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Horticulturae
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New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production
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New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Insect Pest Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2023) | Viewed by 16372

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Katarzyna Kmieć

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
Interests: plant protection; arthropod-plant interactions; aphids; galling insects
Dr. Elżbieta Mielniczuk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
Interests: plant diseases; plant resistance to pathogens; mycotoxins; protection of plants against pathogens
Dr. Katarzyna Golan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
Interests: plant protection; arthropod-plant interactions; scale insects
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During the growing period, horticultural crops are threatened by a wide range of invertebrate pests (especially insects, mites, nematodes, molluscs) and pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses), which can cause giant economic losses. With the increase in the number and size of protected cultivation areas, pest pressure increases, and becomes more complex. In recent years, the emergence of new invasive pathogens and pests, increasing problem of pesticide resistance, and the need for the sustainable use of pesticides are the main concerns of plant protection.

Nowadays, there is a great need to develop rapid and accurate diagnostic methods, monitoring and forecasting options and models, and optimize disease and pest management strategies by adopting novel, integrated, and sustainable control methods.

This Special Issue entitled “New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production” cordially invites experts from around the world to submit scientific materials (original research, reviews, and opinions) covering all aspects of horticultural crop protection, such as the findings on newly establishing or invading diseases and pests; dispersal of invasive species; pesticide resistance; innovative monitoring approaches, models, and techniques; advances in chemical/biological methods of plant protection; methods to induce and utilize crop resistance. Particularly welcome are studies in which the efficacy of any of the approaches mentioned above have been not only designed but also tested in the field.

Dr. Katarzyna Kmieć
Dr. Elżbieta Mielniczuk
Dr. Katarzyna Golan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • insects
  • mites
  • nematodes, molluscs
  • fungi
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • plant pests and diseases
  • crop protection
  • chemical control
  • non-chemical control
  • invasive pests and diseases
  • monitoring
  • identification of pests and diseases
  • biological control
  • integrated pest management
  • pesticide resistance

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 636 KiB  
Communication
Evaluation of the Acaricidal Activity of Lithium Chloride against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)
by Izabella Solti, Éva Kolics, Sándor Keszthelyi, Zsuzsanna Bacsi, Ádám Staszny, Erzsébet Nagy, János Taller, Kinga Mátyás and Balázs Kolics
Horticulturae 2022, 8(12), 1127; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8121127 - 1 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1339
Abstract
Tetranychus urticae is a severe threat and a major source of yield loss in some agricultural and horticultural crops and it is also as a vector for several viruses. The number of active substances used against the pest is limited. Therefore, there is [...] Read more.
Tetranychus urticae is a severe threat and a major source of yield loss in some agricultural and horticultural crops and it is also as a vector for several viruses. The number of active substances used against the pest is limited. Therefore, there is a continuous need for new active substances. Recently, lithium salts have been shown to be one of the most promising potential alternatives to control Varroa destructor; an apicultural mite pest. Based on this, we aimed to test whether the efficacy of lithium chloride extends to other agricultural mite pests, such as the two-spotted spider mite. In the present pilot study, we report for the first time that the efficacy of lithium chloride is extended to the two-spotted spider mite. Additionally, this is the first report on the acaricidal effectiveness of lithium on a plant mite pest. In the present study, we report three different concentrations that bear 100% mortality at concentrations of 5.52 M, 2.76 M, and 1.38 M. The symptoms caused were similar and followed the same sequence compared to those observed on animal parasites such as V. destructor and Dermanyssus gallinae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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14 pages, 1664 KiB  
Article
The Pathogen of Top Rot Disease in Rosa roxburghii and Its Effective Control Fungicides
by Jiaohong Li, Yue Luo, Min Lu, Xiaomao Wu and Huaming An
Horticulturae 2022, 8(11), 1036; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8111036 - 5 Nov 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1724
Abstract
Top rot is a new fungal fruit disease in Rosa roxburghii production regions of southwest China. In this study, the pathogen of top rot disease in R. roxburghii fruits was firstly identified as Colletotrichum fructicola CXCDF-3 based on the pathogenicity, morphology, and multigene [...] Read more.
Top rot is a new fungal fruit disease in Rosa roxburghii production regions of southwest China. In this study, the pathogen of top rot disease in R. roxburghii fruits was firstly identified as Colletotrichum fructicola CXCDF-3 based on the pathogenicity, morphology, and multigene phylogenetic analysis. The biological property test results indicated that the optimal growth conditions of C. fructicola CXCDF-3 were 25 °C, pH 6.0~8.0, full light or darkness, D-(+) maltose, peptone, and PDA medium. Moreover, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin, prothioconazole, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz, carbendazim, and cyprodinil displayed superior toxicity activities to C. fructicola CXCDF-3 with EC50 values of 0.26, 0.64, 0.99, 2.15, 4.64, 4.89, 7.27, and 7.73 mg L−1, respectively. The field control efficacies of 80% tebuconazole water-dispersible granule (WG) 6000-fold liquid, 10% difenoconazole WG 5000-fold liquid, and 250 g/L azoxystrobin emulsifiable concentrate (SC) 1000-fold liquid against top rot disease of R. roxburghii fruits were 85.44%, 84.47%, and 83.50%, respectively. This study reports for the first time that the novel top rot disease in R. roxburghii is caused by C. fructicola and highlights that 80% tebuconazole WG, 10% difenoconazole WG, and 250 g/L azoxystrobin SC could be recommended for controlling top rot disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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15 pages, 7453 KiB  
Article
Bio-Management of Root-Knot Nematodes on Cucumber Using Biocidal Effects of Some Brassicaceae Crops
by Eman El-Remaly, Ahmed A. Osman, Hany G. Abd El-Gawad, Fayez Althobaiti, Sarah Albogami, Eldessoky S. Dessoky and Mohamed M. El-Mogy
Horticulturae 2022, 8(8), 699; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080699 - 2 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2884
Abstract
Biofumigant and crop sequencing are effective and safe control system activators that maintain soil fertility and reduce pest populations. The study goals were to find new pesticide-free therapies for root-knot nematode management on cucumbers to maintain high yields and protect the environment and [...] Read more.
Biofumigant and crop sequencing are effective and safe control system activators that maintain soil fertility and reduce pest populations. The study goals were to find new pesticide-free therapies for root-knot nematode management on cucumbers to maintain high yields and protect the environment and human health. In 2018 and 2019, the research employed a fully randomized block design under field conditions with five treatments and control: two bio- fumigants, cultivation of cucumber after broccoli plantlets incorporation (BPI) and radish plantlets incorporation (RPI), two crop sequence treatments (cultivation after broccoli (BCS) and radish (RCS), and nematicide treatment). Cucumber cultivation after BPI treatment exhibited the best horticultural traits, which reflected positively on early and total productivity. The increased yield was gained by suppressing all nematode parameters, the number of nematode larvae, galls, and egg masses, as well as egg hatching reduction. The most effective biocides, total phenols, myrosinase activity, total glucosinolates (GSLs), and isothiocyanates (ITCs) in brassica crops were estimated for their pesticide properties. The highest amount was released with BPI treatment, compared to adult plants and radish in its two stages. The bio-managed treatments revealed superior effectiveness compared to nematicide application and control to suppress the nematode population while enhancing cucumber growth and production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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14 pages, 904 KiB  
Article
Epidemiological Role of Dictyophara europaea (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae) in the Transmission of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’
by Tatjana Cvrković, Jelena Jović, Oliver Krstić, Slavica Marinković, Miljana Jakovljević, Milana Mitrović and Ivo Toševski
Horticulturae 2022, 8(7), 654; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8070654 - 19 Jul 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2181
Abstract
Bois noir, an economically important disease of grapevine yellows that causes significant economic losses in wine production, is associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ and transmitted to grapevines by cixiids Hyalesthes obsoletus and Reptalus panzeri. Polyphagous planthopper Dictyophara europaea, commonly found [...] Read more.
Bois noir, an economically important disease of grapevine yellows that causes significant economic losses in wine production, is associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ and transmitted to grapevines by cixiids Hyalesthes obsoletus and Reptalus panzeri. Polyphagous planthopper Dictyophara europaea, commonly found in natural habitats, harbors phytoplasmas from distinct groups and is an alternative vector in the open epidemiological cycles of the Flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine in European vineyards. This study addresses the role of D. europaea in the transmission cycle(s) of ‘Ca. P. solani’ among wild habitats, natural reservoir plants, and the vineyard agroecosystem using MLSA and transmission trials with naturally infected adults to grapevine and Catharanthus roseus. The infection rates of D. europaea ranged from 7% to 13% in diverse locations, while reservoir herbaceous plants were infected in the amount of 29%. A total of 13 CaPsol MLSA genotypes were detected in D. europaea (7) and plants (8). Nine of them corresponded to previously identified genotypes. Two new genotypes were found in D. europaea (tuf-b1/S1/V14/Rqg50-sv1 and tuf-b1/S18/V14/Rqg50-sv1) and one in Convolvulus arvensis (tuf-b1/S1/V2-TA/Rqg31-sv1), whereas one was shared by two hosts, Crepis foetida and Daucus carota (tuf-b1/S1/V2-TA/STOL-sv1). Naturally infected D. europaea successfully transmitted the tuf-b1/S1/V2-TA/STOL type to five grapevines and six periwinkles, tuf-b1/S1/V2-TA/Rqg31 to one grapevine, and tuf-b1/S1/V2-TA/Rqg50 to one periwinkle, indicating that D. europaea is an intermediate vector in CaPsol epidemiological cycles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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12 pages, 1536 KiB  
Article
Contact Toxicity and Ovideterrent Activity of Three Essential Oil-Based Nano-Emulsions against the Olive Fruit Fly Bactrocera oleae
by Giulia Giunti, Francesca Laudani, Emilio Lo Presti, Monica Bacchi, Vincenzo Palmeri and Orlando Campolo
Horticulturae 2022, 8(3), 240; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8030240 - 10 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3005
Abstract
The control strategies for the olive crop key pest, Bactrocera oleae, involve synthetic chemical insecticides and few eco-sustainable alternatives, such as ovideterrents and lures. In the last few decades, the interest concerning the formulation of botanical based biopesticides increased, but little research [...] Read more.
The control strategies for the olive crop key pest, Bactrocera oleae, involve synthetic chemical insecticides and few eco-sustainable alternatives, such as ovideterrents and lures. In the last few decades, the interest concerning the formulation of botanical based biopesticides increased, but little research investigated the suitability of these approaches for B. oleae control. This research aimed to investigate the residual contact toxicity and the oviposition deterrence of three essential oil (EO)-based nano-emulsions (Pimpinella anisum, Foeniculum vulgare, Mentha × piperita) against B. oleae adult flies. All the nano-emulsions possessed optimal physical characteristics, with droplets dimensions ranging from 115 to 152 nm and low PDI values (<0.2), even after 1 year of storage. Although no notable residual contact toxicity was noted, all the tested formulations reduced the number of oviposition puncture in no-choice tests (percent repellence: mint < fennel < anise). In choice trials, olives treated with fennel and anise EO-formulations at the highest concentration (7.5%, 75 g of EO/L) were less attractive respect to control fruits and a significant reduction of olive punctures was recorded. Nano-biopesticides are promising eco-friendly tools to integrate B. oleae pest management programs and to reduce the use of harmful conventional active ingredients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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13 pages, 890 KiB  
Article
Sea Buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides and Fruit Flies Rhagoletis batava: Search for Volatile Semiochemicals Involved in Pest Attraction
by Laima Blažytė-Čereškienė, Vincas Būda, Violeta Apšegaitė, Sandra Radžiutė, Jurga Būdienė, Dominykas Aleknavičius and Raimondas Mozūraitis
Horticulturae 2022, 8(2), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8020179 - 21 Feb 2022
Viewed by 1996
Abstract
Rhagoletis batava (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the most important pest of Hippophae rhamnoides fruits. For detection and monitoring of R. batava, traps supplied with nonspecific attractants are used. Thus, new, more specific attractants for environment-friendly pest control are needed. Such attractants could be [...] Read more.
Rhagoletis batava (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the most important pest of Hippophae rhamnoides fruits. For detection and monitoring of R. batava, traps supplied with nonspecific attractants are used. Thus, new, more specific attractants for environment-friendly pest control are needed. Such attractants could be fruit-related semiochemicals that are involved in the host location by flies. Behavioural Y-olfactometer tests revealed that R. batava males were attracted to ripe fruit odour, while females preferred unripe and semi-ripe fruits. Thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed substantial quantitative and qualitative changes in volatiles between unripe and ripe fruits. In the unripe fruit emission, 41 volatile compounds were isolated, whereas 64 compounds were sampled from the ripe fruits. The total amount of volatiles increased five times during the fruit ripening. Gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection (GC-EAD) and GC-MS analyses of the fruit headspace volatiles revealed at least 26 compounds in unripe and 27 compounds in ripe fruits eliciting antennal responses of R. batava for both sexes. The fruits of these two ripening stages differed qualitatively in the single EAD-active compound only, i.e., 3-methylbutyl 2-methylpropionate. Esters were the most abundant volatiles, composing 84% and 93% of EAD-active compounds in the emissions of unripe and ripe fruits, respectively. Based on the persistent EAG responses, 17 compounds were selected as the most promising candidates for kairomone attractants of the sea buckthorn pest R. batava. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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11 pages, 3494 KiB  
Article
Development of an Optical System Based on Spectral Imaging Used for a Slug Control Robot
by Christian Höing, Sharvari Raut, Abozar Nasirahmadi, Barbara Sturm and Oliver Hensel
Horticulturae 2022, 8(1), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010077 - 14 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2265
Abstract
The state-of-the-art technique to control slug pests in agriculture is the spreading of slug pellets. This method has some downsides, because slug pellets also harm beneficials and often fail because their efficiency depends on the prevailing weather conditions. This study is part of [...] Read more.
The state-of-the-art technique to control slug pests in agriculture is the spreading of slug pellets. This method has some downsides, because slug pellets also harm beneficials and often fail because their efficiency depends on the prevailing weather conditions. This study is part of a research project which is developing a pest control robot to monitor the field, detect slugs, and eliminate them. Robots represent a promising alternative to slug pellets. They work independent of weather conditions and can distinguish between pests and beneficials. As a prerequisite, a robot must be able to reliably identify slugs irrespective of the characteristics of the surrounding conditions. In this context, the utilization of computer vision and image analysis methods are challenging, because slugs look very similar to the soil, particularly in color images. Therefore, the goal of this study was to develop an optical filter-based system that distinguishes between slugs and soil. In this context, the spectral characteristics of both slugs and soil in the visible and visible near-infrared (VNIR) wavebands were measured. Conspicuous maxima followed by conspicuous local minima were found for the reflection spectra of slugs in the near infrared range from 850 nm to 990 nm]. Thus, this enabled differentiation between slugs and soils; soils showed a monotonic increase in the intensity of the relative reflection for this wavelength. The extrema determined in the reflection spectra of slugs were used to develop and set up a slug detector device consisting of a monochromatic camera, a filter changer and two narrow bandpass filters with nominal wavelengths of 925 nm and 975 nm. The developed optical system takes two photographs of the target area at night. By subtracting the pixel values of the images, the slugs are highlighted, and the soil is removed in the image due to the properties of the reflection spectra of soils and slugs. In the resulting image, the pixels of slugs were, on average, 12.4 times brighter than pixels of soil. This enabled the detection of slugs by a threshold method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Pest Management in Horticultural Production)
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