We would like to submit the following correction to our recently published paper [1].
Error in Tables
In the original publication, there were mistakes in
Table 2 and
Table 5 as published. The standard deviation listed for the CS group on the DSMSE language test was mistakenly listed as 0.07 in
Table 2. The
p-value listed for the RADD-2 Expressive Language in
Table 5 was mistakenly listed as <.001 in
Table 5. The Estimate value for the Purdue Pegboard was mistakenly listed as 0615 in
Table 5. The corrected
Table 2 and
Table 5 appear below.
Table 2.
Means and standard deviations of raw test scores by AD status and their hypothesized cognitive domain.
Table 5.
The relationship between sex, premorbid ID, MCI-DS, and cognitive functioning.
The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.
Reference
- Hom, C.L.; Kirby, K.A.; Ricks-Oddie, J.; Keator, D.B.; Krinsky-McHale, S.J.; Pulsifer, M.B.; Rosas, H.D.; Lai, F.; Schupf, N.; Lott, I.T.; et al. Cognitive Function during the Prodromal Stage of Alzheimer’s Disease in Down Syndrome: Comparing Models. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Table 2.
Means and standard deviations of raw test scores by AD status and their hypothesized cognitive domain.
| Variable (Range of Scores) | Domain | CS (n = 103) | MCI-DS (n = 41) | Mann–Whitney U (p-Value) |
|---|
| Block Design (0–54) | Visuomotor | 23.79 (10.49) | 17.37 (12.78) | 3.11 (0.002) |
| Boston Naming (0–27) | Language | 15.88 (5.51) | 13.23 (6.91) | 2.04 (0.041) |
| Category Fluency (0–17) | EF | 8.23 (3.18) | 6.82 (3.68) | 2.21 (0.027) |
| Cats and Dogs Switch (--17.00–61.80) † | EF | 9.80 (11.22) | 5.05 (11.21) | 1.82 (0.069) |
| Cued Recall (3–35) | Memory | 28.61 (6.83) | 21.38 (9.22) | 4.43 (0.0001) |
| DSMSE Language (3–52) | Language | 37.10 (9.07) | 30.80 (9.63) | 3.28 (0.001) |
| DSMSE Memory (0–23) | Memory | 14.08 (4.68) | 9.80 (4.57) | 4.62 (0.0001) |
| DSMSE Visual Spatial (2–8) | Visuomotor | 6.18 (1.09) | 5.59 (1.01) | 2.98 (0.003) |
| mMMSE-DS Anomia (4–20) | Language | 18.18 (2.20) | 16.49 (4.19) | 1.55 (0.122) |
| mMMSE-DS Concentration (0–6) | EF | 3.69 (2.10) | 2.39 (2.14) | 3.15 (0.002) |
| mMMSE-DS Fine Motor (1–10) | Visuomotor | 8.04 (1.29) | 7.05 (2.28) | 2.58 (0.010) |
| mMMSE-DS Orientation (5–30) | EF | 25.46 (5.33) | 20.87 (6.41) | 4.75 (0.0001) |
| Purdue Pegboard Both Hands (0–8) | Visuomotor | 2.62 (1.82) | 1.51 (1.71) | 3.14 (0.002) |
| RADD-2 Digit Span Forward (0–8) | EF | 4.02 (1.66) | 2.97 (1.80) | 2.84 (0.005) |
| RADD-2 Expressive Lang. (0–16) | Language | 11.24 (3.92) | 8.80 (4.01) | 3.34 (0.001) |
| RADD-2 Receptive Lang. (0–12) | Language | 7.56 (2.51) | 6.80 (2.99) | 1.08 (0.279) |
| RADD-2 Sensorimotor (0–7) | Visuomotor | 6.70 (0.50) | 5.85 (1.50) | 3.87 (0.0001) |
| RADD-2 Similarities (0–4) | Language | 2.51 (1.49) | 1.56 (1.47) | 3.40 (0.001) |
| Rivermead Recognition (0–10) | Memory | 5.42 (3.77) | 2.21 (3.40) | 3.90 (0.0001) |
| Selective Reminding Test (1–24) | Memory | 15.50 (5.62) | 9.18 (4.32) | 5.70 (0.0001) |
| Tinetti Gait (4–12) | Visuomotor | 10.75 (1.62) | 10.37 (1.88) | 1.47 (0.143) |
| VMI (1–25) | Visuomotor | 15.45 (3.22) | 13.98 (3.40) | 1.75 (0.081) |
Table 5.
The relationship between sex, premorbid ID, MCI-DS, and cognitive functioning.
| Cognitive Domain | Predictor Variable | Estimate | SE | CR | Standardized Regression Weight | p-Value |
|---|
| Structural |
| Language/EF | Sex | −0.010 | 0.075 | −0.13 | −0.01 | 0.893 |
| Language/EF | PID | −0.413 | 0.067 | −6.15 | −0.41 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | MCI-DS | −0.238 | 0.074 | −3.23 | −0.24 | 0.001 |
| Memory | Sex | 0.008 | 0.076 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.916 |
| Memory | PID | −0.241 | 0.075 | −3.21 | −0.24 | 0.001 |
| Memory | MCI-DS | −0.471 | 0.67 | −7.07 | −0.47 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | Sex | −0.093 | 0.081 | −1.14 | −0.09 | 0.255 |
| Visuomotor | PID | −0.302 | 0.077 | −3.91 | −0.30 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | MCI-DS | −0.303 | 0.78 | −3.90 | −0.30 | <0.001 |
| Measurement |
| Language/EF | Boston Naming | 0.879 | 0.023 | 38.18 | 0.88 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | DSMSE Language | 0.878 | 0.023 | 37.81 | 0.88 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | mMMSE Anomia | 0.742 | 0.041 | 18.14 | 0.74 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | mMMSE Concentration | 0.724 | 0.043 | 16.53 | 0.72 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | RADD-2 Digit Span Forward | 0.782 | 0.036 | 21.93 | 0.78 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | RADD-2 Expressive Language | 0.874 | 0.023 | 37.52 | 0.87 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | RADD-2 Receptive Language | 0.683 | 0.047 | 16.53 | 0.68 | <0.001 |
| Language/EF | RADD-2 Similarities | 0.760 | 0.038 | 20.05 | 0.76 | <0.001 |
| Memory | Cued Recall | 0.673 | 0.053 | 12.65 | 0.67 | <0.001 |
| Memory | DSMSE Memory | 0.858 | 0.032 | 27.09 | 0.86 | <0.001 |
| Memory | Rivermead Recognition | 0.702 | 0.051 | 13.87 | 0.70 | <0.001 |
| Memory | Selective Reminding Test | 0.845 | 0.033 | 25.65 | 0.85 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | Block Design | 0.849 | 0.033 | 26.09 | 0.85 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | DSMSE Visual Spatial | 0.797 | 0.038 | 17.05 | 0.80 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | Purdue Pegboard | 0.615 | 0.59 | 10.39 | 0.62 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | RADD Sensorimotor | 0.624 | 0.058 | 10.70 | 0.62 | <0.001 |
| Visuomotor | VMI | 0.708 | 0.048 | 14.77 | 0.71 | <0.001 |
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