR Assay for the Detection of Influenza A and the Novel Influenza A(H1N1) Strain Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1204-1208; doi:10.3390/v1031204 Received: 13 October 2009; in revised form: 28 November 2009 / Accepted: 4 December 2009 / Published: 9 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (85 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Newly Identified Respiratory Viruses)

p. 1209-1239

Jana Pokorná, Ladislav Machala, Pavlína Řezáčová and Jan Konvalinka Review: Current and Novel Inhibitors of HIV Protease Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1209-1239; doi:10.3390/v1031209 Received: 8 October 2009; in revised form: 7 December 2009 / Accepted: 7 December 2009 / Published: 11 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (1044 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Retroviral Enzymes)

p. 1240-1264

Nina Tavalai and Thomas Stamminger Review: Interplay between Herpesvirus Infection and Host Defense by PML Nuclear Bodies Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1240-1264; doi:10.3390/v1031240 Received: 18 November 2009; in revised form: 10 December 2009 / Accepted: 14 December 2009 / Published: 15 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (197 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antiviral Responses to Herpes Viruses)

p. 1265-1294

Vincent Holl, Maryse Peressin and Christiane Moog Review: Antibody-Mediated Fcγ Receptor-Based Mechanisms of HIV Inhibition: Recent Findings and New Vaccination Strategies Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1265-1294; doi:10.3390/v1031265 Received: 30 September 2009; in revised form: 1 December 2009 / Accepted: 8 December 2009 / Published: 15 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (295 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AIDS Vaccine)

p. 1295-1324

Nadine Müther, Nadja Noske and Anja Ehrhardt Review: Viral Hybrid Vectors for Somatic Integration - Are They the Better Solution? Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1295-1324; doi:10.3390/v1031295 Received: 30 September 2009; in revised form: 4 December 2009 / Accepted: 10 December 2009 / Published: 15 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (660 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Viral Vector Systems for Gene Therapy)

p. 1325-1350

Chung-Chi Hu, Yau-Heiu Hsu and Na-Sheng Lin Review: Satellite RNAs and Satellite Viruses of Plants Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1325-1350; doi:10.3390/v1031325 Received: 28 October 2009; in revised form: 7 December 2009 / Accepted: 7 December 2009 / Published: 18 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (214 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Subviral RNAs)

p. 1351-1363

Giovanni Cattoli, Alice Fusaro, Isabella Monne and Ilaria Capua Review: H5N1 Virus Evolution in Europe—An Updated Overview Viruses 2009, 1(3), 1351-1363; doi:10.3390/v1031351 Received: 18 September 2009; in revised form: 28 November 2009 / Accepted: 18 December 2009 / Published: 23 December 2009 Show/Hide Abstract | Download PDF Full-text (185 KB)

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influenza: Pandemics and Vaccinations)

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