Accounting and Auditing in the Age of Sustainability and AI

A special issue of Journal of Risk and Financial Management (ISSN 1911-8074). This special issue belongs to the section "Business and Entrepreneurship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2027 | Viewed by 5241

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Accounting, Business School, The University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
Interests: financial reporting; earnings management; real activities manipulation; audit quality

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Guest Editor
1. Derby University, Derby, UK
2. Gulf Finance Centre, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref, Kuwait
Interests: accounting and auditing; management control systems; education and learning; organisational changes; mergers and acquisitions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Financial accounting and auditing lie at the heart of trust, transparency, and accountability within modern economies. Yet with the rapidly evolving financial and regulatory environment today, traditional approaches to reporting and assurance are increasingly being called into question. Complex corporate structures, digitalisation, sustainability pressures, expanding stakeholder expectations, and emergence of new challenges and opportunities by AI demand accounting and auditing systems that are not only rigorous but also flexible, forward-looking, and socially and environmentally aware.

This Special Issue in the Journal of Risk and Financial Management seeks to integrate contemporary advancements in financial accounting, and auditing with new knowledge from allied fields. Submissions that cover the evolving role of accounting and auditing in ensuring accountability and detecting irregularities, and the integration of management accounting in strategic decision-making are particularly encouraged. We also welcome papers on environmental and social reporting, reflecting the growing importance of sustainability disclosures and non-financial performance metrics.

Papers addressing taxation, government accounting, and the interplay among regulation, technology particularly AI, and professional judgement are also invited. We are especially keen to see studies that do not merely describe problems but offer theoretical, methodological, or policy solutions founded on robust empirical findings.

In inviting this Special Issue, we seek to balance the timeless foundations of accounting and auditing with the pressing demands of a global economy in transition. We invite innovative and rigorous submissions pushing the boundaries of how we envision transparency, assurance, and accountability in the 21st century.

Dr. Naser Makarem
Prof. Dr. Hassan Yazdifar
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • financial reporting
  • financial accounting
  • auditing
  • forensic accounting
  • accounting information systems
  • management accounting
  • social and environmental reporting
  • taxation
  • governmental accounting
  • AI

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

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32 pages, 1608 KB  
Review
From Adoption to Audit Quality: Mapping the Intellectual Structure of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Auditing
by Sheela Sundarasen, Kamilah Kamaludin and Deepa Nakiran
J. Risk Financial Manag. 2026, 19(3), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm19030209 - 11 Mar 2026
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Abstract
This study conducts a bibliometric and content analysis of ‘artificial intelligence-enabled auditing’ over three decades. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in auditing has evolved and is now an imperative practice in the auditing space. Using bibliometric methods via Bibliometrix R-package (Biblioshiny) [...] Read more.
This study conducts a bibliometric and content analysis of ‘artificial intelligence-enabled auditing’ over three decades. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in auditing has evolved and is now an imperative practice in the auditing space. Using bibliometric methods via Bibliometrix R-package (Biblioshiny) and VOSviewer, this research mainly examines the scholarly discussion on AI-enabled auditing, using the Scopus database. The main themes identified are: Theme 1: AI in auditing: readiness, representation, and implementation; Theme 2: data-driven audit ecosystems and digital technologies; and Theme 3: audit quality, professional skepticism, and ethical governance. On the descriptive end, publication trends, prominent authors, articles, and sources are identified. The findings highlight a significant increase in AI-enabled auditing studies since 2018, coinciding with growing global awareness on the importance of AI across all spheres of business. The outcome of this research contributes to a wide array of stakeholders, including businesses, audit firms, shareholders, and policymakers; it should give insights to business organizations on the capabilities of AI-assisted auditing, while policymakers should have access to verifiable, auditable and regulatory-compliant systems for the implementation of their regulations. Investors may further enhance their knowledge in terms of how AI-assisted auditing increases the quality of their investment decisions and, at the same time, the risks involved. Finally, auditing firms should further invest in improving the application of technology in the auditing environment and ensure quality, evidence-based audit outcomes, and reporting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting and Auditing in the Age of Sustainability and AI)
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22 pages, 2201 KB  
Systematic Review
From Predictive Accuracy to Algorithmic Justice: Mapping the Multidimensional Impact of AI in Tax Auditing
by Anas Azenzoul, Nacer Mahouat, Sophia Vandapuye, Sara Nait Slimane, Mourad Jbene and Khalil Mokhlis
J. Risk Financial Manag. 2026, 19(5), 354; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm19050354 - 12 May 2026
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Abstract
This study examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on tax auditing through a PRISMA-compliant systematic literature review and textometric analysis. By analyzing literature published between 2015 and 2025 using IRAMUTEQ, we uncover a nuanced perspective on AI’s evolving role. The results [...] Read more.
This study examines the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on tax auditing through a PRISMA-compliant systematic literature review and textometric analysis. By analyzing literature published between 2015 and 2025 using IRAMUTEQ, we uncover a nuanced perspective on AI’s evolving role. The results reveal a scholarly discourse highlighting significant advances in tax fraud prediction and financial risk assessment via deep learning and neural networks. This technological shift extends beyond operational efficiency to broader macroeconomic governance, simultaneously raising challenges regarding taxpayer equity and trust. Our findings underscore a transition in academic focus from purely technical applications to the ethical and psychological dimensions of AI. Finally, we propose the AI-Driven Tax Audit Model (ATAM), a framework designed to guide tax authorities in integrating these technologies by balancing algorithmic efficiency and financial risk mitigation with vertical equity and explainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting and Auditing in the Age of Sustainability and AI)
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22 pages, 359 KB  
Systematic Review
The Future of External Audit: A Systematic Literature Review of Emerging Technologies and Their Impact on External Audit Practices
by Ahmad Salim Moh’d Abderrahman and Naser Makarem
J. Risk Financial Manag. 2026, 19(3), 216; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm19030216 - 12 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Purpose: This study systematically reviews research on six emerging technologies in external auditing, Big Data, Blockchain, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Robotic Process Automation (RPA), to clarify what is currently known and to identify where the main gaps remain. [...] Read more.
Purpose: This study systematically reviews research on six emerging technologies in external auditing, Big Data, Blockchain, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Robotic Process Automation (RPA), to clarify what is currently known and to identify where the main gaps remain. Rather than treating each technology in isolation, this study brings them together under a single integrative review to provide a consolidated reference point for scholars assessing their impact on external audit practices. Design/Methodology/Approach: Following a structured systematic review protocol, searches were conducted in Scopus, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink (2000–2024) using technology-related keywords combined with “audit”, “auditor” and “auditing”. After applying explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria, 471 records were reduced to 32 ABS-listed journal articles, which were analysed thematically. Findings: The review shows that research on emerging technologies in external auditing is still fragmented, with substantial variation in the depth and maturity of evidence across the six technologies. The strongest empirical base is concentrated in Big Data analytics and ML-based predictive models (including more advanced Deep Learning variants), whereas Blockchain and RPA work remains predominantly conceptual or confined to small-scale design-science implementations. Across technologies, most studies are single-country and either rely on auditors’ self-reported perceptions of adoption and impact or evaluate model performance without tracing effects on audit strategies and engagement outcomes, which limits external validity and construct measurement. Very few articles explicitly integrate the Audit Risk Model or other formal theories, and almost no work examines multi-technology “audit stacks” or generative AI, leaving substantial gaps in understanding how these tools jointly reshape inherent, control and detection risk across the audit cycle. Originality/Value: By integrating six technologies within a single external audit framework, the review offers a technology-specific evidence map and a targeted future research agenda that can guide scholars, audit firms and regulators in designing studies and policies aligned with actual gaps in the current literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting and Auditing in the Age of Sustainability and AI)
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