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Corrosion and Protection of Lightweight Engineering Materials: Mg Alloys, Al...
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Corrosion and Protection of Lightweight Engineering Materials: Mg Alloys, Al Alloys, Ti Alloys and Other Related Metals—2nd Edition

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion and Protection".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 May 2025 | Viewed by 6517

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guosong Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
Interests: coatings; surface modification; corrosion; plasma-related technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jiapeng Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: additive manufacturing (3D printing); mechanical and corrosion behavior of light alloys; surface science and engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Hao Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Materials and Equipment in Harsh Marine Environment & School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou 510725, China
Interests: corrosion protection; magnesium alloys; surface engineering; coating technology; plasma surface modification; electrochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnesium alloys, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and other related lightweight engineering materials are commonly used in the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries, as well as in biomedical fields. Currently, it is also well known that their undesirable corrosion resistance in most service environments hinders their industrial applications. Therefore, understanding the different corrosion mechanisms of these lightweight engineering materials in different working environments and developing associated methods for their corrosion protection is imperative.

This Special Issue aims to provide an open platform for metallurgists, materials scientists, and engineers to share and disseminate recent research advances on the corrosion and protection of lightweight engineering materials. The potential topics of this Special Issue are diverse, encompassing alloying, processing, surface treatment, and electrochemical protection. It welcomes both experimental and theoretical studies and accepts original research and review articles.

Prof. Dr. Guosong Wu
Dr. Jiapeng Sun
Dr. Hao Wu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • magnesium
  • aluminum
  • titanium
  • corrosion
  • surface treatment
  • coating
  • oxidation

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5045 KiB  
Article
Cathodic Electrodeposition of Cerium-Based Conversion Coatings Using Deep Eutectic Solvents Formulations for Corrosion Protection of AA7075 Aluminum Alloys
by Aurora Petica, Stefania Costovici, Adrian-Cristian Manea, Anca Cojocaru, Calin Constantin Moise, Sabrina State, Liana Anicai and Marius Enachescu
Metals 2025, 15(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15010020 - 30 Dec 2024
Viewed by 777
Abstract
The paper presents a new approach towards forming Ce-based nanostructures using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as new green solvents and large-scale media for the chemical and electrochemical synthesis of advanced functional surfaces and nanomaterials. Some experimental results regarding the cathodic electrodeposition of cerium-based [...] Read more.
The paper presents a new approach towards forming Ce-based nanostructures using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as new green solvents and large-scale media for the chemical and electrochemical synthesis of advanced functional surfaces and nanomaterials. Some experimental results regarding the cathodic electrodeposition of cerium-based conversion coatings onto AA7075 aluminum alloys involving different DES-based formulations are discussed. Electrolytes containing Ce(NO3)3·6H2O dissolved in choline chloride-glycerine and choline chloride-urea (1:2 molar ratio) eutectic mixtures with additions of H2O2 have been proposed and investigated. The influence of the operating parameters, including the applied current density, process duration and temperature on the quality of the formed Ce-containing conversion layers was studied. Adherent and uniform Ce-based conversion layers containing 0.3–5 wt.%. Ce have been obtained onto Al alloy substrates. Higher values of the applied current density and longer process durations led to higher Ce content when a choline chloride-urea eutectic mixture was used. Several accelerated corrosion tests were performed to evaluate the corrosion performance, respectively: (i) continuous immersion in 0.5 M NaCl for 720 h with intermediary visual examinations, recording of (ii) potentiodynamic polarization curves and of (iii) impedance spectra at open circuit potential in 0.5 M NaCl, as well as (iv) salt mist test for 240 h. The influence of an additional post-treatment step consisting in the electrochemical deposition of a hydrophobic Ce-based layer involving ethanolic solutions of stearic acid and cerium nitrate is also considered. Different corrosion performances are discussed, taking into account the used DES-based systems and electrodeposition parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Lightweight Engineering Materials: Mg Alloys, Al Alloys, Ti Alloys and Other Related Metals—2nd Edition)
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19 pages, 76396 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characterization of Duplex PEO/UV-Curable Powder Coating on AZ91 Magnesium Alloys
by Łukasz Florczak, Katarzyna Pojnar, Barbara Kościelniak and Barbara Pilch-Pitera
Metals 2024, 14(6), 733; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14060733 - 20 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1504
Abstract
Magnesium alloys, because of their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, are increasingly used in many industries. When used in external elements, the key factor is to provide adequate anticorrosion protection. High-temperature, cured-powder coatings are widely used to protect most metals, but their use on magnesium [...] Read more.
Magnesium alloys, because of their excellent strength-to-weight ratio, are increasingly used in many industries. When used in external elements, the key factor is to provide adequate anticorrosion protection. High-temperature, cured-powder coatings are widely used to protect most metals, but their use on magnesium alloys is difficult as a result of the instability of the magnesium substrate at elevated temperatures. Another problem is ensuring the proper adhesion of the organic coating to the magnesium substrate. This paper presents the procedure for the synthesis of a duplex coating on AZ91 magnesium alloy. The topcoat was a powder coating based on acrylic resin, the main ingredient of which was glycidyl methacrylate. Because of the presence of epoxy groups, the coating was cured using ultraviolet (UV) radiation (low-temperature technology). The conversion subcoating was produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in an alkaline silicate electrolyte. The synthesized coating system was tested, among others, for microscopic (SEM), adhesive (mesh of cuts), and anticorrosion (EIS). The duplex PEO/UV-curable powder coating showed very good adhesion to the metal and increased the anticorrosion properties of the magnesium substrate, compared to the powder coating produced directly on the magnesium alloy and on an alternative conversion coating (synthesized in the process of chemical zircon phosphating). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Lightweight Engineering Materials: Mg Alloys, Al Alloys, Ti Alloys and Other Related Metals—2nd Edition)
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19 pages, 6759 KiB  
Article
Biocompatibility and Corrosion Resistance of Si/ZrO2 Bioceramic Coating on AZ91D Using Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) for Advanced Biomedical Applications
by Arunkumar Thirugnanasambandam, Manoj Gupta and Rama Murugapandian
Metals 2024, 14(6), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14060607 - 21 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1329
Abstract
Herein, ZrO2 and Si + ZrO2 composite coatings on AZ91D alloys are deposited at a constant voltage of 8 kV and 1 Å/s deposition rate using the electron beam physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) method. Further, the samples are examined for surface [...] Read more.
Herein, ZrO2 and Si + ZrO2 composite coatings on AZ91D alloys are deposited at a constant voltage of 8 kV and 1 Å/s deposition rate using the electron beam physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) method. Further, the samples are examined for surface morphology, phase analysis, adhesion, corrosion, and antibacterial properties, as per ASTM standards. The adhesion strength of the composite (Si + ZrO2) coating nominally dropped (9%) compared to the ZrO2 coating even when the coating thickness increased by 18%. However, the composite (Si + ZrO2) coating improved wettability because silanol promotes hydrogen bonding with water molecules, which elevates the surface energy of the silica and increases its hydrophilic nature. Further, increased wettability and surface roughness have the potential to improve cell adhesion and proliferation. The corrosion potential (Ecorr) values of the coated samples exhibited a positive shift in the potentiodynamic polarization curve, indicating a substantial increase in their corrosion resistance in the artificial blood plasma (ABP) electrolyte. Similarly, SEM images of both coated corroded samples are less affected in the ABP solution, indicating that the coating mitigated heavy cracks and micropores, protecting them from corrosion. The Si + ZrO2 coatings exhibited exceptional performance in preventing bacterial infiltration by Staphylococcus aureus, thus inhibiting the subsequent formation of biofilms. In addition, these coatings demonstrate improved vitality among fibroblast cells, enabling better cellular spreading and proliferation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Lightweight Engineering Materials: Mg Alloys, Al Alloys, Ti Alloys and Other Related Metals—2nd Edition)
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22 pages, 13322 KiB  
Article
Diffusion Nitride Surface Layers on Aluminum Substrates Produced by Hybrid Method Using Gas Nitriding
by Michał Tacikowski, Jacek Słoma, Rafał Jakieła, Szymon Marciniak, Ryszard Diduszko and Tadeusz Wierzchoń
Metals 2024, 14(5), 524; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14050524 - 29 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1899
Abstract
While gas nitriding of steel is currently used in industry, nitriding of aluminum alloys remains an open challenge. The main obstacle is aluminum’s high susceptibility to passivation. The oxide film provides an effective barrier to nitrogen diffusion. Attempts to overcome this problem have [...] Read more.
While gas nitriding of steel is currently used in industry, nitriding of aluminum alloys remains an open challenge. The main obstacle is aluminum’s high susceptibility to passivation. The oxide film provides an effective barrier to nitrogen diffusion. Attempts to overcome this problem have mainly focused on glow discharge nitriding using cathode sputtering of an oxide layer. The produced AlN layers exhibit no diffusion zone and show limited performance properties. In this work, the effect of hybrid treatment aimed at producing diffusion layers of nitrides other than AlN on aluminum alloys was investigated on the model system of iron nitride–aluminum substrate. Hybrid treatment combines an electrochemical process involving the removal of the aluminum oxide layer from the substrate, its subsequent iron plating, and a further gas nitriding in high-purity ammonia. The obtained results prove that the hybrid treatment allows the production, at 530 °C/10 h, of diffusion layers of Fe3N iron nitrides on aluminum substrates with a nitrogen diffusion zone range in aluminum of ca. 12 µm. In alloys containing magnesium, its unfavorable effect on the nitrogen diffusion and the functional properties of the layers was observed. An interesting direction for further research is hybrid treatment of precipitation-hardened alloys without magnesium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion and Protection of Lightweight Engineering Materials: Mg Alloys, Al Alloys, Ti Alloys and Other Related Metals—2nd Edition)
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