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Groundwater for Health and Well-Being

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and One Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2026 | Viewed by 560

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Professional School of Medical Hydrology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: health resort medicine; mineral water; peloid; balneotherapy; hydrotherapy and aquatic therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Some groundwaters, known as mineral-medicinal waters, natural mineral waters, or thermal waters, have been used since time immemorial to improve health and well-being. These waters are used in establishments called Health Resort Medicine not only for therapeutic purposes—called Balneotherapy, which is included in the catalog of services provided by the National Health Systems of many countries—but also for leisure and wellness, and they support a sector of great economic and social importance, such as thermalism. Hence, there is great importance in preserving and optimizing these valuable natural resources.

Considering these factors, it is necessary to know and guarantee water quality by applying advanced technologies that allow us to protect it from the anthropic ecosystem and the potential impacts of climate change through water monitoring and control, real-time data digitization, the prediction of potential contaminants that could modify the fundamental parameters of thermal waters (artificial intelligence), the characteristics of their hydrobiomes, and the improvement in the energy efficiency of thermal facilities.

This Special Issue aims to compile research articles and reviews dedicated to hydrogeology, physics, chemistry, medicine, pharmacy, biology, computer science, etc., as well as public authorities and economic stakeholders related to this sector.

Prof. Dr. Francisco Maraver Eyzaguirre
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • mineral-medicinal waters
  • natural mineral waters
  • thermal waters
  • balneotherapy
  • water quality
  • contaminants
  • anthropic ecosystem
  • climate change
  • energy efficiency
  • artificial intelligence

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 2241 KiB  
Article
Microvascular Responses in the Dermis and Muscles After Balneotherapy: Results from a Prospective Pilot Histological Study
by Traian-Virgiliu Surdu, Monica Surdu, Olga Surdu, Irina Franciuc, Elena-Roxana Tucmeanu, Alin-Iulian Tucmeanu, Lucian Serbanescu and Vlad Iustin Tica
Water 2025, 17(12), 1830; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17121830 - 19 Jun 2025
Viewed by 270
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a prospective study to evaluate histological changes in skin and muscle tissues after two weeks of balneotherapeutic intervention, as described in Romanian medical regulations. Methods: Thirty-five patients participated in this study, thirty of [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a prospective study to evaluate histological changes in skin and muscle tissues after two weeks of balneotherapeutic intervention, as described in Romanian medical regulations. Methods: Thirty-five patients participated in this study, thirty of whom received balneotherapy (a cold mud ointment or a mud pack, or a mud bath, and/or a salted water bath) and five received hydrotherapy (the witness plot). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Twenty-four hours after discharge, a tegument and muscle biopsy were performed, and fragments were histologically prepared. Results: In the blade evidence analysis, the increased caliber and number of open capillaries and the presence of angiogenesis vessels were statistically significant (p = 0.001 < α = 0.05) for the cold mud ointment and mud pack compared with the witness and mud bath plots. The number of angiogenesis blood vessels was higher in the dermis (p < 0.05 *) with the mud pack plot and in the muscle with the mud cold ointment (p < 0.05). The histological study showed that two weeks of therapeutic intervention produced evidence-based proof in the dermis and muscle tissues, which was persistent at least twenty-four hours after the completion of the balneal course. The results encourage the team to continue the histological approach using modern techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Groundwater for Health and Well-Being)
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