Metals

Research

Jump to: Other

16 pages, 5630 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment the Partial Welding Influences on Fatigue Life of S700MC Steel Fillet Welds

by Jaromir Moravec, Jiri Sobotka, Iva Novakova and Sarka Bukovska

Metals 2021, 11(2), 334; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020334 - 16 Feb 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3348

Abstract

Fine-grained steels belonging to the HSLA group (High-Strength Low-Alloy steels) of steels are becoming increasingly popular and are used in both statically and dynamically stressed structures. Due to the method of their production, and thus also the method use to obtain the required [...] Read more.

Fine-grained steels belonging to the HSLA group (High-Strength Low-Alloy steels) of steels are becoming increasingly popular and are used in both statically and dynamically stressed structures. Due to the method of their production, and thus also the method use to obtain the required mechanical properties, it is really necessary to limit the heat input values for these steels during welding. When applying temperature cycles, HSLA steels in highly heated heat-affected zones (HAZ) reveal intensive grain coarsening and also softening behaviour. This subsequently results in changes in both mechanical and brittle-fracture properties, and the fatigue life of welded joints. While grain coarsening and structure softening have a major effect on the change of strength properties and KCV (Charpy V-notch impact toughness) values of statically stressed welded joints, the effect of these changes on the fatigue life of cyclically stressed welded joints has not yet been quantified. The paper is therefore conceived so as to make it possible to assess and determine the percentage impact of individual aspects of the welding process on changes in their fatigue life. To be more specific, the partial effects of angular deformation, changes that occur in the HAZ of weld, and the notch effect due to weld geometry are assessed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 8086 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Heat Input Influence on the Fatigue Life of Welds from Steel S460MC

by Jaromir Moravec, Jiri Sobotka, Pavel Solfronk and Robin Thakral

Metals 2020, 10(10), 1288; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10101288 - 25 Sep 2020

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3131

Abstract

Fine-grained steels belong to the progressive materials, which are increasingly used in the production of welded structures subjected to both static and dynamic loads. These are unalloyed or microalloyed steels hardened mainly by the grain-boundary strengthening mechanism. Such steels require specific welding procedures, [...] Read more.

Fine-grained steels belong to the progressive materials, which are increasingly used in the production of welded structures subjected to both static and dynamic loads. These are unalloyed or microalloyed steels hardened mainly by the grain-boundary strengthening mechanism. Such steels require specific welding procedures, especially in terms of the heat input value. At present, there are studies of the welding influence on the change of thermomechanically processed steels’ mechanical properties, however mainly under static loading. The paper is therefore focused on the assessment of the welding effect under dynamic loading of welded joints. In the experimental part was determined the influence of five different heat input values on the change of weld fatigue life. As a result, there is both determination of five S-N curves for the double-sided fillet welds from the thermomechanically processed fine-grained steel S460MC and the quantification of the main influences reducing the fatigue life of the joint. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 5202 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Residual Stresses on the Fatigue Behaviour of Torsion Bars

by Vinko Močilnik, Nenad Gubeljak and Jožef Predan

Metals 2020, 10(8), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10081056 - 5 Aug 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4831

Abstract

This article deals with the effect of residual stresses on the fatigue behaviour of torsion bars exposed to cyclic torsional loading with different effective loading ratios, R. The residual compressive stresses on the surface were induced during technological processes by cold surface rolling [...] Read more.

This article deals with the effect of residual stresses on the fatigue behaviour of torsion bars exposed to cyclic torsional loading with different effective loading ratios, R. The residual compressive stresses on the surface were induced during technological processes by cold surface rolling and torsional overloading (presetting) into the plastic region due to the increase in the elastic linear range for torque. In the paper, we consider two different technological processes for introducing compressive residual stress on the surface of same material. We analysed the stress states affected by different residual and applied stress using the Drucker-Prager criterion in order to determine the actual stress state. Results show that the fatigue limit can be achieved if the maximum principal stresses (combined from residual and applied stresses) do not overcome the safe stress zone. As soon as the maximum principal stress reaches the edge of the safe zone, the number of cycles to failure rapidly reduces. Experimental results show that the effective loading ratio R_eff, and consequently the stress amplitude, varies through the cross section of the bar. This initiates the fatigue crack under the surface, in the highest amplitude stress zone, independent of the effective loading ratio R_eff. Consequently, increasing the compressive residual stresses on the surface by a second technological process has no significant effect on fatigue crack initiation in situ far from the surface. Increasing the plastic torsional prestress can shift the maximum stress amplitude far from the surface, but a significant volume of material should remain elastically loaded in order to ensure balance with compressive stresses from the surface of the solid bar section. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 1568 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Newly Discovered Relation between the Critical Resolved Shear Stress and the Fatigue Endurance Limit for Metallic Materials

by Marijo Mlikota and Siegfried Schmauder

Metals 2020, 10(6), 803; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060803 - 17 Jun 2020

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3297

Abstract

The paper introduces a valuable new description of fatigue strength in relation to material properties and thus a new perspective on the overall understanding of the fatigue process. Namely, a relation between the endurance limits and the accompanying values of the critical resolved [...] Read more.

The paper introduces a valuable new description of fatigue strength in relation to material properties and thus a new perspective on the overall understanding of the fatigue process. Namely, a relation between the endurance limits and the accompanying values of the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for various metallic materials has been discovered by means of a multiscale approach for fatigue simulation. Based on the uniqueness of the relation, there is a strong indication that it is feasible to relate the endurance limit to the CRSS and not to the ultimate strength, as often done in the past. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

18 pages, 6325 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Fatigue Design of Dental Implant Assemblies: A Nominal Stress Approach

by Mikel Armentia, Mikel Abasolo, Ibai Coria and Joseba Albizuri

Metals 2020, 10(6), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060744 - 3 Jun 2020

Cited by 26 | Viewed by 6987

Abstract

Fatigue is the most common mechanical failure type in dental implants. ISO 14801 standardizes fatigue testing of dental implants, providing the load-life curve which is most useful for comparing the fatigue behavior of different dental implant designs. Based on it, many works were [...] Read more.

Fatigue is the most common mechanical failure type in dental implants. ISO 14801 standardizes fatigue testing of dental implants, providing the load-life curve which is most useful for comparing the fatigue behavior of different dental implant designs. Based on it, many works were published in the dental implant literature, comparing different materials, component geometries, connection types, surface treatments, etc. These works are useful for clinicians in order to identify the best options available in the market. The present work is intended not for clinicians but for dental implant manufacturers, developing a design tool that combines Finite Element Analysis, fatigue formulation and ISO 14801 experimental tests. For that purpose, 46 experimental tests were performed on BTI INTERNA^® IIPSCA4513 implants joined with INPPTU44 abutments by means of INTTUH prosthetic screws under three different tightening torque magnitudes. Then, the load case was reproduced in a FE model from where the nominal stress state in the fatigue critical section was worked out. Finally, Walker criterion was used to represent accurately the effects of mean stress and predict fatigue life of the studied dental implant assembly, which can be extended to most of the products of BTI manufacturer. By means of this tool, dental implant manufacturers will be able to identify the critical design and assembly parameters in terms of fatigue behavior, evaluate their influence in preliminary design stages and consequently design dental implants with significantly better fatigue response which in turn will reduce future clinical incidences. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 3359 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Corrosion-Fatigue Analysis of High-Strength Steel Wire by Experiment and the Numerical Simulation

by Songling Xue and Ruili Shen

Metals 2020, 10(6), 734; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060734 - 2 Jun 2020

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4569 | Correction

Abstract

The paper takes the corrosion fatigue damage of cable or sling in the actual bridge as a starting point. The high-strength steel wire is chosen as the basic component to study the corrosion fatigue failure mode. The service life prediction model is put [...] Read more.

The paper takes the corrosion fatigue damage of cable or sling in the actual bridge as a starting point. The high-strength steel wire is chosen as the basic component to study the corrosion fatigue failure mode. The service life prediction model is put forward, which provides a basis for future research. In this paper, the S-N curves of the steel wire with the different corrosion degrees are given through fatigue tests of six groups of steel wire under different corrosion conditions. The results show that the higher the corrosion degree, the steeper the S-N curve, and the fatigue life considering corrosion are much lower than that without considering corrosion. Finally, a fatigue life prediction model considering the coupling effect of corrosion fatigue is proposed and embedded into Abaqus v6.14 (Dassault, Paris, French). The calculation results show that the fatigue model considering the corrosion can predict the service life to some extent. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

28 pages, 22965 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Notch Stress Intensity Factor (NSIF)-Based Fatigue Design to Assess Cast Steel Porosity and Related Artificially Generated Imperfections

by Manuel Schuscha, Michael Horvath, Martin Leitner and Michael Stoschka

Metals 2019, 9(10), 1097; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101097 - 11 Oct 2019

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4618

Abstract

Shrinkage porosities and non-metallic inclusions are common manufacturing process based defects that are present within cast materials. Conventional fatigue design recommendations, such as the FKM guideline (“Forschungskuratorium Maschinenbau”), therefore propose general safety factors for the fatigue assessment of cast structures. In fact, these [...] Read more.

Shrinkage porosities and non-metallic inclusions are common manufacturing process based defects that are present within cast materials. Conventional fatigue design recommendations, such as the FKM guideline (“Forschungskuratorium Maschinenbau”), therefore propose general safety factors for the fatigue assessment of cast structures. In fact, these factors mostly lead to oversized components and do not facilitate a lightweight design process. In this work, the effect of shrinkage porosities on the fatigue strength of defect-afflicted large-scale specimens manufactured from the cast steel G21Mn5 is studied by means of a notch stress intensity factor-based (NSIF-based) generalized Kitagawa diagram. Additionally, the mean stress sensitivity of the material is taken into account and establishes a load stress ratio enhanced diagram. Thereby, the fatigue assessment approach is performed by utilizing the defects sizes taken either from the fracture surface of the tested specimens or from non-destructive X-ray investigations. Additionally, a numerical algorithm invoking cellular automata, which enables the generation of artificial defects, is presented. Conclusively, a comparison to the results of the experimental investigations reveals a sound agreement to the generated spatial pore geometries. To sum up, the generalized Kitagawa diagram, as well as a concept utilizing artificially generated defects, is capable of assessing the local fatigue limit of cast steel G21Mn5 components and features the mapping of imperfection grades to their corresponding fatigue strength limit. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Limit of Metals)

► Show Figures