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Molecules
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Biobased Adhesives for Composite Materials
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Biobased Adhesives for Composite Materials

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 21934

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eduardo Robles

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CNRS, Institute of Analytical and Physicochemical Sciences for the Environment and Materials (IPREM-UMR 5254), University of Pau and the Adour Region, 371 Rue du Ruisseau, 40004 Mont de Marsan, France
Interests: nanocellulose; nanolignin; biopolymers; biomaterials; composites; surface modification; wood-based materials; composite panels
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Bertrand Charrier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
University of Pau and the Adour Region, CNRS, Institute of Analytical and Physicochemical Sciences for the Environment and Materials (IPREM-UMR 5254), 371 Rue du Ruisseau, 40004 Mont de Marsan, France
Interests: wood; wood-based materials; natural fibers; composites; chemical analysis; biopolymers; biological durability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Grzegorz Kowaluk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: analysis and modification of technology of wood-based composites; layered, particle, and fibrous wood-based materials characterization; biomass conversion and upcycling; biopolymers; regenerated cellulose; nanoparticles; biobased materials; forestry, wood, agricultural, and plant residues
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biobased composites are one of the most studied materials worldwide, especially in the wood-derived materials industry. For such materials, the most common adhesives used are formaldehyde-based, comprehensive urea–formaldehyde (UF) resins, phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resins, and melamine urea–formaldehyde (MUF) resins, among others, representing one of the most critical consumers of formaldehyde worldwide and almost the totality of wood-based boards. Applied research is one of the main actors involved in transforming the current industry into a formaldehyde-free wood panel industry, which can be addressed by using biobased adhesives to partially or entirely substitute the use of formaldehyde and its derivatives as bonding agents in wood-based panels.

You are kindly invited to contribute interdisciplinary and original research articles and review articles focused on developing partially or totally formaldehyde-free adhesives, with a particular aim in biobased adhesives. Potential topics include but are not limited to the use of alternative phenolic compounds (lignins, tannins), the use of additives of renewable origin (lignocellulosic biomass, blue biomass, biobased polymers), as well as the development of techniques to analyze and validate the performance of such materials.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Materials.

Dr. Eduardo Robles
Prof. Bertrand Charrier
Dr. Grzegorz Kowaluk
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 2569 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Starch as an Environmental-Friendly Bioresource for the Development of Wood Bioadhesives
by Ana Arias, Gumersindo Feijoo and María Teresa Moreira
Molecules 2021, 26(15), 4526; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154526 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3849
Abstract
The environment is a very complex and fragile system in which multiple factors of different nature play an important role. Pollution, together with resource consumption, is one of the main causes of the environmental problems currently affecting the planet. In the search for [...] Read more.
The environment is a very complex and fragile system in which multiple factors of different nature play an important role. Pollution, together with resource consumption, is one of the main causes of the environmental problems currently affecting the planet. In the search for alternative production processes, the use of renewable resources seeks a way to satisfy the demands of resource consumption based on the premises of lower environment impact and less damage to human health. In the wood sector, the panel manufacturing process is based on the use of formaldehyde-based resins. However, their poor moisture resistance leads to hydrolysis of amino-methylene bonds, which induces formaldehyde emissions throughout the lifetime of the wood panel. This manuscript investigates the environmental profile associated with different wood bioadhesives based on starch functionalization as a renewable alternative to formaldehyde resins. Considering that this is a process under development, the conceptual design of the full-scale process will be addressed by process modeling and the environmental profile will be assessed using life cycle assessment methodology. A comparative study with synthetic resins will provide useful information for modify their development to become real alternatives in the wood-based panel industry. The results obtained show the enormous potential of starch bioadhesives, as their environmental impact values are lower compared to those based on petrochemicals. However, certain improvements in the energy process requirements and in the chemical agents used could be developed to provide even better results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biobased Adhesives for Composite Materials)
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Review

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22 pages, 1248 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances on the Development of Protein-Based Adhesives for Wood Composite Materials—A Review
by Nidal Del Valle Raydan, Leo Leroyer, Bertrand Charrier and Eduardo Robles
Molecules 2021, 26(24), 7617; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247617 - 15 Dec 2021
Cited by 56 | Viewed by 8430
Abstract
The industrial market depends intensely on wood-based composites for buildings, furniture, and construction, involving significant developments in wood glues since 80% of wood-based products use adhesives. Although biobased glues have been used for many years, notably proteins, they were replaced by synthetic ones [...] Read more.
The industrial market depends intensely on wood-based composites for buildings, furniture, and construction, involving significant developments in wood glues since 80% of wood-based products use adhesives. Although biobased glues have been used for many years, notably proteins, they were replaced by synthetic ones at the beginning of the 20th century, mainly due to their better moisture resistance. Currently, most wood adhesives are based on petroleum-derived products, especially formaldehyde resins commonly used in the particleboard industry due to their high adhesive performance. However, formaldehyde has been subjected to strong regulation, and projections aim for further restrictions within wood-based panels from the European market, due to its harmful emissions. From this perspective, concerns about environmental footprint and the toxicity of these formulations have prompted researchers to re-investigate the utilization of biobased materials to formulate safer alternatives. In this regard, proteins have sparked a new and growing interest in the potential development of industrial adhesives for wood due to their advantages, such as lower toxicity, renewable sourcing, and reduced environmental footprint. This work presents the recent developments in the use of proteins to formulate new wood adhesives. Herein, it includes the historical development of wood adhesives, adhesion mechanism, and the current hotspots and recent progress of potential proteinaceous feedstock resources for adhesive preparation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biobased Adhesives for Composite Materials)
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15 pages, 321 KiB  
Review
Lignin and Lignin-Derived Compounds for Wood Applications—A Review
by Johannes Karthäuser, Vladimirs Biziks, Carsten Mai and Holger Militz
Molecules 2021, 26(9), 2533; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092533 - 26 Apr 2021
Cited by 86 | Viewed by 8868
Abstract
Improving the environmental performance of resins in wood treatment by using renewable chemicals has been a topic of interest for a long time. At the same time, lignin, the second most abundant biomass on earth, is produced in large scale as a side [...] Read more.
Improving the environmental performance of resins in wood treatment by using renewable chemicals has been a topic of interest for a long time. At the same time, lignin, the second most abundant biomass on earth, is produced in large scale as a side product and mainly used energetically. The use of lignin in wood adhesives or for wood modification has received a lot of scientific attention. Despite this, there are only few lignin-derived wood products commercially available. This review provides a summary of the research on lignin application in wood adhesives, as well as for wood modification. The research on the use of uncleaved lignin and of cleavage products of lignin is reviewed. Finally, the current state of the art of commercialization of lignin-derived wood products is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biobased Adhesives for Composite Materials)
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