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Advanced Textile Materials: Design, Properties and Applications

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Smart Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2024 | Viewed by 8770

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zhaoqun Du

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Guest Editor

Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
Interests: auxetic textiles; spacer textiles; wearable textiles; apparatuses and methods for textiles; functional and smart textiles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Fengxin Sun

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Guest Editor

Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: adaptive textiles; functional materials; material characteristics; mechanical simulation; structural design

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advanced textile materials have become increasingly important due to attributed high performance and functions, including smart wearable products, functional engineering fabrics, intelligent composite fabrics, biomedical fabrics, etc. The nature of advanced textile materials is the design and assembly of structures and micro/nano materials, in which the multiscale structures ranges from micro-scale, meso-scale to macroscopic constructions, and material performance consists of physical, chemical and biological properties. The topics of interest in which we aim to collect recent academic achievements in this Special Issue cover (but are not restricted to): high-performance textiles, structure design and enhanced property of textile materials; characterization and evaluation methods of textile materials; modelling and simulation methods for the property analysis of textile materials; advanced manufacturing and intelligent processing for textile materials, functional and smart textiles, spacer fabrics, auxetic textiles, textile-based nanocomposites, fiber-based structural materials and textiles for diverse application, which includes but is not limited to the following topics:

Functional thermal-proof textile materials based on structure design and micro/nano materials;
Smart wearable textiles and garment for health and gesture monitoring and interactive technology;
Auxetic fibres, yarns, fabrics, membrane, foam, composites and so on;
Spacer textiles, hollow-structure textiles, porous-structure textiles, and so on
Functional textiles with stab-proof, bullet-proof, pressure-releasing and crush-proof materials;
Flexible smart sensor or device application of advanced textiles;
High-performance, protective, functional garments for Olympic games;
Characterization of structure and performance of advanced materials;
Design, modelling and simulation of the structure and performance of advanced textiles;
Textile-based nanocomposites, fibre-based structural materials and textiles for diverse applications.

Both research papers and review articles are welcomed. Please indicate in the cover letter that your submission was invited for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Zhaoqun Du
Dr. Fengxin Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

fibres
yarns
fabrics
textiles
functional materials
structural design
materials characterization
modeling and simulation
smart wearable materials, auxetic materials

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3491 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Strong and Flexible Braiding Pattern of Carbon Nanotubes for Composites: Stiff and Robust Structure Active in Composite Materials

by Fumio Ogawa, Fan Liu and Toshiyuki Hashida

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1725; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041725 - 19 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1567

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit high strength, Young’s modulus, and flexibility and serve as an ideal reinforcement for composite materials. Owing to their toughness against bending and/or twisting, they are typically used as fabric composites. The conventional multiaxial braiding method lacks tension and resultant strength in the thickness direction. Some braiding patterns are proposed; however, they may have shortcomings in flexibility. Thus, this study proposed three types of braiding pattern for fabrics based on natural products such as spider net and honeycomb, in accordance with thickness-direction strength. The spider-net-based structure included wefts with spaces in the center with overlapping warps. At both sides, the warps crossed and contacted the wefts to impart solidness to the structure and enhance its strength as well as flexural stability. In addition, box-type wefts were proposed by unifying the weft and warps into boxes, which enhanced the stability and flexibility of the framework. Finally, we proposed a structure based on rectangular and hexagonal shapes mimicking the honeycomb. Moreover, finite element calculations were performed to investigate the mechanisms through which the proposed structures garnered strength and deformation ability. The average stress in fabrics becomes smaller than half (43%) when four edges are restrained and sliding is inserted. Under three-dimensional forces, our proposed structures underwent mechanisms of wrapping, warping, sliding and doubling, and partial locking to demonstrate their enhanced mechanical properties. Furthermore, we proposed a hierarchical structure specialized for CNTs, which could facilitate applications in structural components of satellites, wind turbines, and ships. The hierarchical structure utilizing discontinuity and sliding benefits the usage for practical mechanical systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Textile Materials: Design, Properties and Applications)

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11 pages, 3616 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on the Tensile Behavior of Helical Auxetic Yarns with Finite Element Method

by Sai Liu and Zhaoqun Du

Materials 2023, 16(1), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010122 - 22 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1189

Abstract

Complex yarns with helical wrapping structure show auxetic effect under axial tension and a wide perspective application. Experimental results suggested that initial helical angle was one of the most important structural parameters. However, the experimental method was limited and could not effectively explain the deformation behavior or auxetic mechanism. A finite element model of the helical auxetic yarn was built and used to analyze the interactive relationship between the two components and the stress distribution mode. The effectiveness and accuracy of the model was first verified by comparing with the experimental results. The simulation results showed that the complex yarn with initial helical angle of 14.5° presented the maximum negative Poisson’s ratio of −2.5 under 5.0% axial strain. Both the contact property between the two components and the radial deformability of the elastic core filament were key factors of the auxetic property. When the contact surfaces were completely smooth and the friction coefficient μ was set to 0, the complex yarn presented non-auxetic behavior. When the Poisson’s ratio of the core filament was 0, the complex yarn showed greater auxetic effect. During the axial stretching, the tensile stress was mainly distributed in the wrap filament, which led to structural deformation and auxetic behavior. A pair of auxetic yarns showed pore effect and high expansion under axial strain. Thus, it may be necessary to consider new weaving structures and preparation methods to obtain the desired auxetic property and application of auxetic yarns. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Textile Materials: Design, Properties and Applications)

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9 pages, 3088 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Smart Humidly Adaptive Yarns and Textiles from Twisted and Coiled Viscose Fiber Artificial Muscles

by Mingrui Guo, Yangyang Peng, Zihan Chen, Nan Sheng and Fengxin Sun

Materials 2022, 15(23), 8312; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238312 - 23 Nov 2022

Viewed by 1449

Abstract

The self-adaptive nature of smart textiles to the ambient environment has made them an indispensable part of emerging wearable technologies. However, current advances generally suffer from complex material preparation, uncomfortable fitting feeling, possible toxicity, and high cost in fabrication, which hinder the real-world application of smart materials in textiles. Herein, humidity-response torsional and tensile yarn actuators from twisted and coiled structures are developed using commercially available, cost-effective, and biodegradable viscose fibers based on yarn-spinning and weaving technologies. The twisted yarn shows a reversible torsional stroke of 1400° cm⁻¹ in 5 s when stimulated by water fog with a spraying speed of 0.05 g s⁻¹; the coiled yarn exhibits a peak tensile stroke of 900% upon enhancing the relative humidity. Further, textile manufacturing allows for the scalable fabrication to create fabric artificial muscles with high-dimensional actuation deformations and human-touch comfort, which can boost the potential applications of the humidly adaptive yarns in smart textile and advanced textile materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Textile Materials: Design, Properties and Applications)

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9 pages, 4119 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Design, Manufacture, and Characterization of Auxetic Yarns with Multiple Core/Wrap Structure by Braiding Method

by Sai Liu, Haoyu Chen, Yizhu Li and Zhaoqun Du

Materials 2022, 15(18), 6300; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15186300 - 10 Sep 2022

Viewed by 1321

Abstract

Auxetic textiles with a negative Poisson’s ratio show significant energy absorption and synclastic curvature characteristics and potential application value in sportsmen protection material. The stability and reliability of the structure and properties of auxetic textiles is also an important factor to assess and promote the application. Thus, auxetic yarns with multiple core/wrap structure were prepared by a 16-spindle braiding machine. It mainly focused on the axial stretching behavior and the relationship between the structure and auxetic effect of yarn samples. The maximum Poisson’s ratio of auxetic yarns was −3.26. The experimental results also showed that the complex yarns still presented an auxetic effect during 30 repeats of cycle stretching. According to the study about the repeatable stretchability and auxetic effect of complex yarns, it could be expected to provide more comfortable, safer, and smarter protective textiles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Textile Materials: Design, Properties and Applications)

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18 pages, 6988 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives

by Laimutė Stygienė, Sigitas Krauledas, Aušra Abraitienė, Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova and Kristina Dubinskaitė

Materials 2022, 15(8), 2908; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082908 - 15 Apr 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1851

Abstract

Socks are an important part of our clothing used in everyday activities. In order to ensure thermal comfort during wear in cool outdoor or indoor conditions, and for health improvement, socks must have effective thermoregulation properties. Chemical far-infrared (FIR) fibers with different bio-ceramic compounds incorporated into socks’ structures can provide an improved thermoregulation effect to the wearer of the socks. Fibers with silver and carbon additives incorporated in their structures can also affect the thermoregulation properties of socks. Moreover, these conductive additives avoid the unpleasant effect of static electricity of socks. The main parts of the different investigated structures of the socks were made in a plush pattern. The plush loops were formed by using functional Resistex^® Bioceramic, Shieldex^® and two modifications of Nega-Stat^® fiber yarns. The main thermal comfort (thermal efficiency, microclimate and heat exchange temperatures, thermal resistance, water vapor permeability) and electrostatic (surface and vertical resistances, shielding factor, half time decay of charge) properties of the socks were investigated. Based on the obtained results of the thermal comfort and electrostatic characteristics of the different investigated structures of socks, the optimal static dissipative (half-time decay <0.01 s, shielding factor—0.96) plush knitting structure with 55% Resistex^® Bioceramic and 31% bicomponent Nega-Stat^® P210 fibers yarns was selected. Comparing the control sample without FIR and the knitted structure with conductive additives, we can draw the conclusion that the heat retention capability of the selected socks was improved by 1.5 °C and the temperature of their created microclimate was improved by 2 °C. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Textile Materials: Design, Properties and Applications)

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