Journal of Ageing and Longevity

The institutionalisation of older adults is often associated with negative perceptions from the past, influenced by asylums and hospices that were seen as marginalising older people. These views have contributed to a dominant social representation of residential care as undesirable, being associated with the ideas of social death, isolation and confinement. However, changes in family structures and longer life expectancies have increased the need for residential care. It is thus essential to rethink these institutions as integral parts of the community rather than isolating and marginalising them. Bridging the generation gap and integrating care institutions can help to combat negative perceptions, such as ageism, and promote a more inclusive view of elderly care. One way of involving older adults and recognising their rights and contributions is through community initiatives such as choirs. Community choirs can enhance social cohesion and music learning, offering older adults personal fulfilment, community involvement and resilience. These initiatives underscore respect for autonomy and emphasise their continuing value to society. This study explores the potential impact of community music on relieving feelings of loneliness among older adults in formal care settings. The project engaged 216 participants in singing classes held twice a week over six months. Utilising ethnographic observations and collective interviews with the participants, institutional staff, and family members, in this paper, the changes in participants’ self-perception of loneliness and perspectives from family members and staff are analysed. The findings indicate positive effects on the participants, especially in the psychological, educational and social dimensions, including increased autonomy, active participation, learning and social integration. The project engendered trust, empathy, mutual support and a sense of belonging and community, suggesting that community music contributes to mitigating loneliness and enhancing overall well-being. Full article

Background: Cognitive decline does not always occur; therefore, it is important to recognise the predictors in people over 60. The COVID-19 pandemic led to isolation to limit the spread of the virus, with older people being the most affected. Objectives: To analyse the cognitive variables of older adults in confinement during COVID-19 using tele-neuropsychology for cognitive assessment, comparing online with in-person screening. Methods: In total, 148 subjects took part in the study. Participants were assigned to the in-person or online intervention based on their preferences. A person close to the patient also participated in the study as an informant. Results: The results support the suitability of the protocol used in both modalities (face-to-face/online). Conclusions: Both assessments (face-to-face and online) are equally effective. The findings are consistent with the importance of cognitive measures and the key informant corroboration in identifying indicators of cognitive decline and implementing early intervention strategies. Full article

Shared decision making is a key part of patient-centered care and is associated with improved quality of care. The objective was to analyze associations between sociodemographic factors, health conditions, and how frequently providers ask Medicare beneficiaries about ideas to improve their own health. The 2020 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, a nationally representative dataset of beneficiaries aged ≥65 years, was analyzed (n = 7416). A survey-weighted multinomial logistic model was performed to analyze associations between independent variables and a three-level categorical dependent variable. Approximately 28.6%, 22.9%, and 48.5% of beneficiaries reported never (reference group), sometimes, and usually/always being asked about their own ideas for improving health, respectively. Beneficiaries aged 65–74 were more likely to usually/always or sometimes be asked for ideas about health improvement than those aged ≥75. Beneficiaries with lower than a high school education were less likely to be asked about ideas to improve their health than those with more than a high school education. Beneficiaries living alone were less likely to be asked about their health improvement ideas than those living with others. Disparities involving how often providers asked questions for shared decision making among beneficiaries were observed. Increasing provider awareness and implementation of standardized shared decision-making models may begin to mitigate these disparities. Full article

This study aimed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the decision-making process among older adults regarding leaving their homes and relocating to senior living communities (SLCs) in the United States. Specifically, it explored various aspects of the relocation experience, including the reasons behind their decision to relocate, the factors influencing their choice of destination, and the challenges encountered during the decision-making process. The study’s data were collected from 44 older adults residing in SLCs through five in-depth, semi-structured focus group discussions. The study results revealed that older adults’ decisions to relocate to an SLC were influenced by health-related factors, housing- and property-related factors, family dynamics, and socio-psychological factors. Older adults evaluated environmental and locational factors, facility attractions and amenities, and opportunities for socialization when selecting an SLC for relocation. Additionally, the study identified several barriers faced by older adults, including family-related barriers, economic constraints, socio-psychological barriers, and barriers related to knowledge and information about SLCs. Full article

Polyphenol-Rich Sugarcane Extract (PRSE), derived from Saccharum officinarum, demonstrates significant neuroprotective effects against amyloid-beta (Aβ_1–42)-induced deficits associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study utilized transgenic C. elegans expressing Aβ_1–42 to investigate PRSE’s impact on lifespan, sensory behavior, learning, memory, and amyloid fibril accumulation. Supplementation with 5 mg/mL of PRSE extended the mean lifespan of Aβ_1–42 worms by 11% (17.78 ± 0.36 days) and reduced amyloid fibril levels by 34% in aged worms compared to untreated worms. PRSE also improved sensory behavior, with a 27% increase in naïve chemotaxis at day 8. Memory deficits were mitigated, with PRSE-treated worms showing 21% and 30% reductions in short-term associative memory loss after 1 h intervals on days 8 and 12, respectively. These improvements can be associated with the polyphenolic compounds in PRSE, which aid in reducing amyloid aggregation. The findings highlight PRSE’s potential as a dietary supplement to address AD-related symptoms and pathologies. Further studies are needed to understand its mechanisms and confirm its effectiveness in mammals, supporting its potential use as a natural preventative supplement for Alzheimer’s and related neurodegenerative diseases. Full article

Antithrombotic medication is recommended for individuals who have a history of atrial fibrillation, venous thromboembolism, acute coronary events, or post-percutaneous coronary intervention. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of antithrombotics among older adults living with dementia at hospital admission and 1-month follow-up, treatments prescribed, and associated complications. The sample included 404 hospitalized older adults living with dementia, the majority of whom were White females, mean age in years of 82 (SD = 8). On admission, 69% of the patients were on at least one antithrombotic medication, and at 1-month post-discharge, this decreased to 64%. At 1-month post-discharge, the percentage of individuals on two or more antithrombotics decreased from admission at 34% to 14%. On admission, 11 (4%) of patients were admitted with adverse events from antithrombotics, and at 1-month post-discharge 5 (2%), patients were readmitted due to adverse events from antithrombotics. Given the risks and benefits of antithrombotic use among older adults living with dementia, a shared decision-making approach with patients and caregivers is recommended. This approach is the best way to help patients achieve their individual goals of care. Full article

This article explores the transformative potential of Artful Ageing as a conceptual framework for enriching experiences in later life. By synthesising Manning’s theory of minor gestures with Basting’s creative care approach, the article demonstrates how Artful Ageing fundamentally reconfigures our understanding of the ageing experience. The findings indicate that this framework transforms ageing from a narrative of decline into a dynamic process of becoming, where physical and existential spaces intertwine to create opportunities for emancipatory experiences. The transformative power emerges through what Manning terms “art-as-practice” and Basting describes as “moments of awe”—small, ephemeral encounters that carry profound potential for connection and meaning-making. This study reveals how Artful Ageing transforms conventional care environments into cultural spaces where creativity becomes embedded in everyday interactions rather than isolated to scheduled activities. The author identifies how this approach enables a shift from outcome-oriented interventions focused primarily on physical health to process-oriented engagements that honour the non-rational and in-between elements of ageing lives. The research demonstrates that when implemented, Artful Ageing transforms not only individual experiences but also relational dynamics and institutional structures, challenging biopolitical agendas embedded in current regimes of active ageing. This transformative framework ultimately offers new pathways for understanding and supporting meaningful engagement throughout later life. Full article

This review and discussion article is based on a literature review of selected materials and is devoted to the role of research agendas in linking research and policy in the field of ageing and longevity. After emphasizing the importance of research evidence in international policy frameworks on ageing and defining the main parameters of research agendas, the authors turn to describing how research agendas can play a key role in bridging research and policy on population ageing and individual longevity. Examples of international (global), regional and national research agendas are presented. Finally, the authors reflect on the benefits and current limitations of research agendas in supporting evidence-based policy and highlight the potential role of research agendas in developing appropriate and timely responses to the challenges and opportunities of population ageing and individual longevity. Full article

A 7-week group-based cooking program led by an occupational therapist was developed for older adult clients in Senior Care Centres (SCCs) in Singapore. This study aimed to test this cooking program’s feasibility and clinical effects in a SCC. A mixed-methods study design was implemented over 3 months, which included a 7-week intervention and a booster session 1-month post-intervention. Eligible participants were screened for participation. Feasibility was assessed by recording recruitment, attendance and attrition rates. Pre- and post-assessments, including community mobility, physical function and self-perceived quality of life, at three time points, were conducted to measure functional changes. Quantitative data were analysed using repeated measure analysis of variance, and all interviews were audio-recorded with permission and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis. Six out of seven participants completed the program with a high attendance rate (80.4%). Participants demonstrated improvements in physical functions and community mobility immediately after the intervention and at a one-month follow-up. Participants shared their motivational factors for participating and demonstrated positive changes in lifestyle routines, dietary habits, and nutritional knowledge. Social and personal factors were found to play a crucial role in their compliance and active participation in the program. Our finding suggests that a structured cooking program for older adults at an SCC is acceptable and feasible in Singapore. Finetuning of the program content is necessary before conducting a larger study. Full article

Age discrimination in nursing may result in judgmental care and compromise the quality of care offered to older adults. While geriatric–gerontological education can address ageism among nursing students, cross-cultural perspectives on aging remain understudied. This study describes the characteristics of nursing students in the USA and Japan and explores their perspectives on aging after completing a life review assignment, both personally and professionally. A mixed-methods study using quantitative surveys and an exploratory–descriptive qualitative design was conducted at two nursing schools (one each in the USA and Japan). Students participated voluntarily with strict anonymity and confidentiality. There were significant differences between American and Japanese nursing students in both demographics and perceived impact of the life review assignment. The American students were predominantly older and had more experience in caregiving for older adults, whereas the Japanese students were younger and lacked such experience. The qualitative analysis revealed an increased awareness of patient-centered care for older adults as a major professional theme across both groups. The life review assignment proved effective in providing meaningful experiential learning opportunities for future nurses across different cultural contexts. This method appears promising in addressing ageism through personalized engagement with older adults. Full article

Age-related hearing loss is becoming more prevalent as the aging population continues to rise worldwide. Left untreated, hearing loss is a significantly under-reported concern that negatively impacts quality of life including mental health, cognition, and healthcare communication. Since many older adults may not report hearing concerns to their primary physicians, allied healthcare providers (AHPs) have an important role in recognizing communication challenges due to potential hearing loss, screening for hearing issues, and making referrals as needed. Moreover, AHPs may need to address hearing loss, at least temporarily, to provide their services when communication problems are present. The purpose of this study was to examine knowledge and practice patterns of AHPs regarding hearing loss among their patients. Results of a national survey indicated that many AHPs understand the negative implications of unaddressed hearing loss and the importance of hearing screening, but they are unsure of who, when, and how to address it. Consequently, immediate and innovative solutions are offered to AHPs to enhance communication with patients who might have unaddressed hearing loss. Moreover, findings can be used to develop training and policies to ensure that professionals are well positioned to address the complex needs of individuals with unaddressed hearing loss. Full article

Background: The global population is experiencing a demographic shift towards older ages, which has the potential to increase the prevalence of ageing-related diseases and associated healthcare costs. Promoting healthy ageing behaviours, such as physical and social activity, has been shown to reduce disability and frailty among older people and improve their life satisfaction. To this aim, several Healthy Ageing Centres have been established across nine municipalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to support healthy ageing behaviours in older populations. This cross-sectional study hypothesises that participation in these centres will be associated with an increase in healthy behaviours. Methods: This exploratory study compares the behaviours of Healthy Ageing Centre members (n = 399) and non-members (n = 55) to assess if participation in Healthy Ageing Centres is associated with healthy ageing behaviours such as physical activity, social interactions, and life satisfaction. Results: Members at Healthy Ageing Centres had a higher life satisfaction, exercised for significantly longer, and engaged in social activities more frequently than non-members. No differences were found in diet, alcohol consumption or loneliness levels. Conclusions: The present study highlights the positive behaviours associated with attending Healthy Ageing Centres, suggesting that their establishment in ageing populations could be beneficial for supporting healthy ageing. Full article

Age-related declines in muscle mass, neuromuscular, and physical function can be mitigated by resistance training (RT). Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Ω-3 PUFAs) supplementation has shown benefits in older adults. However, it remains unclear if combining Ω-3 PUFAs with RT is more effective than RT alone or with placebo. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Ω-3 PUFAs combined with RT compared to RT alone or placebo on muscle mass and function in healthy older adults (≥65 y). Databases such as PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched on 11 April 2024. No restriction on language or publication date was implemented. Mean differences (MDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals and pooled effects were calculated. Nine studies (n = 286, 54% men) met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis found no significant effect of Ω-3 PUFAs on muscle mass or neuromuscular function but a large effect on chair-rise performance. Potential impact of Ω-3 PUFAs dose, duration, or sex were not observed. Most studies had varying levels of bias, and none met recommended quality standards for investigating Ω-3 PUFAs, but findings suggest no clear advantage of combining Ω-3 PUFAs with RT. Full article

Background: Smart home technologies (SHTs) hold promise for supporting older adults by enabling early detection and intervention in mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. However, adoption remains limited due to usability, accessibility, and privacy concerns. Methods: This narrative review examined the literature from 2010 to early 2024 related to SHTs and their impact on older adults’ mental health. In total, 34 relevant studies met the inclusion criteria, and also, a standardized quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the methodological soundness of the included studies. Results: Findings reveal that interface complexity, cognitive overload, high costs, and privacy concerns are significant barriers to adoption. Accessibility challenges, including physical and sensory impairments, further reduce engagement and inclusivity. Key facilitators for user acceptance include user-centric design, personalization, participatory co-development, and cultural adaptations. SHTs incorporating AI-driven features, such as behavioral monitoring, medication reminders, and social engagement tools, demonstrate significant potential for early mental health interventions. Based on these findings, we propose a holistic framework integrating technical innovation with human-centered design to address these challenges and optimize SHTs for mental healthcare. Conclusions: Tailored systems that prioritize usability, accessibility, ethical data management, and user feedback can empower older adults to maintain autonomy, support aging in place, and enhance their quality of life with dignity. Full article

This study introduces racial capitalism, the theory that racism and capitalistic exploitation are inextricably linked, into psychology and gerontology by exploring its mental impact across different age groups of Black Americans. Using Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT), 27 participants from diverse age groups and socioeconomic statuses were interviewed via theoretical and purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted to examine their lived experiences of racial capitalism and its evolving mental health impact. Data collection continued until thematic saturation was reached, and analysis followed an iterative coding process to identify emergent themes. The analysis revealed three themes: Individual-level racism impacts older adults’ mental well-being; middle-aged adults are learning from older adults’ poor mental health awareness; and younger adults are mentally struggling under the weight of capitalistic exploitation. Older adults primarily focused on individual-level racism earlier in life, maintaining a generally positive outlook. Middle-aged adults reflected on limited mental health awareness passed down from older cohorts and the strain of limited generational wealth transfer. Younger participants expressed heightened mental distress due to contemporary systemic racism and exploitation. These findings informed the development of Cumulative Racial Capitalism Theory (CRCT), a framework theorizing how racism and capitalism continually evolve, cumulatively impacting Black Americans’ mental health. Full article

Hyponatremia, a common electrolyte imbalance in older adults, results from physiological aging, medication use, and comorbidities, with significant implications for morbidity and quality of life. This narrative review aims to explore the impact of dietary habits and nutritional deficiencies on the development and management of hyponatremia in this population. A literature search identified relevant studies addressing the risk factors related to sodium balance, dietary intake, and nutrition. The key findings reveal that low sodium and age-related changes increase vulnerability to hyponatremia and its associated risks, including cognitive decline and falls. Nutritional strategies, such as optimizing sodium and protein intake and reducing processed food consumption, may offer preventative benefits. Future research should focus on tailored dietary interventions and establishing sodium intake guidelines specific to older adults. Implementing such strategies could improve the health outcomes and reduce the healthcare costs associated with hyponatremia in older populations. Full article

Informal dementia home caregiving is viewed negatively by society and can result in caregiver depression and anxiety from burnout, potentially compromising caregiving. Caregiver creation of a graphic memoir may help to mitigate the negative dementia narrative while engaging in it, and a psychoanalytic narratology method may reduce experienced depression and anxiety associated with burnout. This investigation examines writing, illustrating, and publishing a graphic memoir by one informal dementia home caregiver. As the mother of the illustrator and the editor and publisher of this graphic memoir, I provide the perspective of this investigation based on communications with the author and illustrator. My historical analysis, in which the author participated, represents psychoanalytic narrative research, serving as the historical method. The effects of writing, illustrating, and publishing the graphic memoir were able to reduce the informal dementia home caregivers’ symptoms during the entire process and extend the effect of this endeavor until the death of the mother. Engaging in the psychoanalytic narrative research process was additionally effective in this regard. The outcomes demonstrate the viability of writing and illustrating a publishable graphic memoir for other informal dementia home caregivers and the possibility of it and the narrative research method to help decrease their depression and anxiety regarding burnout. Full article

Loneliness is well documented as a major, yet preventable, risk factor for well-being among older adults that was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly half of some countries’ older population experience loneliness, which significantly increases risks for dementia, heart disease, stroke, depression, anxiety, hospitalization, and even hastened death. Utilizing socioemotional selectivity theory, the current study addresses. the inverse relationship between aging and social outlet availability by providing empirical data on the benefits of intergenerational programming. Data from adult–college student dyads who participated in a telephone reassurance program focused on reminiscence guiding were analyzed to determine outcomes of participation. Qualitative analyses revealed the emergence of themes surrounding familial/friendship bonds and self-discovery among adult participants and a rejuvenated appreciation for the little things in life as well as a sense of purpose from meaningful contributions among college student participants. Results are discussed in terms of continued growth and development during late adulthood and professional and personal growth among students. The psychologically and emotionally meaningful nature of quality intergenerational programs provides a platform for the formation of unique relationships to offset fractured social outlets during later life, providing protections against loneliness and work to establish unique relationships between disparate groups who otherwise may never have crossed paths. Full article

Depressive symptoms are influenced not only by absolute income but also by relative income, particularly among older adults. The present article, guided by relative deprivation theory and the relative position hypothesis, examines the relationship between neighborhood relative income and depressive symptoms in older adults. This study utilized a merged dataset from the American Community Survey data and the RAND Health and Retirement Study data (N = 3071; age 65+). Neighborhood relative income was measured by calculating the difference between the natural logarithm of an individual’s household income and the natural logarithm of the median household income in their Census tract and then dividing this difference by the natural logarithm of the median household income in the same tract. Negative binomial regression revealed a significant link between lower relative economic positions and more counts of depressive symptoms, even after controlling for individual and neighborhood covariates. These findings underscore the urgent need for social work interventions and policies that address the mental health impacts of economic inequities in older populations. Full article