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Genetics and Breeding of Nut Crops and Other Fruit Crops
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Genetics and Breeding of Nut Crops and Other Fruit Crops

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2024) | Viewed by 4259

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Geza Bujdoso

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Guest Editor
Research Center for Fruit Growing, Institute for Horticultural Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Park tca 2., 1223 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: walnuts; phenology; breeding; evaluation of varieties; genetics; orchard systems; growing technologies; rootstock
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Breeding is one of the most important activities in having novel bred varieties to improve the value of grown fruit species. Improvements can be achieved in production safety, phenology, ripening time, fruit quality, compounds, resistance/tolerance to the most important biotic or abiotic factors, and consumer preference. During breeding activity, new values are always created.

Today, we can use different methods; these may be old or modern, but the aim is similar, nonetheless. For this Special Issue, we are looking for papers detailing this; moreover, papers on all fruit species are welcome. There is a preference for the submissions of papers on comparison studies, whereby different varieties from the same species are compared to one another from different perspectives. Indeed, breeding results constitute the core interest of researchers, growers, and nurseries, so the whole fruit sector is on the lookout for them.

Dr. Geza Bujdoso
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • breeding
  • fruit species
  • evaluation
  • genes
  • novelty
  • inner content values
  • value of the new variety

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1962 KiB  
Communication
Evaluating Self-Pollination Methods: Their Impact on Nut Set and Nutlet Abscission in Macadamia
by Palakdeep Kaur, Max Cowan, Joanne De Faveri, Mobashwer Alam and Bruce Topp
Plants 2024, 13(24), 3456; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13243456 - 10 Dec 2024
Viewed by 817
Abstract
Nut set is an important determinant of yield and plays a pivotal role in orchard profitability. The complex process of nut setting is governed by numerous factors, with pollination being a critical mechanism. Macadamia cultivars exhibit both self- and cross-pollination. Self-pollination may increase [...] Read more.
Nut set is an important determinant of yield and plays a pivotal role in orchard profitability. The complex process of nut setting is governed by numerous factors, with pollination being a critical mechanism. Macadamia cultivars exhibit both self- and cross-pollination. Self-pollination may increase nut set, so it is a trait of interest in breeding. This study investigated nut setting and nutlet abscission on four cultivars, ‘HAES 791’, ‘HAES 741’, ‘HAES 344’, and ‘A16’, using three controlled self-pollination methods: (i) autogamy (AG), entailing bagging before anthesis with no hand-pollination; (ii) geitonogamy 1 (GG1), bagging following hand-pollination using pollen from the same raceme; and (iii) geitonogamy 2 (GG2), bagging following hand-pollination using pollen from different racemes of the same cultivar. These self-pollination methods were compared against open-pollination (OP). ‘HAES 741’ and ‘HAES 791’ were partially self-fertile, while ‘HAES 344’ and ‘A16’ were self-infertile. Final nut sets per raceme for ‘HAES 741’ were 0.43 by AG, 0.65 by GG1, and 0.5 by GG2, and for ‘HAES 791’, they were 0.90 by AG, 1.25 by GG1, and 1.0 by GG2. Final nut set per raceme with OP was higher compared to self-pollination methods and ranged between 3.5–6.5. In self-fertile cultivars, nut set following the three self-pollination methods accounted for 6.5–3.7% of the nut set following OP, and nutlet abscission following self-pollination methods accounted for 20–50% of nutlet abscission following OP. No significant differences in nut set and nutlet abscission were observed among AG, GG1, and GG2. Results suggest that macadamia orchards planted with self-fertile cultivars would be less reliant on external pollinators or artificial pollination to achieve adequate yields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding of Nut Crops and Other Fruit Crops)
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15 pages, 1099 KiB  
Article
Genetic Variability in the Physicochemical Characteristics of Cultivated Coffea canephora Genotypes
by Hilton Lopes Junior, Rodrigo Barros Rocha, Alana Mara Kolln, Ramiciely Nunes de Paula Silva, Enrique Anastácio Alves, Alexsandro Lara Teixeira and Marcelo Curitiba Espíndula
Plants 2024, 13(19), 2780; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13192780 - 4 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1251
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic divergence and selection gains of the physicochemical grains traits of 68 genotypes of C. canephora most cultivated in the Western Amazon. For this purpose, the following characteristics were evaluated over two harvests: aqueous [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic divergence and selection gains of the physicochemical grains traits of 68 genotypes of C. canephora most cultivated in the Western Amazon. For this purpose, the following characteristics were evaluated over two harvests: aqueous extract, ash, acidity, pH, protein, ether extract, soluble solids, phenolic compounds, soluble sugars, reducing sugars, and non-reducing sugars. The genotype × measurement interaction effect was significant for all characteristics, with a predominant simple interaction, resulting in smaller changes in the ranking of genotypes. Out of a total of 45 genotypic correlation estimates, 8 were significant, of which 5 were related to acidity. The dispersion of the first two components associated with reference points shows that the genotypes BRS3193, AS1, AS2, AS3, N16, CA1, and AS7 were closest to the ideal type of higher performance. Selection for the main characteristic of soluble sugars resulted in estimates of genetic progress lower than those observed using selection indices. The genetic materials present high genetic diversity, allowing the selection of reference plants with high levels of sugars (BRS3193, AS3, GJ25, and LB30), proteins (BRS2357), lipids (GJ30), and phenolic compounds in their green beans (BRS3193) and high water solubility (AS2). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding of Nut Crops and Other Fruit Crops)
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13 pages, 804 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Different Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Varieties Based on Their Nutritional Values
by Lilla Szalóki-Dorkó, Pradeep Kumar, Dóra Székely, György Végvári, Gitta Ficzek, Gergely Simon, László Abrankó, Judit Tormási, Géza Bujdosó and Mónika Máté
Plants 2024, 13(15), 2097; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13152097 - 29 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1710
Abstract
Polyphenols, fatty acids, and mineral composition were studied in eight Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) samples: ‘Milotai 10’ (M10) and ‘Alsószentiváni 117’ (A117) Hungarian varieties derived from two Hungarian growing areas (Pálháza—P and Berzék—B), ‘Chernivets’ky 1’ from Ukraine, and ‘Chandler’ from the [...] Read more.
Polyphenols, fatty acids, and mineral composition were studied in eight Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) samples: ‘Milotai 10’ (M10) and ‘Alsószentiváni 117’ (A117) Hungarian varieties derived from two Hungarian growing areas (Pálháza—P and Berzék—B), ‘Chernivets’ky 1’ from Ukraine, and ‘Chandler’ from the United States of America, Chile, and Brazil purchased on the Hungarian consumer market. The aim was to reveal which walnut variety is the most suitable for consumption from a nutritive point of view. In comparison, both Hungarian varieties grown in Hungarian climatic conditions had on average approximately 33% more polyphenols, approximately 22% more SFAs (saturated fatty acids), and approximately 27% more MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids). Regarding the minerals, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sodium were present in higher concentrations in both Hungarian varieties. Among the Hungarian-bred varieties, M10 mainly reached a higher compounds content, but the effects of the fruit site conditions were not clearly detected. Other varieties contained mainly potassium, copper, and zinc, such as ‘Chandler’ harvested from Chile. ‘Chernivets’ky 1’, harvested from Ukraine, had outstanding cinnamic acid and linoleic acid contents compared to the other examined varieties. All ‘Chandler’ samples (mainly the American) contained 11% more PUFAs compared to the samples derived from Hungary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics and Breeding of Nut Crops and Other Fruit Crops)
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