Mental Disorders, Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Among Older Adults

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 625

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mental disorders, cognitive decline, and dementia represent critical public health challenges in the context of global aging. These problems profoundly affect the quality of life of older adults and their families, and must be comprehensively understood if effective solutions are to be developed. This Special Issue is dedicated to research on physical or cognitive interventions that aim to address mental disorders, cognitive decline, and dementia in older adults. It seeks to highlight effective multidisciplinary approaches that contribute to the prevention, management, and comprehensive care of these conditions from biological, physical, psychological, cognitive, and social perspectives. We welcome the submission of original research, systematic reviews, and any clinical studies that address mental disorders, cognitive decline, and dementia in older adults.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Epidemiologia.

Prof. Dr. Agustín Aibar Almazán
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • mental disorders
  • cognitive decline
  • dementia
  • older adults
  • mental health
  • exercise
  • physical function

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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21 pages, 1573 KiB  
Systematic Review
Effectiveness of Transcranial Stimulation on Cognitive Abilities of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
by Juan Miguel Muñoz-Perete, Javier Cano-Sánchez, Yolanda Castellote-Caballero, Paulino Vico-Rodríguez, Marta Cano-Orihuela, Marcelina Sánchez-Alcalá and María del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(7), 2472; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072472 - 4 Apr 2025
Viewed by 499
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Aging leads to cognitive decline that may progress to dementia. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a strategy to improve cognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study reviews the effectiveness of tDCS in these [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Aging leads to cognitive decline that may progress to dementia. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a strategy to improve cognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study reviews the effectiveness of tDCS in these populations. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Randomized controlled trials obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Cinahl, and Web of Science were included. Studies with tDCS intervention in older adults with MCI were selected, excluding those without a control group or that did not measure relevant cognitive variables. Methodological quality was analyzed with the PEDro scale and a meta-analysis was applied with random-effects models. Results: A total of 27 studies were included in this review, of which 13 were part of the meta-analysis. tDCS showed significant improvements in global cognitive function (p < 0.001) and selective attention (p = 0.044), but not in mental flexibility or visual attention. Positive effects on quality of life and depressive symptoms were also reported in some studies. Conclusions: tDCS may improve cognitive functions in older adults with MCI, but inconsistencies persist in its magnitude and duration. It is recommended to standardize protocols and conduct studies with greater methodological rigor and long-term follow-up. Full article
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