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Pharmaceuticals
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Antioxidants in the Processes of Retarding Ageing
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Antioxidants in the Processes of Retarding Ageing

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2025) | Viewed by 10929

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mateusz Mołoń

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4 Street, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
Interests: aging; antioxidants; cell cycle regulation; cell death; longevity; yeast biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sabina Galiniak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: glycation; glycoxidative and oxidative damage; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aging is defined as progressive physiological changes in an organism that lead to senescence, or a decline in biological functions and in the organism’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress. Numerous hypotheses exist to explain the organismal, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that underlie aging. A recent study indicates that aging is caused by an accumulation of molecular damage, e.g., from reactive oxygen species. Thus, it becomes increasingly important to find compounds that have antioxidant properties to slow down the aging process. In this issue, we invite manuscripts examining the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of action of antioxidants on aging based on model organisms and human cell lines as a crucial biological resource. Studies based on yeast, fruit flies, worms, mice, and rats are welcome. Focused original research articles and review paper are both welcome.

Dr. Mateusz Mołoń
Dr. Sabina Galiniak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceuticals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aging
  • anti-aging medicine
  • antioxidant
  • model organisms
  • oxidative stress markers
  • reactive oxygen species

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 4056 KiB  
Article
Epigallocatechin Gallate in Camellia sinensis Ameliorates Skin Aging by Reducing Mitochondrial ROS Production
by Ji Ho Park, Eun Young Jeong, Ye Hyang Kim, So Yoon Cha, Ha Yeon Kim, Yeon Kyung Nam, Jin Seong Park, So Yeon Kim, Yoo Jin Lee, Jee Hee Yoon, Byeonghyeon So, Duyeol Kim, Minseon Kim, Youngjoo Byun, Yun Haeng Lee, Song Seok Shin and Joon Tae Park
Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18(5), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18050612 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondrial dysfunction damage cellular organelles and contribute to skin aging. Therefore, strategies to reduce mitochondrial ROS production are considered important for alleviating skin aging, but no effective methods have been identified. Methods: In this study, we [...] Read more.
Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondrial dysfunction damage cellular organelles and contribute to skin aging. Therefore, strategies to reduce mitochondrial ROS production are considered important for alleviating skin aging, but no effective methods have been identified. Methods: In this study, we evaluated substances utilized as cosmetic ingredients and discovered Camellia sinensis (C. sinensis) as a substance that reduces mitochondrial ROS levels. Results: C. sinensis extracts were found to act as senolytics that selectively kill senescent fibroblasts containing dysfunctional mitochondria. In addition, C. sinensis extracts facilitated efficient electron transport in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) by increasing the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), thereby reducing mitochondrial ROS production, a byproduct of the inefficient ETC. This novel mechanism of C. sinensis extracts led to the restoration of skin aging and the skin barrier. Furthermore, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was identified as an active ingredient that plays a key role in C. sinensis extract-mediated skin aging recovery. Indeed, similar to C. sinensis extracts, EGCG reduced ROS and improved skin aging in an artificial skin model. Conclusions: Our data uncovered a novel mechanism by which C. sinensis extract reverses skin aging by reducing mitochondrial ROS production via selective senescent cell death/increased OXPHOS efficiency. Our results suggest that C. sinensis extract or EGCG may be used as a therapeutic agent to reverse skin aging in clinical and cosmetic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in the Processes of Retarding Ageing)
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17 pages, 9467 KiB  
Article
Promising Anti-Wrinkle Applications of Aromatic Extracts of Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig via Antioxidation and Collagenase Inhibition
by Pattiya Tammasorn, Wannaree Charoensup, Anurak Bunrod, Watchara Kanjanakawinkul and Wantida Chaiyana
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(12), 1738; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16121738 - 17 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2996
Abstract
This study aimed to extract aromatic compounds from the rhizomes, leaf sheaths, and leaves of Hedychium coronarium and investigate their chemical compositions, cosmetic/cosmeceutical activities, and irritation potency. The chemical compositions were investigated via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities were evaluated via spectrophotometry. [...] Read more.
This study aimed to extract aromatic compounds from the rhizomes, leaf sheaths, and leaves of Hedychium coronarium and investigate their chemical compositions, cosmetic/cosmeceutical activities, and irritation potency. The chemical compositions were investigated via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activities were evaluated via spectrophotometry. The anti-skin wrinkle properties were investigated via collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibition. The irritation potency was observed via a hen’s egg–chorioallantoic membrane test. Eucalyptol was detected as a major component in the rhizomes and leaf sheaths, while β-caryophyllene was predominant in the leaves. The absolutes from the rhizomes were the strongest antioxidants, with ABTS scavenging properties similar to L-ascorbic acid. Interestingly, the equivalent concentration (EC1) of the absolute from the rhizome was 0.82 ± 0.01 µg FeSO4/g extract, which was significantly more potent than L-ascorbic acid (0.43 ± 0.03 µg FeSO4/g extract). The rhizome-derived absolute was the most effective against collagenase, while the concretes from the rhizomes and leaf sheaths showed promising anti-hyaluronidase activity with inhibitions of 90.5 ± 1.6% and 87.4 ± 5.1%, respectively. The irritability of the aromatic extracts was not different from that of the vehicle control, proving their safety. Therefore, the Hedychium coronarium rhizome-derived absolute was an attractive and potent antioxidant with anti-collagenase activities, indicating its potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in the Processes of Retarding Ageing)
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12 pages, 2413 KiB  
Article
SIRT1 Signaling Is Involved in the Vascular Improvement Induced by Moringa Oleifera Seeds during Aging
by Valeria Conti, Joseph Iharinjaka Randriamboavonjy, Herintsoa Rafatro, Valentina Manzo, Jessica Dal Col, Amelia Filippelli, Graziamaria Corbi and Angela Tesse
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(5), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16050761 - 18 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2534
Abstract
Vascular aging is linked to reduce NO bioavailability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We previously showed that a 4-week treatment of middle-aged Wistar rats (MAWRs, 46 weeks old) with Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOI, 750 mg/kg/day) improved vascular function. Here, we investigated [...] Read more.
Vascular aging is linked to reduce NO bioavailability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We previously showed that a 4-week treatment of middle-aged Wistar rats (MAWRs, 46 weeks old) with Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOI, 750 mg/kg/day) improved vascular function. Here, we investigated the involvement of SIRT1 in MOI-induced vascular improvement. MAWRs were treated with a standard or MOI-containing diet. Young rats (YWR, 16 weeks old) were the controls and received a standard diet. The hearts and aortas were harvested to evaluate SIRT1 and FOXO1 expression via Western blot and/or immunostaining, SIRT1 activity via a fluorometric assay, and oxidative stress using the DHE fluorescent probe. In the hearts and aortas, SIRT1 expression, reduced in MAWRs compared to YWRs, was enhanced in MOI MAWRs. In the hearts, SIRT1 activity did not differ between YWRs and MAWRs, whereas it was increased in MOI MAWRs compared with them. In the aortas, SIRT1 activity decreased in MAWRs, and it was similar in the MOI MAWRs and YWRs. FOXO1 expression increased in the nuclei of MAWR aortas compared to YWR and was reversed in MOI MAWRs. Interestingly, MOI treatment normalized oxidative stress enhanced in MAWRs, in both the heart and aorta. These results demonstrate the protective role of MOI against cardiovascular dysfunction due to aging via enhanced SIRT1 function and subsequently reduced oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in the Processes of Retarding Ageing)
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Review

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32 pages, 1477 KiB  
Review
Anti-Aging Potential of Avocado Oil via Its Antioxidant Effects
by Olin Torres-Isidro, Marcela González-Montoya, Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas, Ulises Florian-Rodriguez, Claudia Isabel García-Berumen, Rocío Montoya-Pérez, Alfredo Saavedra-Molina, Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés, Alain Raimundo Rodríguez-Orozco and Christian Cortés-Rojo
Pharmaceuticals 2025, 18(2), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18020246 - 12 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3659
Abstract
Aging is a process characterized by tissue degeneration, increased susceptibility to chronic degenerative diseases, infections, and the appearance of neoplasms, which leads to disability and a reduction in the length and quality of life. This phenomenon is the result of the convergence of [...] Read more.
Aging is a process characterized by tissue degeneration, increased susceptibility to chronic degenerative diseases, infections, and the appearance of neoplasms, which leads to disability and a reduction in the length and quality of life. This phenomenon is the result of the convergence of multiple processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, fibrosis, inflammation, dysregulation of cell death processes, and immunosenescence. These processes have as their point of convergence an increase in the production of ROS. Avocado oil (Persea americana Mill.) contains a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including oleic acid, phytosterols, chlorophylls, xanthones, xanthines, and carotenoids. These bioactive compounds have the capacity to modulate the excessive production of ROS, thereby reducing the progression of age-related diseases and extending lifespan in experimental models of aging. In addition, several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of avocado oil in mitigating age-related diseases, including hypertension; insulin resistance; diabetes; non-alcoholic liver disease; and degenerative processes such as hearing loss, cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, and impaired wound healing. In light of these findings, it is hypothesized that avocado oil is a promising agent capable of promoting healthspan in later stages of life owing to its direct antioxidant actions and the activation of pathways that enhance endogenous antioxidant levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in the Processes of Retarding Ageing)
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