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Special Issue "Sample Preparation-Quo Vadis: Current Status of Sample Preparation Approaches-3rd Edition"

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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Analytical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 4972

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Prof. Dr. Victoria Samanidou

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Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: analytical chemistry; sample preparation; chromatography; HPLC; method validation; method development; separation science; food analysis; bioanalysis; environmental analysis; green analytical chemistry; sorptive extraction; microextraction techniques
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Prof. Dr. Irene Panderi

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Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
Interests: pharmaceutical analysis; analytical chemistry; analytical methods; drug analysis, metabolites; bioactive compounds; pharmaceuticals; cosmeceuticals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sample preparation is and will always be the most important step in chemical analysis. Numerous techniques, methods, methodologies, and approaches are published in the literature, offering a wide range of analytical tools to the lab practitioner. Analytical scientists all over the world try to develop protocols for a plethora of analytes in various sample matrices. In the past decade, advances in sample pre-treatment have followed the demand for green chemistry and green analytical chemistry, focusing on miniaturization and automation, using the least possible amount of organic solvents. The question is, how far have we come, and what are the future perspectives? Analytical chemists are invited to share their experience in the field and report on recent advances in sample preparation approaches.

Prof. Dr. Victoria Samanidou
Prof. Dr. Irene Panderi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

sample preparation
sample pretreatment
extraction techniques
microextraction techniques
green analytical chemistry
miniaturization
automated techniques

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2399 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Using a Simple Magnetic Adsorbent for the Preconcentration and Determination of Ga(III) and In(III) by Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Yesica Vicente-Martínez

María José Muñoz-Sandoval

Manuel Hernández-Córdoba

and

Ignacio López-García

Molecules 2023, 28(6), 2549; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062549 - 10 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 741

Abstract

A solid-phase dispersive microextraction procedure has been developed using ferrite (Fe₃O₄), an inexpensive magnetic material, as an adsorbent for the separation and subsequent determination of Ga(III) and In(III). The ions were removed from an aqueous solution by adsorption on Fe₃O₄, which was next easily collected from the medium by the action of a magnet. The analytes were then desorbed using 50 µL of 2 M NaOH or 50 µL of a 4:1 mixture of 0.1 M EDTA and 2 M HNO₃ for the determination of Ga(III) or In(III), respectively. The level of the elements in the desorption phase was measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) by injecting 10 µL of this phase into the atomizer. The enrichment factor was 163, and detection limits of 0.02 and 0.01 µg L⁻¹ were achieved for Ga(III) and In(III), respectively. The reliability of the procedure has been verified by means of standard reference materials and by means of standard additions. Results are given for waters, soils and samples obtained from various electronic devices. It is of note that the procedure could be the basis for a useful way of recovering these valuable elements from different matrices for reuse. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sample Preparation-Quo Vadis: Current Status of Sample Preparation Approaches-3rd Edition)

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14 pages, 1661 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Autoxidation Kinetics of Tetrahydrobiopterin—Giving Quinonoid Dihydrobiopterin the Consideration It Deserves

Emmanuel Flamand-Roze

Bruno Baudin

Marie-Claude Menet

and

Fathi Moussa

Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1267; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031267 - 28 Jan 2023

Viewed by 1171

Abstract

In humans, tetrahydrobiopterin (H4Bip) is the cofactor of several essential hydroxylation reactions which dysfunction cause very serious diseases at any age. Hence, the determination of pterins in biological media is of outmost importance in the diagnosis and monitoring of H4Bip deficiency. More than half a century after the discovery of the physiological role of H4Bip and the recent advent of gene therapy for dopamine and serotonin disorders linked to H4Bip deficiency, the quantification of quinonoid dihydrobiopterin (qH2Bip), the transient intermediate of H4Bip, has not been considered yet. This is mainly due to its short half-life, which goes from 0.9 to 5 min according to previous studies. Based on our recent disclosure of the specific MS/MS transition of qH2Bip, here, we developed an efficient HPLC-MS/MS method to achieve the separation of qH2Bip from H4Bip and other oxidation products in less than 3.5 min. The application of this method to the investigation of H4Bip autoxidation kinetics clearly shows that qH2Bip’s half-life is much longer than previously reported, and mostly longer than that of H4Bip, irrespective of the considered experimental conditions. These findings definitely confirm that an accurate method of H4Bip analysis should include the quantification of qH2Bip. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sample Preparation-Quo Vadis: Current Status of Sample Preparation Approaches-3rd Edition)

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10 pages, 1638 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Simple High-Throughput Field Sample Preparation Method Based on Matrix-Induced Sugaring-Out for the Simultaneous Determination of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Phenolic Compounds in Honey

and

Molecules 2022, 27(23), 8373; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238373 - 30 Nov 2022

Viewed by 1112

Abstract

In the present work, a high-throughput field sample preparation method was reported for the simultaneous determination of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and phenolic compounds in honey. Combining a simple and green homogenous liquid–liquid extraction, matrix-induced sugaring-out, with the use of a 96-deepwell plate and multichannel pipette, the proposed method showed its merits in instrument-free and high-throughput preparation. Due to the high-throughput property, the parameters of the method were rapidly and systematically studied using a constructed 4 × 2 × 4 × 3 array (sample amount × ratio of ACN:H₂O × standing time × replicates) in a 96-deepwell plate. Analytical performance was fully validated, and the limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.17–1.35 μg/g and 0.51–4.14 μg/g, respectively. Recoveries were between 83.98 and 117.11%, and all the precisions were <5%. Furthermore, the developed method was successfully applied in the outdoor preparation of commercial honey samples and the in-field preparation of raw honey samples in apiary. The current work presented a simple, rapid, and high-throughput method for the field sample preparation of honey and provides a valuable strategy for the design of field and on-site sample preparation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sample Preparation-Quo Vadis: Current Status of Sample Preparation Approaches-3rd Edition)

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18 pages, 2935 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Separation and Purification of Two Saponins from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis by a Macroporous Resin

and

Molecules 2022, 27(19), 6626; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196626 - 06 Oct 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1393

Abstract

An effective method for separating and purifying critical saponins (polyphyllin II and polyphyllin VII) from a Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis extract was developed in this study which was environmentally friendly and economical. Static adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics, and the dynamic adsorption-desorption of macroporous resins were investigated, and then the conditions of purification and separation were optimized by fitting with an adsorption thermodynamics equation and a kinetic equation. Effective NKA-9 resin from seven macroporous resins was screened out to separate and purify the two saponins. The static adsorption and dynamic adsorption were chemical and physical adsorption dual-processes on the NKA-9 resin. Under the optimum parameters, the contents of polyphyllin II and polyphyllin VII in the product were 17.3-fold and 28.6-fold those in plant extracts, respectively. The total yields of the two saponins were 93.16%. This research thus provides a theoretical foundation for the large-scale industrial production of the natural drugs polyphyllin II and polyphyllin VII. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sample Preparation-Quo Vadis: Current Status of Sample Preparation Approaches-3rd Edition)

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