Journal Description
Sustainability
Sustainability
is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access journal on environmental, cultural, economic, and social sustainability of human beings, published semimonthly online by MDPI. The Canadian Urban Transit Research & Innovation Consortium (CUTRIC), International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) and Urban Land Institute (ULI) are affiliated with Sustainability and their members receive discounts on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE and SSCI (Web of Science), GEOBASE, GeoRef, Inspec, AGRIS, RePEc, CAPlus / SciFinder, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q2 (Environmental Studies) / CiteScore - Q1 (Geography, Planning and Development)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 18.8 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 3.6 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Testimonials: See what our editors and authors say about Sustainability.
- Companion journals for Sustainability include: World, Sustainable Chemistry, Conservation, Future Transportation, Architecture, Standards, Merits and Wind.
Impact Factor:
3.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
4.0 (2022)
Latest Articles
Smartening Local Energy in Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Three Cases and Their Implications for Supporting Transformative Governance Practices
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3922; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103922 (registering DOI) - 08 May 2024
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Achieving global sustainability goals, while maintaining or increasing access to energy services, calls for agile and many-faceted responses. The pursuit of ‘smart local energy systems’ is one such response that involves a paradigm shift, taking the concept of an energy system away from
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Achieving global sustainability goals, while maintaining or increasing access to energy services, calls for agile and many-faceted responses. The pursuit of ‘smart local energy systems’ is one such response that involves a paradigm shift, taking the concept of an energy system away from large-scale power plants and fuel stores towards more flexible configurations to harness renewable energy flows, with highly distributed physical assets, actors, skills and controls. Smart local energy requires citizens, industry, utilities and government bodies to collaborate and learn together in order to develop effective modes of governing that meet sustainability goals and provide reliable, accessible energy services. In this article, we introduce practical implications of creating more localised energy systems with the aid of digital technologies. We then analyse three emerging European energy communities in terms of their actors, activities and alliances, to build an understanding of governance practices within and beyond the communities that are capable of fostering transformative change towards sustainability. From this, we argue that maintaining progress towards smart local energy systems requires transformative governance within and beyond initiatives. It requires local governance arrangements that are agile and responsive to new actors and activities as well as to broader external circumstances.
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Open AccessArticle
How Indonesia’s Cities Are Grappling with Plastic Waste: An Integrated Approach towards Sustainable Plastic Waste Management
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Yunisa Zahrah, Jeongsoo Yu and Xiaoyue Liu
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3921; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103921 (registering DOI) - 08 May 2024
Abstract
In Indonesia, plastic constitutes the second largest component of municipal solid waste; however, 58% remains uncollected. Most plastic recycling depends on informal sectors, accounting for only 10% of the total, leaving the remainder to potentially harm the environment. This paper analyzes how cities
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In Indonesia, plastic constitutes the second largest component of municipal solid waste; however, 58% remains uncollected. Most plastic recycling depends on informal sectors, accounting for only 10% of the total, leaving the remainder to potentially harm the environment. This paper analyzes how cities in Indonesia have tackled their plastic waste problems from the perspective of the integrated sustainable waste management framework. This study focuses on plastic waste management (PWM) in three cities: Bandung, Yogyakarta, and Magelang. Data were collected from 41 semi-structured interviews, a plastic waste composition data analysis, and site visits. The research outcomes include a comprehensive analysis of stakeholder roles, plastic waste flow, plastic waste composition data, and various challenges in PWM. This study identifies three main stakeholders in collecting plastic wastes: the Department of Environment as the main local government body, community-based waste banks, and private waste management companies. Most recyclable plastic waste is recovered through waste banks and private collection services. In 2022, the predominant types of plastic waste in Bandung, Yogyakarta, and Magelang City were soft plastics, thick plastics, and hard plastics, respectively. The challenges for the PWM stem from various aspects in political, legal, and institutional; environmental; financial and technical; and socio-cultural spheres. Positive trends towards an integrated system are observed, although full integration has not yet been achieved. The research recommends a multi-stakeholder cooperative approach involving municipal authorities, waste banks, and private collectors, responsive to local conditions and emphasizing sustainability aspects throughout waste management stages for a sustainable resource recycling in developing countries.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Waste Management and Recycling for Achieving a Circular Economy)
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A Study on the Relationship between Road Network Centrality and the Spatial Distribution of Commercial Facilities—A Case of Changchun, China
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Xiaochi Shi, Daqian Liu and Jing Gan
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3920; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103920 (registering DOI) - 08 May 2024
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Using the Urban Network Analysis Tool, the centrality of a road network (closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and straightness centrality) was calculated, and the POI data of the commercial facilities were reclassified. KDE estimation was used to estimate the centrality of the traffic network,
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Using the Urban Network Analysis Tool, the centrality of a road network (closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and straightness centrality) was calculated, and the POI data of the commercial facilities were reclassified. KDE estimation was used to estimate the centrality of the traffic network, and the correlation coefficient was calculated to explore the spatial relationship between road network centrality and the types of commercial facilities (catering facilities, shopping facilities, residential life facilities, and financial and insurance facilities). The results indicate the following: (1) Closeness centrality displays a discernible “Core–Periphery” pattern, and the high-value areas of betweenness centrality are mainly concentrated around the main arterial roads of the city. In contrast, straightness centrality unveils a polycentric structure. (2) The spatial distribution of commercial facilities demonstrates a notable correlation with the centrality of the road network. From the perspective of centrality, the distribution of residential life facilities is most strongly influenced by road network centrality, followed by financial and insurance facilities and then catering facilities, with the distribution of shopping facilities being the least affected. (3) The centrality of the road network plays a crucial role in shaping the arrangement of commercial facilities. Closeness centrality significantly influences the distribution of residential life facilities, catering facilities, and shopping facilities. Betweenness centrality has a noteworthy impact on the selection of locations for financial and insurance facilities, as well as residential life facilities. Furthermore, areas characterized by better straightness centrality are preferred for the distribution of residential life facilities, financial and insurance facilities, and catering facilities. (4) The centrality of the road network has a greater influence on the arrangement of various commercial facilities than the population distribution.
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Exploration of the Deep Impact of Digital Platforms on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Activities of Entrepreneurs under the Information Management Framework
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Fanbao Xie, Xin Guan, Xiaoyan Peng, Caimeng Wang, Yanzhao Zeng, Zeyu Wang and Rong Bai
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3919; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103919 - 08 May 2024
Abstract
With the rapid development of information technology, digital platforms (DPs) have emerged as an indispensable aspect of the entrepreneurial landscape, which has a profound impact on entrepreneurial innovation and practice. However, there remains a gap in understanding the specific ways in which DPs
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With the rapid development of information technology, digital platforms (DPs) have emerged as an indispensable aspect of the entrepreneurial landscape, which has a profound impact on entrepreneurial innovation and practice. However, there remains a gap in understanding the specific ways in which DPs influence the entrepreneurial process. Therefore, within the framework of information management theory, this study aims to deepen the understanding of how DPs foster entrepreneurial innovation and enhance entrepreneurial effectiveness, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of DPs. Firstly, the concept of information management in contemporary social enterprise management is thoroughly examined and reviewed to establish a robust theoretical foundation for further research. Secondly, the conceptual framework and core elements of DPs are extensively discussed, elucidating their role and function in the entrepreneurial process. On this basis, a theoretical model illustrating the impact of DPs on entrepreneurial innovation and activities is formulated, along with six specific research hypotheses. These hypotheses encompass the effects of DPs on entrepreneur behavior, enterprise development, and the platform–entrepreneur relationship. To verify the validity of these hypotheses, a questionnaire survey involving 398 entrepreneurs is conducted to facilitate in-depth communication. Simultaneously, the various attributes of entrepreneurs are categorized, and the resulting classifications are thoroughly analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the DP plays a positive role in promoting the development of platform enterprises, improving intrapreneurship activities, and enhancing the ability of intrapreneurship. In addition, DPs can effectively regulate the relationship between platform enterprises and entrepreneurs and promote the self-development of entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the entrepreneurial growth process has positively influenced platform enterprises. This finding strongly supports the practical application of DPs and provides valuable guidance for entrepreneurs to leverage them effectively in fostering innovation and entrepreneurial activities in the digital era. Meanwhile, this offers crucial insights for platform enterprises on enhancing their service offerings to entrepreneurs and fostering the sustainable development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. In summary, through rigorous theoretical discourse and empirical analysis, this study emphasizes the significant role of DPs in the entrepreneurial journey, providing robust backing for their continued advancement and utilization in the entrepreneurial realm.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entrepreneurship, Open Innovation and Digital Transformation for Sustainability)
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Open AccessArticle
The Collapse of the Vaults of the Ambato Matriz Church in the 1949 Earthquake: A Response with a Technical Approach
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Fabián S. López-Ulloa, Esther Redondo Martínez, Ignacio Javier Gil Crespo, Andrea Goyes-Balladares and Luis Enrique Chávez-Rubio
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3918; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103918 - 08 May 2024
Abstract
This research examines the structural behavior of the central vault of the Matriz church that collapsed during the 1949 earthquake in Ambato, Ecuador. Following the disaster, the church and Episcopal Palace were demolished. The central vault lacked buttresses and had large cracks two
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This research examines the structural behavior of the central vault of the Matriz church that collapsed during the 1949 earthquake in Ambato, Ecuador. Following the disaster, the church and Episcopal Palace were demolished. The central vault lacked buttresses and had large cracks two years before the collapse. A study was conducted using graphic restitution and the theory of limit analysis of structures to analyze the mechanical behavior of the central vault. The aim was to provide a technical explanation for the cause of the collapse beyond the impact of the earthquake. The limit analysis of structures is a tool that determines the technical stability conditions of a masonry structure using graphic statics. In this case, the respective checks of the structural behavior could be made, concluding that the structural ensemble of the central vault was unstable and could have collapsed at any moment, not necessarily due to an earthquake. The article is based on the research project “Architectural analysis of the central nucleus of Ambato between 1895 and 1949: styles, types, techniques, losses, and continuities”, which was conducted at the Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ecuador, from 2021 to 2023.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cultural Heritage and Language Maintenance: Sustainable Regional Development)
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Waterlogged Area Identification Models Based on Object-Oriented Image Analysis and Deep Learning Methods in Sloping Croplands of Northeast China
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Peng Xie, Shihang Wang, Meiyan Wang, Rui Ma, Zhiyuan Tian, Yin Liang and Xuezheng Shi
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3917; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103917 - 08 May 2024
Abstract
Drainage difficulties in the waterlogged areas of sloping cropland not only impede crop development but also facilitate the formation of erosion gullies, resulting in significant soil and water loss. Investigating the distribution of these waterlogged areas is crucial for comprehending the erosion patterns
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Drainage difficulties in the waterlogged areas of sloping cropland not only impede crop development but also facilitate the formation of erosion gullies, resulting in significant soil and water loss. Investigating the distribution of these waterlogged areas is crucial for comprehending the erosion patterns of sloping cropland and preserving black soil resource. In this study, we built varied models based on two stages (one using only deep learning methods and the other combining object-based image analysis (OBIA) with deep learning methods) to identify waterlogged areas using high-resolution remote sensing data. The results showed that the five deep learning models using original remote sensing imagery achieved precision rates varying from 54.6% to 60.9%. Among these models, the DeepLabV3+-Xception model achieved the highest accuracy, as indicated by an F1-score of 53.4%. The identified imagery demonstrated a significant distinction in the two categories of waterlogged areas: sloping cropland erosion zones and erosion risk areas. The former had obvious borders and fewer misclassifications, exceeding the latter in terms of identification accuracy. Furthermore, the accuracy of the deep learning models was significantly improved when combined with object-oriented image analysis. The DeepLabV3+-MobileNetV2 model achieved the maximum accuracy, with an F1-score of 59%, which was 6% higher than that of the model using only original imagery. Moreover, this advancement mitigated issues related to boundary blurriness and image noise in the identification process. These results will provide scientific assistance in managing and reducing the impact in these places.
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(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
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Introducing a Novel Concept for an Integrated Demolition Waste Recycling Center and the Establishment of a Stakeholder Network: A Case Study from Germany
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Magdalena Zabek, Pauline Jegen and Lillith Kreiss
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3916; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103916 - 08 May 2024
Abstract
Using recycled aggregates has many positive environmental impacts because of the conservation of natural resources and minimization of waste. The use of recycled aggregates in downcycling processes is already common in Germany, whereas utilizing them to produce high-quality recycled concrete is rarely applied
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Using recycled aggregates has many positive environmental impacts because of the conservation of natural resources and minimization of waste. The use of recycled aggregates in downcycling processes is already common in Germany, whereas utilizing them to produce high-quality recycled concrete is rarely applied in practice. The reasons behind this lag have been investigated based on surveys and interviews with stakeholders. Miscommunication and missing information were identified in all stakeholder groups. Therefore, establishing a robust network and facilitating knowledge transfer by specifying the demand for recycled aggregates in the case study region have been considered as prerequisites. Therefore, the paper presents a novel concept of a stakeholder network for an integrated construction and demolition waste center. The conceptualization integrates the recycling companies and construction product manufacturers in one venue with research, service, and educational divisions. The design of the facilities is based on calculations regarding future construction activities and the demand for concrete production. The proposed concept aims to supply the region in the west of Germany with high-quality recycled products while also establishing a robust network that offers benefits in terms of logistical optimization and knowledge transfer.
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(This article belongs to the Topic Circular Economy Innovations and Breakthroughs for Built Environments)
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Study on the Correlation between Ecological Service Value and Ecological Risk of Typical Mountain-Oasis-Desert Ecosystems: A Case Study of Aksu City in Northwest China
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Weixu Li, Yanxia Ma, Yongqiang Liu and Yongfu Zhang
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3915; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103915 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
Aksu City, located in the southern region of Xinjiang, China, holds the position of being the fifth largest city in Xinjiang. It holds significant ecological importance as a vital functional region for the management of desertification in China. To safeguard the ecological security
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Aksu City, located in the southern region of Xinjiang, China, holds the position of being the fifth largest city in Xinjiang. It holds significant ecological importance as a vital functional region for the management of desertification in China. To safeguard the ecological security of Xinjiang and preserve the ecological stability of Aksu City, it is crucial to examine the relationship between ecological service value and ecological risk, as well as the geographical and temporal changes in land use characteristics in Aksu City. This study examines the evolutionary characteristics and spatial correlation between ecological service value and ecological risk in Aksu City, using Aksu City as a case study. The analysis is based on five periods of land use data from 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The study revealed the spatial and temporal patterns of landscape ecological risk and ecosystem service value in Aksu City from 2000 to 2020 using the landscape pattern index, ecological service value estimation, and ecological risk index. In addition, the study explored the interrelationship between ecological service value and ecological risk. The findings indicated that: (1) Bare land constituted the predominant land use category in Aksu City, accounting for over 81% of the total land use transfer over a 20-year period, encompassing a total area of 459.83 km2. (2) The total ecological service value (ESV) in the area experienced a decline of CNY 3.41 × 108 within the study’s time frame, exhibiting a decrease rate of 6.73%. Notably, grass and shrubland emerged as the primary contributor to the ESV, accounting for 33.25% of the total. (3) The ecological risk index (ERI) in Aksu City, within the period of 2000–2020, showed an increase in the interval from 0.2686 to 0.2877. The results indicated a decline in the overall ecological condition. The ecological risk level in Aksu City from 2000 to 2020 was dominated by lower and medium ecological risks. (4) Moran’s I values in Aksu City between 2000 and 2020 ranged from 0.428 to 0.443, which suggested a positive spatial correlation between ESV and ERI in the study area. The primary factor contributing to the heightened ecological risk in the study region was predominantly attributed to human activities such as urban expansion, agricultural production, and overgrazing.
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(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
Open AccessArticle
Wind Tunnel Test of Sand Particle Size Distribution along Height in Blown Sand
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Lifen Zhou, Zhengnong Li, Bin Huang and Ou Pu
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3914; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103914 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
In aeolian sand movement, the vertical distribution of sand particle size is intricately linked to sand flux, wind–sand flow field and dune development. In the present study, the distribution characteristics of sand grains in four particle size ranges at nine heights were investigated
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In aeolian sand movement, the vertical distribution of sand particle size is intricately linked to sand flux, wind–sand flow field and dune development. In the present study, the distribution characteristics of sand grains in four particle size ranges at nine heights were investigated through sand blowing tests at five different reference wind speeds. The correlation between sand particle size and wind speed indicates that when the particle size was ≥0.35 mm, there was a linear variation of mass percentage with wind speed. When the particle size was <0.35 mm, when Z ≤ 0.15 m, a linear variation of mass percentage with wind speed was found; when Z > 0.15 m, an exponential modification in mass percentage with wind velocity was observed for sand grains falling within this specific range of particle sizes. The correlation between sand particle size and height indicates that when the reference wind speed was ≥15 m/s, the mass percentage of sand particles varied linearly with height. When the reference wind speed was ≤13.5 m/s, the mass percentage of sand grains with particle size in the 0.25–0.35mm range increases first and then decreases with increasing height. The present results can provide a reference for subsequent research on the aerodynamic characteristics of wind–sand flow fields and on the mechanism of dune formation.
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(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
Open AccessArticle
Perceptions of Tree Risks and Benefits in a Historically African American Neighborhood
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Alexis Martin, Jason Gordon, John Schelhas and Tawana Smith Mattox
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3913; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103913 - 07 May 2024
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An expansive body of research demonstrates the social and ecological benefits of urban forests, although urban tree canopy density tends to be lower than average in areas occupied by marginalized populations. Non-profit organizations and local governments have initiated tree-planting programs; however, some of
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An expansive body of research demonstrates the social and ecological benefits of urban forests, although urban tree canopy density tends to be lower than average in areas occupied by marginalized populations. Non-profit organizations and local governments have initiated tree-planting programs; however, some of these programs have encountered local resistance. This study took place in a historically African American neighborhood in the Southern USA with a low tree canopy where residents expressed disinterest in replanting trees following a tree hazard removal campaign led by a local non-profit organization. Employing focus groups and interviews, we explored residents’ environmental attitudes and risk perceptions by asking about the risks and benefits of neighborhood trees and barriers to the enjoyment of them. The material and emotional bonds residents have with the neighborhood informed their preferences about trees and green space. Trees were often viewed as hazards and financial risks, although they were an integral part of residents’ identities for themselves and their community. The findings suggest that neglecting to look at diverse perceptions will challenge a city’s ability to communicate about the urban forest and, therefore, sustainably address disparities in tree benefits and problems.
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(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Forestry)
Open AccessArticle
Implications of the Progression to Sustainable Public Transportation: An Insight into Modern Jeepney Shift from the Philippines
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Tricia Mae T. Zulueta, Ardvin Kester S. Ong, Josephine D. German, Ma. Janice J. Gumasing and Jenn Christzel D. Chico
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3912; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103912 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
Modern jeepneys represent a notable step forward in the Philippines’ modernization efforts. However, there is a need for further study since this has caused a lot of criticism in the country, and no studies have established its service quality and the behavioral intentions
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Modern jeepneys represent a notable step forward in the Philippines’ modernization efforts. However, there is a need for further study since this has caused a lot of criticism in the country, and no studies have established its service quality and the behavioral intentions among passengers. This study assessed the factors influencing passengers’ intention to use modern jeepneys, employing a higher-order reflective construct using partial least square structural equation modeling. An online questionnaire gathered data from 502 commuters using modern jeepneys, employing convenience sampling for a diverse sample. Significant relationships (p-value < 0.05) were found between service quality (β: 0.559), attitude (β: 0.169), perceived behavioral control (β: 0.183), and behavioral intentions (β: 0.160), with assurance emerging as the most influential factor for higher-ordered constructs (β: 0.869). Meanwhile, satisfaction’s significant influence on behavioral intention was highest for lower-ordered constructs (β: 0.673). The study underscored the importance of building trust with passengers, prioritizing safety and security, and integrating modern jeepneys with traditional designs to enhance commuter experiences and promote modernized and sustainable transportation alternatives. It highlights the critical role of providing high-quality service in fostering positive intentions toward using modern jeepneys and its utilization. Despite the backlash of the majority on the redevelopment of traditional jeepneys, results presented that passengers are more inclined to use public transportation based on travel experiences rather than societal approval. The study offers theoretical and practical implications for future works and government organizations, transportation management, and modern jeepney manufacturers, emphasizing the importance of improving service quality.
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(This article belongs to the Collection Sustainability in Urban Transportation Planning)
Open AccessArticle
Toward Sustainable Global Product Development Performance: Exploring the Criticality of Organizational Factors and the Moderating Influence of Global Innovation Culture
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Razika Malek, Qing Yang and Sahraoui Dhelim
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3911; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103911 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
In today’s dynamic and global landscape, innovation and globalization are intricately linked drivers that propel modern businesses forward, serving as indispensable pillars upon which organizations heavily rely to maintain their competitive edge. Leveraging innovation within the context of global product development (GPD) practices
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In today’s dynamic and global landscape, innovation and globalization are intricately linked drivers that propel modern businesses forward, serving as indispensable pillars upon which organizations heavily rely to maintain their competitive edge. Leveraging innovation within the context of global product development (GPD) practices is imperative for organizations seeking to survive and effectively compete in the rapidly evolving marketplace. While preceding studies have primarily focused on the importance of individual and organizational capabilities, policies, and cultural factors in driving product development (PD) performance, they often overlook their interconnectedness within a global context. To address this gap, this study delves into the relationship between organizational factors and global product development performance (GPDP) while examining the moderating influence of global innovation culture (GIC). These organizational factors encompass technological innovation capabilities (TICs), team creativity (TC), dynamic capabilities (DCA), and competitive advantage (CA). Our hypothesis suggests a positive impact of these factors on GPD performance. Employing a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach through SMART-PLS 3, we analyzed data collected from 480 questionnaire forms distributed among registered global product development (GPD) organizations operating in China. The empirical findings underscore the significant influence of organizational factors on GPD performance, highlighting the critical role of global innovation culture in shaping these relationships. These insights shed light on the importance of establishing a harmonious balance between organizational culture and various factors to enhance interaction among organizational elements and optimize global product development performance. Ultimately, these efforts can lead to improvements in the overall effectiveness and sustained global product development.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation Management and Organizational Performance for Sustainable Future)
Open AccessReview
Innovation Helps with Sustainable Business, Law, and Digital Technologies: Economic Development and Dispute Resolution
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Shumin Wang, Yincheng Li and Muhammad Bilawal Khaskheli
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3910; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103910 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
This paper discusses the dispute resolution procedure that innovative digital commerce has adopted for the future for sustainable business. As digital trade becomes increasingly important for economic growth, trade-related disputes must be settled in both business and consumer situations. This study examines the
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This paper discusses the dispute resolution procedure that innovative digital commerce has adopted for the future for sustainable business. As digital trade becomes increasingly important for economic growth, trade-related disputes must be settled in both business and consumer situations. This study examines the advantages of using digital technology to resolve disputes involving digital trade and discusses how digital technology is changing traditional dispute resolution procedures. Conventional trade disputes differ from their digital counterparts because the digital sphere gives rise to more complex trade conflicts that require stronger regulatory resources. The utilization of digital technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, innovation-based models, digital strategies, and others can enhance the efficacy of conflict resolution. Digital technology can assist in resolving disputes with digital trade, even though procedural fairness issues including prejudice and algorithmic opacity may also arise. The research highlights the importance of developing innovative techniques to set up trade dispute resolution procedures and building legal frameworks for jurisdiction, trial, and enforcement procedures in addition to stressing the usage of digital technology.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability and Innovation in SMEs)
Open AccessArticle
Is Development Type a Determinant of College and Graduate Students’ Commute Time to School? The Case of Seoul Metropolitan Area
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Sai-Zu Wang and Chang-Gyu Choi
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3909; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103909 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
This study examines the impact of large-scale suburban new town development on the commuting time of college and graduate students in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. Household travel diary data from 2016 were analyzed to categorize residential areas and quantify the impacts on commute
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This study examines the impact of large-scale suburban new town development on the commuting time of college and graduate students in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. Household travel diary data from 2016 were analyzed to categorize residential areas and quantify the impacts on commute time to school. Multiple linear regression modeling is used to explore the relationships between development type, individual, and household characteristics and their impact on commute times. The results of the study show that students living in new urban areas have significantly longer commute times than those living in central Seoul, highlighting the differences that result from urban expansion policies targeting middle-class housing. These results suggest that the development of suburban new towns, which was intended to alleviate the housing shortage, has inadvertently lengthened the daily commute time of many students. Thus, a critical reassessment of suburban development strategies is needed to better balance the advantages of residential neighborhoods against the educational and living costs associated with increased travel time.
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Open AccessArticle
Adding External Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Internal Firm-Wide Smart Dynamic Warehousing Solutions
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John R. Hamilton, Stephen J. Maxwell, Syeda Arfa Ali and Singwhat Tee
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3908; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103908 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
This study advances knowledge in the AI field. It provides deep insight into current industry generative AI inclusion systems. It shows both literature and practical leading industry operations can link, overlap, and complement each other when it comes to AI and understanding its
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This study advances knowledge in the AI field. It provides deep insight into current industry generative AI inclusion systems. It shows both literature and practical leading industry operations can link, overlap, and complement each other when it comes to AI and understanding its complexities. It shows how to structurally model and link AI inclusions towards delivering a suitable sustainability positioning. It shows approaches to integrate external AI contributions from one firm into another firm’s intelligences developments. It shows how to track, and maybe benchmark, the progress of such AI inclusions from either an external or an integrated internal software developer perspective. It shows how to understand and create a more sustainable, AI-integrated business positioning. This study considers firm artificial intelligence (AI) and the inclusion of additional external software developer engineering as another AI related pathway to future firm or industry advancement. Several substantive industrial warehousing throughput areas are discussed. Amazon’s ‘smart dynamic warehousing’ necessitates both digital and generative ongoing AI system prowess. Amazon and other substantive, digitally focused industry warehousing operations also likely benefit from astute ongoing external software developer firm inclusions. This study causally, and stagewise, models significant global software development firms involved in generative AI systems developments—specifically ones designed to beneficially enhance both warehouse operational productivity and its ongoing sustainability. A structural equation model (SEM) approach offers unique perspectives through which substantive firms already using AI can now model and track/benchmark the relevance of their prospective or existing external software developer firms, and so create rapid internal ‘net-AI’ competencies incorporations and AI capabilities developments through to sustainable operational and performance outcomes solutions.
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Open AccessArticle
Investigating Post-Disaster Reconstruction since the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake: A Study on the Ōtsuchi-chō, Iwate Prefecture through Timelines
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Daqian Yang, Masaaki Minami, Kosuke Sato and Ashraf Uddin Fahim
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3907; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103907 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
Since the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, 13 years have passed, and many areas have completed post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, it is necessary to further summarise and analyse the experiences gained from this post-disaster reconstruction. This study conducted door-to-door interviews with residents of Ōtsuchi-chō,
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Since the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, 13 years have passed, and many areas have completed post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, it is necessary to further summarise and analyse the experiences gained from this post-disaster reconstruction. This study conducted door-to-door interviews with residents of Ōtsuchi-chō, Iwate Prefecture, in the 13 years following the earthquake. It recorded the residents’ perspectives on post-disaster reconstruction and its shortcomings. By collecting locally published materials like newspapers, and local government records and integrating them with interview records, the first “Great East Japan Earthquake Timeline” for Ōtsuchi-chō was compiled. We primarily divided this timeline into the following three phases: the disaster and early reconstruction period (2011), the mid-reconstruction period (2012–2015), and the late reconstruction period (2016–Present). This timeline has yielded the following results: firstly, some issues have arisen during this prolonged reconstruction process. For example, continuous relocation hinders community rebuilding, especially in the context of an ageing society. Secondly, the “Ōtsuchi-chō Reconstruction Timeline” was created, which can be used for post-disaster reconstruction in contemporary Japanese villages facing severe ageing. This timeline provides a clear understanding of how disaster-affected areas can rebuild housing and infrastructure, and recover economically. It offers guidance for the reconstruction of Japanese villages after a disaster. Therefore, post-disaster reconstruction in the region should accelerate infrastructure development and continuously listen to residents’ voices, providing corresponding services to make reconstruction comprehensive and specific. At the same time, it also contributes to the post-disaster reconstruction of villages in other developed countries.
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Open AccessReview
Research Hotspots and Trends of Nitrification Inhibitors: A Bibliometric Review from 2004–2023
by
Huai Shi, Guohong Liu and Qianqian Chen
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3906; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103906 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
Nitrification inhibitors are essential in agricultural and environmental production practices. They play a crucial role in promoting agricultural and environmental sustainability by enhancing nitrogen use efficiency, boosting crop yields, and mitigating the adverse environmental effects of nitrogen losses. This bibliometric analysis covers the
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Nitrification inhibitors are essential in agricultural and environmental production practices. They play a crucial role in promoting agricultural and environmental sustainability by enhancing nitrogen use efficiency, boosting crop yields, and mitigating the adverse environmental effects of nitrogen losses. This bibliometric analysis covers the period from 2004 to 2023, offering a detailed examination of the development of nitrification inhibitor research. The study demonstrates a consistent growth in research publications, indicating sustained interest and dedication to advancing the field. It identifies key contributors, such as institutions and researchers, and underscores the significance of their work through citation analysis. Keyword co-occurrence analysis reveals four distinct clusters focusing on enhancing crop yields, understanding microbial community dynamics, exploring grazing pasture applications, and addressing environmental impact mitigation. The cutting-edge area of keyword burst detection research has transitioned from fundamental research to comprehensive nitrogen management practices. This analysis provides insights into the current research landscape of nitrification inhibitors and proposes future research directions, underscoring the critical role of this field in tackling global agricultural and environmental challenges.
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Open AccessArticle
Flexible Energy Storage for Sustainable Load Leveling in Low-Voltage Electricity Distribution Grids with Prosumers
by
Ovidiu Ivanov, Mihai-Andrei Luca, Bogdan-Constantin Neagu, Gheorghe Grigoras and Mihai Gavrilas
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3905; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103905 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
The sustainability of the energy sector is linked today with the diminishing of the reliance on fossil fuels and on the large-scale adoption of renewable generation. Medium- and low-voltage electricity distribution grids see the proliferation of microgrids that supply consumers able to generate
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The sustainability of the energy sector is linked today with the diminishing of the reliance on fossil fuels and on the large-scale adoption of renewable generation. Medium- and low-voltage electricity distribution grids see the proliferation of microgrids that supply consumers able to generate electricity with local installations of PV panels. These consuming and generating entities, called prosumers, use the local generation for their own consumption needs and are exporting the surplus in the grid, modifying the typical steady state operation conditions. For mitigating this inconvenience, local storage equipment can be used, which also helps the prosumers to reduce their costs and preserve the sustainable operation of the distribution infrastructure. The literature shows that by optimally using storage in microgrids, the deterioration in quality and security of supply can be minimized in the presence of prosumers. This paper presents a study regarding local storage management in prosumer-enabled microgrids, seeking to find the optimal configuration of community (shared) storage systems that charge batteries overnight, during low consumption hours, providing load leveling opportunities and energy loss minimization. A study case performed on a real low-voltage electricity distribution network (LVEDN) shows the performance of the proposed optimization.
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(This article belongs to the Section Energy Sustainability)
Open AccessArticle
Applying the Precautionary Principle to Hidden Collapse
by
Rhett D. Martin and David B. Lindenmayer
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3904; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103904 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
There is growing evidence around the world of serious decline in biodiversity requiring urgent application of precautionary risk management. A better regulatory regime for precautionary management of long-term risk is now an urgent priority. This article addresses the prioritization of long-term risk management
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There is growing evidence around the world of serious decline in biodiversity requiring urgent application of precautionary risk management. A better regulatory regime for precautionary management of long-term risk is now an urgent priority. This article addresses the prioritization of long-term risk management by examining risk management of ecosystems that may be experiencing hidden collapse. Hidden collapse refers to the existence of environmental indicators indicative of future collapse of forests, even though the forest appears intact and not at risk of ecosystem collapse. Professor David Lindenmayer and Dr Chloe Sato (Lindenmayer) first identified hidden collapse in 2018 in Mountain Ash forests of Victoria, Australia. The risk of hidden collapse represents a long-term environmental threat and is a potential trigger for application of the precautionary principle (principle). Implicit in hidden collapse are two preconditions for application of the principle; the risk of a serious or irreversible environmental threat, and the existence of scientific uncertainty about the nature of the risk. Despite hidden collapse satisfying these essential preconditions for applying the principle, decision makers did not apply it in respect hidden collapse of Mountain Ash forests in Victoria. This article considers the current status of the principle in regulation and how it can be adjusted to address long term environmental risk.
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(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
Open AccessArticle
Experimental Study on the Evolutionary Law of Transient Saturation Zones in a Red Mud Dam under Rainfall Conditions
by
Shiqi Chang, Xiaoqiang Dong, Xiaofeng Liu, Haoru Zhang and Yinhao Huang
Sustainability 2024, 16(10), 3903; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16103903 - 07 May 2024
Abstract
Utilizing a laboratory model test, this study seeks to evaluate the distribution patterns of volumetric moisture content, soil pressure, and pore water pressure within the body of a red mud dam, given varying initial conditions of slope types and ratios, during continuous heavy
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Utilizing a laboratory model test, this study seeks to evaluate the distribution patterns of volumetric moisture content, soil pressure, and pore water pressure within the body of a red mud dam, given varying initial conditions of slope types and ratios, during continuous heavy rainfall. The objective is to investigate the failure mechanisms of a red mud dam under distinct operational conditions during rainfall, thereby offering insights for landslide prevention and ensuring dam construction quality. The results suggest that a stepped red mud dam acts as a buffer platform, altering the seepage direction within the dam and minimizing the water seepage path. When the slope ratio is 1:1, the transient saturated zone is located on the slope face of the dam’s body, near the top of the slope, with the saturation time at the first monitoring point occurring 300 s earlier than in a dam with a slope ratio of 1:2. Rainfall affects the distribution of internal forces in the red mud dam body. After rainfall, in the transient saturated zone of the stepped dam body, vertical soil pressure decreases 25% and horizontal soil pressure decreases 6.5%; in the transient saturated zone of the dam with a slope ratio of 1:1, vertical soil pressure decreases 14.8% and horizontal earth pressure decreases 29%; in the transient saturated zone of a dam with a slope ratio of 1:3, the change in soil pressure is small.
Full article
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