Nutritional Recommendations for Chronic Kidney Disease: Principal Mechanisms and New Approaches

Dear Colleagues,

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising on a global scale. Patients with CKD lose the ability to excrete solutes and maintain homeostasis because of the particular role the kidney plays in the metabolism of nutrients. It is critical to adjust dietary intake and monitor nutritional status in this population as this can have a significant impact on important health outcomes such as the development of renal failure, quality of life, morbidity and death. The updated guidelines from The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) suggest a focused attention on nutritional assessment and medical nutrition therapy as well as monitoring the dietary protein, energy intake, nutritional supplementation, micronutrients and electrolytes of CKD patients.

In fact, these patients may exhibit dysregulation in fluid electrolyte and pH balance, blood pressure control, micronutrients, waste and toxin elimination, vitamin D metabolism and hormone regulation. This can lead to a major risk of oedema, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, chronic metabolic acidosis, bone loss and high blood pressure. Patients with CKD may experience fewer symptoms and a slower progression of the condition if their protein, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and calcium levels are monitored.

The relevance of diet in preventing kidney disease and its advancement is still strongly supported by the available data, and medical nutrition therapy with a certified dietitian and a multidisciplinary approach are key components of treatment for CKD.

The aim of this Special Issue is to contribute to the development of the body of knowledge on the principal mechanisms of and new approaches to nutritional strategies for CKD.

Dr. Guido Gembillo
Dr. Luca Soraci
Guest Editors

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• chronic kidney disease
• Mediterranean diet
• vitamin D
• parathormone
• hyperphosphatemia
• diabetic kidney disease
• hyperkalemia
• metabolic acidosis
• hemodialysis
• hypertension