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Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials
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Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 7726

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Marina N. Rumyantseva

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Guest Editor
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Interests: nanomaterials; chemical sensors; semiconductors; surface; hybrid materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, the synthesis and study of nanocrystalline semiconductors has become an important interdisciplinary research field. Great interest in this field is due to the unique chemical and electronic properties of semiconductor nanomaterials, which determines their potential use in the fields of electronics, optoelectronics, solar energy conversion, nonlinear optics, luminescence, gas sensors, catalysis, etc. The small size of nanoparticles leads to a difference in their physical, chemical and electronic properties relative to the corresponding bulk materials, due to an increase in the contribution of the surface properties and the manifestation of quantum-dimensional effects. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to develop the methods for the synthesis of nanocrystalline semiconductors that allow us to control both particle size and particle size distribution. It has become possible to synthesize a variety of nanocrystalline semiconductors, including the following most common families of semiconductor materials: group IV elements, II–VI, IV–VI, III–V compounds, binary and complex metal oxides, etc. Nanocrystalline semiconductors can be synthesized with different microstructure dimensionalities (0D, 1D, 2D; 3D). One of the key directions in developing the semiconductor nanomaterials is the tuning of their functional properties by complicating their chemical composition. The synthesis of nanoparticles that consist of domains of dissimilar materials is associated with the formation of an interface between materials that differ in their chemical nature and crystal structure. So, two or more semiconductors can be combined into one nanomaterial with different segment morphologies (core-shell, brush-type, Janus-type particles, etc.). In this case, to achieve the required functional properties, it is necessary to characterize in detail not only the size and shape of the particles, but also the distribution of chemical elements between different fragments of nanoparticles.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to bring together various experimental aspects related to the synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline semiconductors that are of interest to scientists working in the field of semiconductor nanomaterials.

Thus, you are invited to submit contributions devoted to the synthesis and characterization of semiconductor nanomaterials, in relation to their specific functional properties. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome.

Prof. Dr. Marina N. Rumyantseva
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 5474 KiB  
Article
Effect of Donor Nb(V) Doping on the Surface Reactivity, Electrical, Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of Nanocrystalline TiO2
by Dmitriy Kuranov, Anastasia Grebenkina, Alexandra Bogdanova, Vadim Platonov, Sergey Polomoshnov, Valeriy Krivetskiy and Marina Rumyantseva
Materials 2024, 17(2), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17020375 - 11 Jan 2024
Viewed by 828
Abstract
In this work, we primarily aimed to study the Nb(V) doping effect on the surface activity and optical and electrical properties of nanocrystalline TiO2 obtained through flame-spray pyrolysis. Materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and IR, UV and visible spectroscopy. [...] Read more.
In this work, we primarily aimed to study the Nb(V) doping effect on the surface activity and optical and electrical properties of nanocrystalline TiO2 obtained through flame-spray pyrolysis. Materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and IR, UV and visible spectroscopy. The mechanism of surface reaction with acetone was studied using in situ DRIFTs. It was found that the TiO2-Nb-4 material demonstrated a higher conversion of acetone at a temperature of 300 °C than pure TiO2, which was due to the presence of more active forms of chemisorbed oxygen, as well as higher Lewis acidity of the surface. Conduction activation energies (Eact) were calculated for thin films based on TiO2-Nb materials. The results of the MB photobleaching experiment showed a non-monotonic change in the photocatalytic properties of materials with an increase in Nb(V) content, which was caused by a combination of factors, such as specific surface area, phase composition, concentration of charge carriers as well as their recombination due to lattice point defects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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12 pages, 2509 KiB  
Article
Chirality in Atomically Thin CdSe Nanoplatelets Capped with Thiol-Free Amino Acid Ligands: Circular Dichroism vs. Carboxylate Group Coordination
by Daria A. Kurtina, Vladimir B. Zaytsev and Roman B. Vasiliev
Materials 2024, 17(1), 237; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17010237 - 01 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1122
Abstract
Chiral semiconductor nanostructures and nanoparticles are promising materials for applications in biological sensing, enantioselective separation, photonics, and spin-polarized devices. Here, we studied the induction of chirality in atomically thin only two-monolayer-thick CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) grown using a colloidal method and exchanged with L-alanine [...] Read more.
Chiral semiconductor nanostructures and nanoparticles are promising materials for applications in biological sensing, enantioselective separation, photonics, and spin-polarized devices. Here, we studied the induction of chirality in atomically thin only two-monolayer-thick CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) grown using a colloidal method and exchanged with L-alanine and L-phenylalanine as model thiol-free chiral ligands. We have developed a novel two-step approach to completely exchange the native oleic acid ligands for chiral amino acids at the basal planes of NPLs. We performed an analysis of the optical and chiroptical properties of the chiral CdSe nanoplatelets with amino acids, which was supplemented by an analysis of the composition and coordination of ligands. After the exchange, the nanoplatelets retained heavy-hole, light-hole, and spin-orbit split-off exciton absorbance and bright heavy-hole exciton luminescence. Capping with thiol-free enantiomer amino acid ligands induced the pronounced chirality of excitons in the nanoplatelets, as proven by circular dichroism spectroscopy, with a high dissymmetry g-factor of up to 3.4 × 10−3 achieved for heavy-hole excitons in the case of L-phenylalanine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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15 pages, 10310 KiB  
Article
High-Pressure Synthesis of Cubic ZnO and Its Solid Solutions with MgO Doped with Li, Na, and K
by Nikolai O. Taibarei, Vladimir G. Kytin, Elizaveta A. Konstantinova, Vladimir A. Kulbachinskii, Serguei V. Savilov, Vladimir A. Mukhanov, Vladimir L. Solozhenko, Vadim V. Brazhkin and Andrei N. Baranov
Materials 2023, 16(15), 5341; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155341 - 29 Jul 2023
Viewed by 784
Abstract
The possibility of doping ZnO in its metastable rock salt structure with Li, Na, and K intended to act as acceptor dopants was investigated. For the first time, MgxZn1−xO alloys and pure ZnO with a rock salt structure doped [...] Read more.
The possibility of doping ZnO in its metastable rock salt structure with Li, Na, and K intended to act as acceptor dopants was investigated. For the first time, MgxZn1−xO alloys and pure ZnO with a rock salt structure doped with Li, Na, and K metals was obtained by high-pressure synthesis from pure oxides with the addition of carbonates or acetates of the corresponding metals as dopant sources. Successful stabilization of the metastable rock salt structure and phase purity were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the particle size of nanocrystalline precursors, while the presence of Li, Na, and K metals in rock salt ZnO was detected by electron energy-loss spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in MgxZn1−xO alloys. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements revealed the acceptor behavior of Li, Na, and K dopants based on the influence of the latter on native defects and natural impurities in ZnO-MgO alloys. In addition, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was used to derive band gaps of quenched rock salt ZnO and its alloys with MgO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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14 pages, 3271 KiB  
Article
Effects of Plasma Treatment on the Surface and Photocatalytic Properties of Nanostructured SnO2–SiO2 Films
by Igor A. Pronin, Alexander P. Sigaev, Alexei S. Komolov, Evgeny V. Zhizhin, Andrey A. Karmanov, Nadezhda D. Yakushova, Vladimir M. Kyashkin, Konstantin N. Nishchev, Victor V. Sysoev, Sanket Goel, Khairunnisa Amreen, Ramya K and Ghenadii Korotcenkov
Materials 2023, 16(14), 5030; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16145030 - 16 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1204
Abstract
In this work, we study the effects of treating nanostructured SnO2–SiO2 films derived by a sol-gel method with nitrogen and oxygen plasma. The structural and chemical properties of the films are closely investigated. To quantify surface site activity in the [...] Read more.
In this work, we study the effects of treating nanostructured SnO2–SiO2 films derived by a sol-gel method with nitrogen and oxygen plasma. The structural and chemical properties of the films are closely investigated. To quantify surface site activity in the films following treatment, we employed a photocatalytic UV degradation test with brilliant green. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it was found that treatment with oxygen plasma led to a high deviation in the stoichiometry of the SnO2 surface and even the appearance of a tin monoxide phase. These samples also exhibited a maximum photocatalytic activity. In contrast, treatment with nitrogen plasma did not lead to any noticeable changes in the material. However, increasing the power of the plasma source from 250 W to 500 W led to the appearance of an SnO fraction on the surface and a reduction in the photocatalytic activity. In general, all the types of plasma treatment tested led to amorphization in the SnO2–SiO2 samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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14 pages, 7736 KiB  
Article
Hierarchical Surface Structures and Large-Area Nanoscale Gratings in As2S3 and As2Se3 Films Irradiated with Femtosecond Laser Pulses
by Dmitrii Shuleiko, Stanislav Zabotnov, Olga Sokolovskaya, Maksim Poliakov, Lidiya Volkova, Tatiana Kunkel, Evgeny Kuzmin, Pavel Danilov, Sergey Kudryashov, Dmitrii Pepelayev, Sergey Kozyukhin, Leonid Golovan and Pavel Kashkarov
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4524; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134524 - 22 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 904
Abstract
Chalcogenide vitreous semiconductors (ChVSs) find application in rewritable optical memory storage and optically switchable infrared photonic devices due to the possibility of fast and reversible phase transitions, as well as high refractive index and transmission in the near- and mid-infrared spectral range. Formed [...] Read more.
Chalcogenide vitreous semiconductors (ChVSs) find application in rewritable optical memory storage and optically switchable infrared photonic devices due to the possibility of fast and reversible phase transitions, as well as high refractive index and transmission in the near- and mid-infrared spectral range. Formed on such materials, laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), open wide prospects for increasing information storage capacity and create polarization-sensitive optical elements of infrared photonics. In the present work, a possibility to produce LIPSSs under femtosecond laser irradiation (pulse duration 300 fs, wavelength 515 nm, repetition rate up to 2 kHz, pulse energy ranged 0.03 to 0.5 μJ) is demonstrated on a large (up to 5 × 5 mm2) area of arsenic sulfide (As2S3) and arsenic selenide (As2Se3) ChVS films. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy revealed that LIPSSs with various periods (170–490 nm) and orientations can coexist within the same irradiated region as a hierarchical structure, resulting from the interference of various plasmon polariton modes generated under intense photoexcitation of nonequilibrium carriers within the film. The depth of the structures varied from 30 to 100 nm. The periods and orientations of the formed LIPSSs were numerically simulated using the Sipe–Drude approach. A good agreement of the calculations with the experimental data was achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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18 pages, 5664 KiB  
Article
UV-Activated Au Modified TiO2/In2O3 Hollow Nanospheres for Formaldehyde Detection at Room Temperature
by Su Zhang, Baoyu Huang, Zenghao Jiang, Junfan Qian, Jiawei Cao, Qiuxia Feng, Jianwei Zhang and Xiaogan Li
Materials 2023, 16(11), 4010; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16114010 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1058
Abstract
Au modified TiO2/In2O3 hollow nanospheres were synthesized by the hydrolysis method using the carbon nanospheres as a sacrificial template. Compared to pure In2O3, pure TiO2, and TiO2/In2O3 [...] Read more.
Au modified TiO2/In2O3 hollow nanospheres were synthesized by the hydrolysis method using the carbon nanospheres as a sacrificial template. Compared to pure In2O3, pure TiO2, and TiO2/In2O3 based sensors, the Au/TiO2/In2O3 nanosphere-based chemiresistive-type sensor exhibited excellent sensing performances to formaldehyde at room temperature under ultraviolet light (UV-LED) activation. The response of the Au/TiO2/In2O3 nanocomposite-based sensor to 1 ppm formaldehyde was about 5.6, which is higher than that of In2O3 (1.6), TiO2 (2.1), and TiO2/In2O3 (3.8). The response time and recovery time of the Au/TiO2/In2O3 nanocomposite sensor were 18 s and 42 s, respectively. The detectable formaldehyde concentration could go down as low as 60 ppb. In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was used to analyze the chemical reactions on the surface of the sensor activated by UV light. The improvement in the sensing properties of the Au/TiO2/In2O3 nanocomposites could be attributed to the nanoheterojunctions and electronic/chemical sensitization of the Au nanoparticles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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Review

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31 pages, 14488 KiB  
Review
Metal Oxide Nanowires Grown by a Vapor–Liquid–Solid Growth Mechanism for Resistive Gas-Sensing Applications: An Overview
by Ali Mirzaei, Myoung Hoon Lee, Krishna K. Pawar, Somalapura Prakasha Bharath, Tae-Un Kim, Jin-Young Kim, Sang Sub Kim and Hyoun Woo Kim
Materials 2023, 16(18), 6233; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16186233 - 15 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1084
Abstract
Metal oxide nanowires (NWs) with a high surface area, ease of fabrication, and precise control over diameter and chemical composition are among the best candidates for the realization of resistive gas sensors. Among the different techniques used for the synthesis of materials with [...] Read more.
Metal oxide nanowires (NWs) with a high surface area, ease of fabrication, and precise control over diameter and chemical composition are among the best candidates for the realization of resistive gas sensors. Among the different techniques used for the synthesis of materials with NW morphology, approaches based on the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism are very popular due to the ease of synthesis, low price of starting materials, and possibility of branching. In this review article, we discuss the gas-sensing features of metal oxide NWs grown by the VLS mechanism, with emphasis on the growth conditions and sensing mechanism. The growth and sensing performance of SnO2, ZnO, In2O3, NiO, CuO, and WO3 materials with NW morphology are discussed. The effects of the catalyst type, growth temperature, and other variables on the morphology and gas-sensing performance of NWs are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanomaterials)
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