Youth

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are perceived as safer than conventional smoking, but there is limited knowledge about their risks. This quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the perceived usefulness and acceptability of an innovative information strategy concerning the potential harms of e-cigarettes among university students in oral health programs in Mexico and Colombia. The methodology involved implementing a three-phase strategy, utilizing an interactive, self-managed educational game (bowling game) developed on the Genially digital platform and anchored in scientific evidence. Of the 230 invited students, 213 consented to participate in the initial phase. High engagement was demonstrated in the second phase, with 94.8% (n = 203) of students using the game for an average of 5 min and 16 s, and 25.62% answering all embedded knowledge questions correctly on the first attempt. Results from the acceptability phase (n = 36) were highly positive, with 72.2% of IUVA students and 19.4% of BUAP students agreeing the strategy was both entertaining and useful for knowledge improvement. The findings suggest that gamified and interactive digital learning strategies are highly accepted and strengthen academic commitment and knowledge acquisition regarding the public health risks of e-cigarettes. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate the sustained impact of these digital educational tools.

Peer role models are an important factor in supporting academic achievement, social development, and mental health, particularly in out-of-school-time (OST) programs that emphasize character and leadership. This mixed-methods study explored whether Scouts’ racial/ethnic identity was associated with identifying a peer role model and examined the character assets youth valued in those role models. We purposively sampled 104 Scouts (aged 11–18), 89% male and 70% White, with additional racial diversity across all U.S. regions. Interviews were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Most Scouts identified a peer role model, and there were no significant differences in identification or valued characteristics across racial/ethnic groups. Scouts most frequently valued character assets related to caring, contribution, and connection. These findings point to the value of structured, youth-led, multi-age OST environments, indicating that program policies which embed opportunities for peer role modeling may help promote character development across diverse backgrounds.

Positive eating behaviors may be linked to improved health outcomes, but reliable assessment tools are scarce. This study aims to translate the Positive Eating Scale (PES) into Chinese (PES-C), culturally adapt it, and examine its psychometric properties and its relationship with psychological symptoms among Chinese college students. A two-stage cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2024 to April 2025. A total of 800 valid questionnaires were collected in Stage 1 and 1882 in Stage 2. PES-C showed good structural validity (CFI = 0.991, RMSEA = 0.067) and high internal agreement (Cronbach α = 0.963), with measurement invariance established across gender and ethnicity. Correlation analysis showed that PES-C score was significantly negatively correlated with depression (PHQ-9, r = −0.24) and anxiety (GAD-7, r = −0.22), positively correlated with the frequency of vegetable consumption (r = 0.13–0.18), and negatively correlated with beverage consumption (r = −0.01–−0.17). These findings indicate that positive eating attitudes help improve psychological symptoms and may also affect food choices. PES-C is a dependable and effective tool for assessing the eating behaviors of Chinese university students, offering both theoretical and practical support for campus nutrition and mental health promotion programs.