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Land
Special Issues
Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development
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Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Land Planning and Landscape Architecture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2025) | Viewed by 7670

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gaoru Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urban & Rural Planning, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: transport–land use interaction; transport ecology; land use planning; regional sustainable development
Prof. Dr. Linchuan Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
Interests: urban geography; urban transport planning; transport–land use coordinated development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jing Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urban & Rural Planning, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: comprehensive transport planning in urban agglomeration

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Territorial space and transportation are closely related concepts, and the mechanisms governing their interactions and their coordinated development are important research directions of academic concern. On the one hand, transportation networks are the skeleton of national and regional development, and a comprehensive transportation system of highways, railways, aviation, and waterborne transportation promotes the development of territorial space. On the other hand, the pressure transportation infrastructure and transportation activities exert in terms of the protection of territorial space, such as from an ecological and agricultural land perspective, is also increasing. Coordinating the relationship between development and protection, using the network effect of transportation to empower regional development, and at the same time enhancing how green the transportation field is, thereby enhancing regional sustainability, are key scientific issues that demand to be studied urgently. In order to promote research in the field of territorial space and the coordination transportation and to promote the deep integration of production, study, and research, we will launch a Special Issue of the journal Land, entitled “Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development”.

Prof. Dr. Gaoru Zhu
Prof. Dr. Linchuan Yang
Prof. Dr. Jing Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • comprehensive transportation network planning
  • the impact of transportation on land use
  • the impact of land use on transportation
  • the interaction between transportation network and territorial space
  • territorial space development guided by transportation (Transit oriented developmemt)
  • tcological effects of transportation and protection of territorial space
  • evolution of port-coastal zone and itegration of port industry and city
  • optimization of transportation infrastructure layout (highways, railways, Airports, Ports)
  • connection and coordination between transportation and territorial spatial planning
  • development and protection synergistic transportation systems
  • resilient transportation and resilient territory

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Published Papers (15 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 1269 KiB  
Article
The Impact of High-Speed Rail on High-Quality Economic Development: Evidence from China
by Xixi Feng, Jixiao Li, Yadan Liu and Weidong Li
Land 2025, 14(7), 1379; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14071379 - 30 Jun 2025
Abstract
Utilizing data from 282 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2021, this study constructs an evaluation index system for high-quality economic development across the following five dimensions: innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing. A continuous difference-in-differences approach is employed for regression analysis [...] Read more.
Utilizing data from 282 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2021, this study constructs an evaluation index system for high-quality economic development across the following five dimensions: innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing. A continuous difference-in-differences approach is employed for regression analysis to empirically examine the impact of high-speed rail on high-quality economic development, further exploring its mechanisms and spatial spillover effects. The findings reveal that (1) HSR significantly promotes high-quality economic development; (2) with the development of HSR, from 2005 to 2021, China’s high-quality economic development showed an evolutionary trend of overall improvement, with a gradual optimization of spatial patterns; (3) it facilitates high-quality economic development by enhancing capital and labor mobility, strengthening industrial chain resilience, and advancing industrial structure upgrading; (4) high-speed rail development in neighboring regions generates positive spatial spillover effects on local urban economic quality; and (5) the impact of high-speed rail on high-quality economic development exhibits significant heterogeneity across cities with different regions, tiers, scales, and resource endowments. These results confirm the positive role of high-speed rail in fostering high-quality economic development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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22 pages, 5010 KiB  
Article
Street View-Enabled Explainable Machine Learning for Spatial Optimization of Non-Motorized Transportation-Oriented Urban Design
by Yichen Ruan, Xiaoyi Zhang, Shaohua Wang, Xiuxiu Chen and Qiuxiao Chen
Land 2025, 14(7), 1347; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14071347 - 25 Jun 2025
Viewed by 215
Abstract
To advance evidence-based urban design prioritizing non-motorized mobility, this study proposes a street view-enabled explainable machine learning framework that systematically links built environment semantics to non-motorized transportation vitality optimization. By integrating Baidu Street View images with deep learning-based object detection (Faster R-CNN), we [...] Read more.
To advance evidence-based urban design prioritizing non-motorized mobility, this study proposes a street view-enabled explainable machine learning framework that systematically links built environment semantics to non-motorized transportation vitality optimization. By integrating Baidu Street View images with deep learning-based object detection (Faster R-CNN), we quantify fine-grained human-powered and mechanically assisted mobility vitality. These features are fused with multi-source geospatial data encompassing 23 built environment variables into an interpretable machine learning pipeline using SHAP-optimized random forest models. The key findings reveal distinct nonlinear response patterns between HP and MA modes to built environment factors; for instance, a notable promotion in mechanically assisted NMT vitality is observed as enterprise density increases beyond 0.2 facilities per ha. Emergent synergistic and threshold effects are evident from variable interactions requiring multidimensional planning consideration, as demonstrated in phenomena such as the peaking of human-powered NMT vitality occurring at public facility densities of 0.2–0.8 facilities per ha, enterprise densities of 0.6–1 facilities per ha, and spatial heterogeneity patterns identified through Bivariate Local Moran’s I clustering. This research contributes an innovative technical framework combining street view image recognition with explainable AI, while practically informing urban planning through evidence-based mobility zone classification and targeted strategy formulation, enabling more precise optimization of pedestrian-/cyclist-oriented urban spaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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23 pages, 5190 KiB  
Article
Spatial Gradient Effects of Landscape Pattern on Ecological Quality Along the Grand Canal
by Yonggeng Xiong and Aibo Jin
Land 2025, 14(6), 1310; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061310 - 19 Jun 2025
Viewed by 329
Abstract
The Grand Canal serves as a vital water transportation route, a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site, and an ecological corridor. It is currently undergoing coordinated transformation through infrastructure development, heritage preservation, and ecological restoration. However, existing research has primarily focused on either cultural [...] Read more.
The Grand Canal serves as a vital water transportation route, a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site, and an ecological corridor. It is currently undergoing coordinated transformation through infrastructure development, heritage preservation, and ecological restoration. However, existing research has primarily focused on either cultural heritage conservation or localized ecological issues, with limited attention to the spatial relationship between landscape patterns and ecological quality along the entire corridor. To address this gap, this study examines eight sections of the Grand Canal and develops a gradient analysis framework based on equidistant buffer zones. The framework integrates the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) with landscape pattern indices to assess ecological responses across spatial gradients. A Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model is applied to reveal the spatially heterogeneous effects of landscape patterns on ecological quality. From 2013 to 2023, landscape patterns showed a trend toward increasing agglomeration and regularity. This is indicated by a rise in the Aggregation Index (AI) from 91.24 to 91.38 and declines in both patch density (PD) from 8.45 to 8.20 and Landscape Shape Index (LSI) from 199.74 to 196.72. During the same period, ecological quality slightly declined, with RSEI decreasing from 0.66 to 0.57. The effects of PD and Shannon’s Diversity Index (SHDI) on ecological quality varied across canal sections. In highly urbanized areas such as the Tonghui River, these indices were positively correlated with ecological quality, whereas in less urbanized areas like the Huitong River, negative correlations were observed. Overall, the strength of these correlations tended to weaken with increasing buffer distance. This study provides a scientific foundation for the integrated development of ecological protection and spatial planning along the Grand Canal and offers theoretical insights for the refined management of other major inland waterways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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25 pages, 13657 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Relationship Between the Built Environment and Bike-Sharing Usage as a Feeder Mode Across Different Metro Station Types in Shenzhen
by Yiting Li, Jingwei Li, Ziyue Yu, Siying Li and Aoyong Li
Land 2025, 14(6), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061291 - 17 Jun 2025
Viewed by 465
Abstract
Bike-sharing has been widely recognized for addressing the “last-mile” problem and improving commuting efficiency. While prior studies emphasize how the built environment shapes feeder trips, the effects of station types and spatial heterogeneity on bike-sharing and metro integration remain insufficiently explored. Taking the [...] Read more.
Bike-sharing has been widely recognized for addressing the “last-mile” problem and improving commuting efficiency. While prior studies emphasize how the built environment shapes feeder trips, the effects of station types and spatial heterogeneity on bike-sharing and metro integration remain insufficiently explored. Taking the urban core area of Shenzhen as a case study, this paper examines how the built environment influences such integration during morning peak hours and how these impacts differ across station types. First, we proposed a “3Cs” (convenience, comfort, and caution) framework to capture key built environment factors. Metro stations were classified into commercial, residential, and office types via K-means clustering. Subsequently, the ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model and the multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model were employed to identify significant factors and explore the spatial heterogeneity of these effects. Results reveal that factors influencing bike-sharing–metro integration vary by station type. While land-use mix and enclosure affect bike-sharing usage across all stations, employment and intersection density are only significant for commercial stations. Furthermore, these influences exhibit spatial heterogeneity. For instance, at office-oriented stations, population shows both positive and negative effects across areas, while residential density has a generally negative impact. These findings enhance our understanding of how the built environment shapes bike-sharing–metro integration patterns and support more targeted planning interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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20 pages, 8305 KiB  
Article
Route Selection for the Extension Line of Pinglu Canal: A Comparative Study
by Honglin Feng, Zhefei Jin, Xiao Chu, Weihan Wang and Haiyuan Yao
Land 2025, 14(6), 1266; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061266 - 12 Jun 2025
Viewed by 713
Abstract
The Pinglu Canal, China’s first strategic river–sea transport canal, connects the inland waterway trunk line with the Beibu Gulf International Hub Port, while a diversion channel extension is needed for port development. This study proposed a comparative study of extension routes to Fangchenggang [...] Read more.
The Pinglu Canal, China’s first strategic river–sea transport canal, connects the inland waterway trunk line with the Beibu Gulf International Hub Port, while a diversion channel extension is needed for port development. This study proposed a comparative study of extension routes to Fangchenggang through qualitative analysis and quantitative modeling. Eventually, Route 4 is selected considering the engineering feasibility, ecological impact, and hydrodynamic modeling. It yields the lowest engineering cost, effectively bypasses the ecological protection red lines and cultural heritage areas, and only intersects the controllable ecological restoration zones in a limited manner. Hydrodynamic results show moderate tidal velocities, with maximum rising and falling speeds of 0.72–0.80 m/s and 0.72–0.86 m/s, respectively. The sediment deposition intensity (0.06 m/a) and total volume (58,600 m3/a) are generally lower than the other alternatives. The comparative study shares useful insights into canal route selection and would support the sustainable development of the logistics transportation system in Southwest China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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29 pages, 8586 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Determinants of Spatial Vitality in High-Speed Rail Station Areas in China: A Multi-Source Data Analysis Using LightGBM
by Pengpeng Liang, Xu Cui, Jiexi Ma, Wen Song and Yao Xu
Land 2025, 14(6), 1262; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061262 - 12 Jun 2025
Viewed by 987
Abstract
High-speed rail (HSR) station areas play a vital role in shaping urban form, stimulating economic activity, and enhancing spatial vitality. Understanding the factors that influence this vitality is key to supporting sustainable urban development and transit-oriented planning. This study investigates 66 HSR station [...] Read more.
High-speed rail (HSR) station areas play a vital role in shaping urban form, stimulating economic activity, and enhancing spatial vitality. Understanding the factors that influence this vitality is key to supporting sustainable urban development and transit-oriented planning. This study investigates 66 HSR station areas in 35 Chinese cities by integrating multi-source data—Sina Weibo check-in records, urban support indicators, station attributes, and built environment variables—within a city–node–place analytical framework. Using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) models, we identify key drivers of spatial vitality, while SHAP analysis reveals nonlinear and interaction effects. The results show that city population size, urbanization level, commercial land use, transit accessibility, and parking facilities significantly enhance station area vitality. However, diminishing returns are observed when commercial land and bus stop densities exceed certain thresholds. The station location index shows a negative correlation with spatial vitality. The analysis of interaction effects highlights strong synergies between urban development and functional configuration, as well as between accessibility and service infrastructure. Different station types exhibit varied spatial patterns and require differentiated strategies. This study offers empirical insights for aligning transport infrastructure and land use planning, supporting the development of vibrant, accessible, and sustainable HSR station areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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23 pages, 25069 KiB  
Article
Urban Renewal Strategy Guided by Rail Transit Development Based on the “Node–Place–Revenue” Model: Case Study of Shenyang Metro Line 1
by Xu Lu, Mengqin Zhu, Zeting Li, Qingyu Li and Shan Huang
Land 2025, 14(6), 1214; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061214 - 5 Jun 2025
Viewed by 426
Abstract
Under the backdrop of urban renewal, harmonizing transit-oriented development (TOD) with urban renewal to maximize rail value has emerged as a critical focus in contemporary planning. Based on this, this paper proposes the node–place–revenue (NPR) model, which constructs evaluation indexes from the three [...] Read more.
Under the backdrop of urban renewal, harmonizing transit-oriented development (TOD) with urban renewal to maximize rail value has emerged as a critical focus in contemporary planning. Based on this, this paper proposes the node–place–revenue (NPR) model, which constructs evaluation indexes from the three dimensions of the node, place, and revenue. It determines the weights of each index by using expert scoring and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Taking Shenyang Metro Line 1 as an example, the study first used the model to measure the node value, place value, and revenue value of each sample TOD station area. Secondly, K-means clustering analysis was used to form a spatial classification of five station areas. Finally, this paper proposes one differentiated urban renewal strategy for each type of station area. It is found that (1) the NPR model classifies stations into five categories: stress and high revenue, balanced, unbalanced node, unbalanced place, and dependence and low revenue and (2) the differentiated urban renewal strategies for each type of station area can be explored in terms of precise decongestion, node upgrading, function expansion, endogenous optimization, and infill quality improvement. This paper examines the economic driving effect of Shenyang Metro Line 1 stations on the renewal of the surrounding areas from the perspective of the economic balance of payments, providing a new reference for Shenyang-rail-transit-guided urban renewal work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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16 pages, 1555 KiB  
Article
Traffic–Tourism Spatial Interaction of Lai-Qu Expressway Based on the Traffic Flow Data
by Yujian Gao, Long Bai, Shengqiang Liu, Hongjuan Zheng, Jie Liu, Jinxiang Cheng, Haiyuan Yao and Qing Zhao
Land 2025, 14(6), 1197; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061197 - 3 Jun 2025
Viewed by 326
Abstract
In the Taihang Mountain Tourism Development Plan (2020–2035), the Taihang Mountain Expressway is included in the construction of the National Tourism Scenic Road around Taihang Mountain to promote the integrated development of regional transportation and tourism. The Lai-Qu Expressway is part of the [...] Read more.
In the Taihang Mountain Tourism Development Plan (2020–2035), the Taihang Mountain Expressway is included in the construction of the National Tourism Scenic Road around Taihang Mountain to promote the integrated development of regional transportation and tourism. The Lai-Qu Expressway is part of the Baoding section of the Taihang Mountain Expressway. Based on the data of traffic flow on the Lai-Qu Expressway, data of regional tourism resources, and data of regional economic and social development, this paper studies the interaction between the traffic and tourism space of the Lai-Qu Expressway by using spatial interaction, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and other geospatial analysis theories and methods. The results show that the traffic flow of the Baishishan Tollgate is directly correlated with the passenger flow of the Baishishan scenic spot. The spatial pattern of two tourism resource cluster centers and one sub-center, and one residential cluster center and one sub-center is expected to be formed along the Lai-Qu Expressway. The newly built traffic routes extend the influence of the traffic space and overlaps with the regional tourism space, not only providing new opportunities and possibilities for the development of regional tourism, but also promoting the change in the regional tourism spatial pattern and the cluster form of tourism resources. The research on the interaction between the traffic–tourism space in this paper can help to enrich the theoretical connotation of the research on the integration of transport and tourism, and can also be used to evaluate the tourism impact of newly built transport routes and serve the regional tourism development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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24 pages, 10787 KiB  
Article
The Role of Comprehensive Transportation in Shaping Spatial Expansion Patterns: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Urban Agglomeration
by Zaiyu Fan, Weiyang Luo, Chang Liu and Mengyun Xie
Land 2025, 14(5), 1064; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051064 - 14 May 2025
Viewed by 524
Abstract
Regional comprehensive transportation infrastructures constitute the fundamental basis for the development of inland urban agglomerations. To elucidate the role of comprehensive transportation in shaping the spatial organization and expansion of urban agglomerations, this study takes the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Urban Agglomeration (YRMRUA) [...] Read more.
Regional comprehensive transportation infrastructures constitute the fundamental basis for the development of inland urban agglomerations. To elucidate the role of comprehensive transportation in shaping the spatial organization and expansion of urban agglomerations, this study takes the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Urban Agglomeration (YRMRUA) as a case example. It examines the spatial relationships between transportation network layout and spatial expansion patterns using fractal dimension based on traffic accessibility, traffic-weighted linear density, and Pearson correlation analysis. The key findings of this study are as follows: (1) The YRMRUA exhibits a partial fractal growth pattern influenced by transportation development, which indicates that the comprehensive transportation has a significant but limited impact on YRMRUA. (2) There is a moderate correlation between traffic-weighted linear density and spatial expansion intensity within YRMRUA. (3) Specific groups such as the Wuhan–Ezhou–Huanggang–Huangshi group, Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan group, and Nanchang–Yichun group have formed in areas where transportation development and spatial expansion are at the forefront. (4) Different modes of transportation, including waterway transportation, railway transportation, and road transportation, have varying effects on spatial expansion. The integration of these modes forms the fundamental framework of urban agglomerations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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21 pages, 4339 KiB  
Article
Innovation in Comprehensive Transportation Network Planning in the Context of National Spatial Development: Institutional Constraints and Policy Responses
by Huanyu Yang, Wei Huang, Dong Yang and Ying Jiang
Land 2025, 14(5), 1046; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051046 - 11 May 2025
Viewed by 533
Abstract
This study investigates the institutional innovation pathways for integrating comprehensive transportation networks into China’s territorial spatial planning system, with a focus on resolving the conflicts between ecological conservation and infrastructure development. By proposing a ‘constraint-coupling-innovation’ framework, this research addresses the gaps in existing [...] Read more.
This study investigates the institutional innovation pathways for integrating comprehensive transportation networks into China’s territorial spatial planning system, with a focus on resolving the conflicts between ecological conservation and infrastructure development. By proposing a ‘constraint-coupling-innovation’ framework, this research addresses the gaps in existing spatial governance mechanisms, particularly the insufficient alignment between transportation planning and the ‘three zones and three lines’ (ecological conservation, agricultural production, and urban development zones with binding redline) system. The study employs mixed-method approaches, including geospatial conflict analysis (GIS), AI-driven policy coordination tools, and case studies from the Yangtze River Economic Belt. It demonstrates that rigid ecological constraints (e.g., ecological sensitivity veto power) can reduce planning conflicts effectively, while adaptive governance models enhance land use efficiency and stakeholder collaboration. Key findings reveal a significant negative correlation (R2 = 0.75) between ecological protection redline (EPR) coverage and transportation network density, underscoring the necessity for differentiated governance strategies in high-conflict regions. A comparative analysis with the EU’s Natura 2000 sites and TEN-T networks further highlights China’s unique hierarchical governance model, which integrates top-down ecological mandates with localized technological innovations, such as digital twins and polycentric decision making. This study contributes to global debates on sustainable spatial planning by offering actionable pathways for balancing infrastructure expansion with ecological resilience, while also proposing institutional reforms, such as a National Transportation Spatial Governance Index (NTSGI), to standardize ecological compliance. These insights provide both theoretical advancements in spatial institutionalism and practical tools for policymakers navigating the dual challenges of urbanization and climate resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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23 pages, 9538 KiB  
Article
Assessing Users’ Satisfaction with the Urban Central Metro Station Area in Chengdu: An SEM-IPA Approach
by Jiexi Ma, Zhongwei Shen, Pengpeng Liang, Yu Zhao and Wen Song
Land 2025, 14(5), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051023 - 8 May 2025
Viewed by 504
Abstract
An urban central metro station area is a core hub within the high-quality Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) model. This study explores users’ perceptions of built environments around urban central metro stations to investigate the critical determinants of user satisfaction and proposes strategies to enhance [...] Read more.
An urban central metro station area is a core hub within the high-quality Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) model. This study explores users’ perceptions of built environments around urban central metro stations to investigate the critical determinants of user satisfaction and proposes strategies to enhance the quality of these environments. First, a comprehensive perception system, including location situation, field environment, and urban aesthetics, was developed through literature reviews and expert consultation. Secondly, three typical central metro station areas in Chengdu were selected as study cases, and 425 questionnaires were collected from August to October 2024. The data were analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM) to reveal the impact of built environment perception on overall satisfaction. The results indicate that the field environment has the strongest direct influence on satisfaction. Urban aesthetics impacts satisfaction both directly and indirectly, making its overall effect the most significant. While the location situation does not directly affect satisfaction, it indirectly influences satisfaction through its impact on the field environment and urban aesthetics. Subsequently, based on the satisfaction performance and SEM outcomes, an importance–performance analysis (IPA) was conducted to identify specific areas needing enhancement. Finally, we integrated environmental assessments with the above findings and put forth strategic recommendations to enhance the quality of the built environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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26 pages, 2581 KiB  
Article
Does New Infrastructure Promote the Development of Rural Industries? A Nonlinear Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data from China
by Lulin Liu, Xiaojie Ma and Yaolong Li
Land 2025, 14(5), 986; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14050986 - 2 May 2025
Viewed by 597
Abstract
Whether and how new infrastructure (NI) can drive the development of rural industries (DRI) is crucial to promoting urban–rural balance and ensuring national food security. Based on panel data from Chinese provincial-level regions (2013–2022), this study constructs a comprehensive DRI evaluation system encompassing [...] Read more.
Whether and how new infrastructure (NI) can drive the development of rural industries (DRI) is crucial to promoting urban–rural balance and ensuring national food security. Based on panel data from Chinese provincial-level regions (2013–2022), this study constructs a comprehensive DRI evaluation system encompassing production systems, economic benefits, industrial integration, and sustainable development. Using the entropy method to measure NI development levels, we examine its heterogeneous impacts on DRI through multiple analytical dimensions. The results reveal three key findings: First, a robust “inverted U-shaped” relationship exists between NI and DRI. Second, heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that (1) both eastern and western regions show this pattern while central and northeastern regions exhibit infrastructure saturation; (2) intelligent transportation infrastructure critically moderates this relationship—advanced regions achieve greater NI efficiency through digital infrastructure–transportation–industrial synergies, whereas underdeveloped regions face bottlenecks; and (3) provinces with lower population density but higher human capital show enhanced NI absorption capacity. Third, mechanism analysis confirms industrial structure upgrading and market expansion as key transmission channels. These findings suggest that implementing tiered intelligent transportation strategies, differentiated NI policies, human capital investment, and rural market expansion optimize NI’s rural development impacts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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19 pages, 4049 KiB  
Article
Does Intercity Transportation Accessibility Matter? Its Effects on Regional Network Centrality in South Korea
by Sangwan Lee, Jeongbae Jeon, Kuk Cho and Junhyuck Im
Land 2025, 14(4), 873; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14040873 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 618
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between intercity transportation accessibility and network centrality across South Korea by integrating Global Positioning System (GPS)-based mobility data with graph-theoretic centrality measures, including degree, PageRank, local clustering coefficient, harmonic, Katz, and information centrality. Employing both statistical modeling and [...] Read more.
This study investigates the relationship between intercity transportation accessibility and network centrality across South Korea by integrating Global Positioning System (GPS)-based mobility data with graph-theoretic centrality measures, including degree, PageRank, local clustering coefficient, harmonic, Katz, and information centrality. Employing both statistical modeling and machine learning techniques, this analysis uncovers key structural patterns and interaction effects within the national mobility network. The findings yield several important insights. First, the Seoul Metropolitan Area emerges as the dominant mobility hub, with Busan, Daegu, and Daejeon functioning as secondary centers, reflecting a polycentric urban configuration. Second, intermediary transfer hubs—despite having lower direct connectivity—substantially enhance overall network efficiency and interregional mobility. Third, transportation accessibility, particularly in relation to regional transit and highway infrastructure, exhibits a significant association with centrality measures and strong feature importance, identifying these modes as primary determinants of spatial connectivity. Fourth, the impact of accessibility on centrality is characterized by nonlinear relationships and threshold effects. By elucidating the complex interplay between mobility infrastructure and spatial network dynamics, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of regional connectivity and network centrality and offers policy-relevant insights for future transportation planning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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Review

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29 pages, 10029 KiB  
Review
The Evolution of the Interaction Between Urban Rail Transit and Land Use: A CiteSpace-Based Knowledge Mapping Approach
by Haochen Yang, Nana Cui and Haishan Xia
Land 2025, 14(7), 1386; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14071386 - 1 Jul 2025
Abstract
Urban rail transit is a key enabler for optimizing urban spatial structures, and its interactive relationship with land use has long been a focus of attention. However, existing studies suffer from scattered methodologies, a lack of systematic analysis, and insufficient dynamic insights into [...] Read more.
Urban rail transit is a key enabler for optimizing urban spatial structures, and its interactive relationship with land use has long been a focus of attention. However, existing studies suffer from scattered methodologies, a lack of systematic analysis, and insufficient dynamic insights into global trends. This study comprehensively employs CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica to conduct bibliometric and knowledge map analysis on 1894 articles from the Web of Science database between 2004 and 2024, focusing on global research trends, collaboration networks, thematic evolution, and methodological advancements. Key findings include the following: (1) research on rail transit and land use has been steadily increasing, with a significant “US-China dual-core” distribution, where most studies are concentrated in the United States and China, with higher research density in Asia; (2) domestic and international research has primarily focused on themes such as the built environment, value capture, and public transportation, with a recent shift toward artificial intelligence and smart city technology applications; (3) research methods have evolved from foundational 3S technologies (GIS, GPS, RS) to spatial modeling tools (e.g., LUTI model, node-place model), and the current emergence of AI-driven analysis (e.g., machine learning, deep learning, digital twins). The study identifies three future research directions—technology integration, data governance, and institutional innovation—which provide guidance for the coordinated planning of transportation and land use in future smart city development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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21 pages, 596 KiB  
Review
Literature Review on Public Transport and Land Use: Based on CiteSpace Statistical Analysis
by Yinjie He, Biao Liu, Chengyou Xu and Dafang Wu
Land 2025, 14(5), 1096; https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051096 - 18 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 850
Abstract
With the growing demand for mobility fueled by global population expansion and rapid urbanization, the intricate interplay between public transport and land use, along with their economic, environmental, and social externalities, has emerged as a critical concern for policymakers and the public alike. [...] Read more.
With the growing demand for mobility fueled by global population expansion and rapid urbanization, the intricate interplay between public transport and land use, along with their economic, environmental, and social externalities, has emerged as a critical concern for policymakers and the public alike. This study assembles publicly available academic literature, including papers, reports, books, and news articles, to construct a comprehensive database. Using CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software, this study conducts a visualized analysis of 10,470 scholarly works on public transport and land use published since 1932, identifying and synthesizing the researcher, research stages, research theories, research models, and research hotspots. Findings reveal that since Mitchell and Rapkin first introduced the transport–land use relationship in 1954, research in this field has steadily gained traction, particularly after the 1973 oil embargo crisis. The Journal of Transport and Land Use and institutions such as the University of Minnesota’s Transportation Research Center have played pivotal roles, particularly with the establishment of the World Society for Transport and Land Use Research (WSTLUR). In recent years, China’s high-speed rail expansion has further revitalized interest in this field. Prominent scholars in this domain include Robert Cervero, Reid Ewing, Michael Duncan, and Peter Calthorpe. Major theoretical frameworks encompass utility theory, urban economic theory, and the human–land system theory. Key modeling approaches include the spatial interaction model, the stochastic utility model, and urban economic models. Current research hotspots center on safety and public health, equity and valuation, environmental sustainability and energy efficiency, as well as transit-oriented development (TOD) and accessibility. This systematic literature review offers valuable insights to inform land use planning, enhance spatial structure, guide transportation project decision making, and optimize transport infrastructure and service provision. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territorial Space and Transportation Coordinated Development)
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