You are currently on the new version of our website. Access the old version .

14 Results Found

  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,854 Views
13 Pages

The LPR Instantaneous Centroid Frequency Attribute Based on the 1D Higher-Order Differential Energy Operator

  • Xuebing Zhang,
  • Zhengchun Song,
  • Bonan Li,
  • Xuan Feng,
  • Jiangang Zhou,
  • Yipeng Yu and
  • Xin Hu

9 November 2023

In ground-penetrating radar (GPR) or lunar-penetrating radar (LPR) interpretation, instantaneous attributes (e.g., instantaneous energy and instantaneous frequency) are often utilized for attribute analysis, and they can also be integrated into a new...

  • Article
  • Open Access

Layer-Stripping Velocity Analysis Method for GPR/LPR Data

  • Nan Huai,
  • Tao Lei,
  • Xintong Liu and
  • Ning Liu
Appl. Sci.2026, 16(3), 1228;https://doi.org/10.3390/app16031228 
(registering DOI)

25 January 2026

Diffraction-based velocity analysis is a key data interpretation technique in geophysical exploration, typically relying on the geometric characteristics, energy distribution, or propagation paths of diffraction waves. The hyperbola-based method is a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
5,289 Views
14 Pages

Properties Analysis of Lunar Regolith at Chang’E-4 Landing Site Based on 3D Velocity Spectrum of Lunar Penetrating Radar

  • Zejun Dong,
  • Xuan Feng,
  • Haoqiu Zhou,
  • Cai Liu,
  • Zhaofa Zeng,
  • Jing Li and
  • Wenjing Liang

13 February 2020

The Chinese Chang’E-4 mission for moon exploration has been successfully completed. The Chang’E-4 probe achieved the first-ever soft landing on the floor of Von Kármán crater (177.59°E, 45.46°S) of the South Pole-Ait...

  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
31 Citations
4,417 Views
18 Pages

20 February 2021

As one of the main payloads mounted on the Yutu-2 rover of Chang’E-4 probe, lunar penetrating radar (LPR) aims to map the subsurface structure in the Von Kármán crater. The field LPR data are generally masked by clutters and noises of large quantitie...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,244 Views
19 Pages

30 November 2018

Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) is one of the important scientific systems onboard the Yutu lunar rover for the purpose of detecting the lunar regolith and the subsurface geologic structures of the lunar regolith, providing the opportunity to map the s...

  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,338 Views
11 Pages

4 April 2021

The high-frequency channel of lunar penetrating radar (LPR) onboard Yutu-2 rover successfully collected high quality data on the far side of the Moon, which provide a chance for us to detect the shallow subsurface structures and thickness of lunar re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,012 Views
17 Pages

10 January 2020

The Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) carried by the Chang’E-3 (CE-3) and Chang’E-4 (CE-4) mission plays a very important role in lunar exploration. The dual-frequency radar on the rover (DFR) provides a meaningful opportunity to detect the u...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,953 Views
27 Pages

27 October 2023

China has successfully carried out five lunar exploration missions since 2007. These missions indicate that China has successfully implemented a three-step lunar exploration program of “orbiting, landing, and returning”. Among them, the L...

  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,170 Views
14 Pages

24 December 2020

The Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) onboard the Yutu-2 rover from China’s Chang’E-4 (CE-4) mission is used to probe the subsurface structure and the near-surface stratigraphic structure of the lunar regolith on the farside of the Moon. Stru...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
4,917 Views
24 Pages

Parameter Estimation of Lunar Regolith from Lunar Penetrating Radar Data

  • Ling Zhang,
  • Zhaofa Zeng,
  • Jing Li,
  • Ling Huang,
  • Zhijun Huo,
  • Kun Wang and
  • Jianmin Zhang

1 September 2018

Parameter estimation of the lunar regolith not only provides important information about the composition but is also critical to quantifying potential resources for lunar exploration and engineering for human outposts. The Lunar Penetrating Radar (LP...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,855 Views
16 Pages

Knowledge of the subsurface structure not only provides useful information on lunar geology, but it also can quantify the potential lunar resources for human beings. The dual-frequency lunar penetrating radar (LPR) aboard the Yutu rover offers a Spec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,590 Views
19 Pages

5 March 2019

Structural analysis of lunar regolith not only provides important information about lunar geology but also provides a reference for future lunar sample return missions. The Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) onboard China’s Chang’E-3 (CE-3) pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,414 Views
15 Pages

4 March 2019

As one of the important scientific instruments of lunar exploration, the Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) onboard China’s Chang’E-3 (CE-3) provides a unique opportunity to image the lunar subsurface structure. Due to the low-frequency and hi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,857 Views
19 Pages

Dielectric Properties of Lunar Materials at the Chang’e-4 Landing Site

  • Jialong Lai,
  • Feifei Cui,
  • Yi Xu,
  • Chaofei Liu and
  • Ling Zhang

11 October 2021

On January 3rd 2019, the Chang’e-4 mission successfully landed in the Von Kármán Crater inside the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin and achieved the first soft landing on the farside of the Moon. Lunar penetrating radar (LPR) equipped on the rover measu...