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Bioprinting: Progress and Challenges
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Bioprinting: Progress and Challenges

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2026 | Viewed by 11053

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Rui Vitorino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: proteomic; bioinformatic; body fluids; integrative analysis; pipelines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The International Journal of Molecular Sciences is pleased to announce a Special Issue dedicated to the dynamic and rapidly evolving field of bioprinting. The aim of this Special Issue is to capture the latest research findings, technological advances and applications at the intersection of this transformative field. We invite researchers, scientists and practitioners to contribute high-quality original research articles, comprehensive reviews and insightful case studies.

We invite contributions that address advances in 3D bioprinting technologies. Another focus is on biomaterials for bioprinting. Research should address the development and characterization of novel biomaterials, focusing on their biocompatibility, mechanical properties and functional performance in bioprinting applications.

We are also looking for studies that demonstrate the practical applications of bioprinting in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This includes case studies and research on bioprinted tissues and organs, as well as applications that demonstrate the potential of bioprinting in regenerative medicine. In addition, we welcome studies on cellular and molecular interactions in bioprinted constructs, investigating how cells interact with each other and with biomaterials in bioprinted structures, as well as the molecular pathways involved in tissue formation and development within these constructs. Finally, we are interested in exploring bioprinted organ and tissue models for disease research, including the creation and use of these models to study disease mechanisms and their application in drug testing, toxicology studies and personalized medicine.

We encourage you to submit papers that showcase innovative research, novel methods and transformative applications that bridge the gap between these exciting fields.

Dr. Rui Vitorino
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • advances in 3D bioprinting technologies
  • biomaterials for bioprinting
  • bioprinting applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
  • cellular and molecular interactions in bioprinted constructs
  • bio-printed organ and tissue models for disease research

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 4277 KB  
Article
A Peptide-Centric DIA-NN Reanalysis Uncovers Structurally Coherent Salivary Signatures of Type 2 Diabetes
by Rui Vitorino
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(4), 2040; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27042040 - 22 Feb 2026
Viewed by 478
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) causes systemic metabolic and inflammatory changes that affect the oral cavity, but salivary molecular markers remain poorly characterized. A peptide-centric reanalysis of salivary proteomics data was performed using DIA-NN for peptide-level quantification, without collapsing peptide signals into protein-level summaries. [...] Read more.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) causes systemic metabolic and inflammatory changes that affect the oral cavity, but salivary molecular markers remain poorly characterized. A peptide-centric reanalysis of salivary proteomics data was performed using DIA-NN for peptide-level quantification, without collapsing peptide signals into protein-level summaries. Although the qualitative peptide repertoire was largely conserved between T2D and control samples (>96% overlap), T2D showed coordinated quantitative changes in specific peptide subsets. Differentially abundant peptides primarily originated from complement C3, alpha-2-macroglobulin, serotransferrin, mucins, apolipoproteins, and hemoglobin, with a significant enrichment of oxidized cysteine-containing peptides, indicating redox imbalance and low-grade inflammation. Structural analysis with AlphaFold showed that T2D-associated peptides are located in solvent-exposed and conformationally dynamic regions of proteins. These findings suggest that disease specificity in diabetic saliva occurs mainly at the peptide level, offering mechanistic insight into non-invasive biomarker identification and longitudinal disease monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioprinting: Progress and Challenges)
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Review

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25 pages, 1197 KB  
Review
3D Bioprinting Strategies in Autoimmune Disease Models
by Natalia Wiewiórska-Krata, Bartosz Foroncewicz, Radosław Zagożdżon and Krzysztof Mucha
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(1), 343; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010343 - 29 Dec 2025
Viewed by 1343
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a rapidly evolving technology that uses complementary biomaterials to emulate native extracellular matrices, enabling the generation of finely patterned, multicellular tissue architectures. Autoimmune diseases (AD), which are characterized by chronic, often organ-specific, immune response, are ideally suited to these [...] Read more.
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a rapidly evolving technology that uses complementary biomaterials to emulate native extracellular matrices, enabling the generation of finely patterned, multicellular tissue architectures. Autoimmune diseases (AD), which are characterized by chronic, often organ-specific, immune response, are ideally suited to these in vitro models. This review summarizes the current state of 3D bioprinting for modelling AD, focusing on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as applications to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), neuroinflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and other AD. Bioprinting modalities, advances in immune competent bioinks, strategies for vascularization and approaches to the hybridization of printed tissues with organoids and organ-on-chip systems are reviewed. From a clinical perspective, this review focuses on applications with translational potential, including immune-competent models derived from patients for biomarker discovery, drug screening and treatment response prediction. The key challenges, notably the reconstitution of full immune complexity, stable and perfusable vasculature, and maintenance of long-term viability and function are highlighted. Finally, future directions are defined to enhance the clinical utility and impact of 3D bioprinting across preclinical development and precision medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioprinting: Progress and Challenges)
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40 pages, 15913 KB  
Review
Photocrosslinkable Biomaterials for 3D Bioprinting: Mechanisms, Recent Advances, and Future Prospects
by Yushang Lai, Xiong Xiao, Ziwei Huang, Hongying Duan, Liping Yang, Yuchu Yang, Chenxi Li and Li Feng
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12567; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312567 - 22 Nov 2024
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 8286
Abstract
Constructing scaffolds with the desired structures and functions is one of the main goals of tissue engineering. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technology that enables the personalized fabrication of devices with regulated biological and mechanical characteristics similar to natural tissues/organs. To date, [...] Read more.
Constructing scaffolds with the desired structures and functions is one of the main goals of tissue engineering. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technology that enables the personalized fabrication of devices with regulated biological and mechanical characteristics similar to natural tissues/organs. To date, 3D bioprinting has been widely explored for biomedical applications like tissue engineering, drug delivery, drug screening, and in vitro disease model construction. Among different bioinks, photocrosslinkable bioinks have emerged as a powerful choice for the advanced fabrication of 3D devices, with fast crosslinking speed, high resolution, and great print fidelity. The photocrosslinkable biomaterials used for light-based 3D printing play a pivotal role in the fabrication of functional constructs. Herein, this review outlines the general 3D bioprinting approaches related to photocrosslinkable biomaterials, including extrusion-based printing, inkjet printing, stereolithography printing, and laser-assisted printing. Further, the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of photopolymerization and photoinitiators are discussed. Next, recent advances in natural and synthetic photocrosslinkable biomaterials used for 3D bioprinting are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of photocrosslinkable bioinks and bioprinting approaches are envisaged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioprinting: Progress and Challenges)
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