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Horticulturae
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New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of...
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New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of Grapes

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Viticulture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 7380

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qian Zha

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
Interests: grape; stress; cultivation; fruit quality; maturation
Dr. Meiling Tang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Grape, Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai 264000, China
Interests: cultivation techniques; grape germplasm; fruit quality; stress

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Grapes were one of the earliest domesticated plants and are among the most widely distributed commercially important fruit trees cultivated worldwide. Grapes are not only consumed as fresh fruit but are also industrially processed to produce commodities such as wine, dried fruit, and juice. Grape is characterized by a wealth of germplasm resources, which manifest in significant differences in fruit quality (berry weight; anthocyanin, sugar, and acid content; maturation; aroma; and seedless fruit), resistance mechanisms (to both biotic and abiotic stresses), and storage properties. Consequently, analyzing the genetic characteristics of different resources and optimizing cultivation and storage methods can contribute to providing a more solid theoretical basis for high-quality grape production.

We cordially invite researchers to contribute original research articles and reviews for this Special Issue and to share your achievements in the genetic regulation and quality improvement of grapes, with a particular focus on the following aspects: (i) studying the fruit quality and genetic characteristics of different grape germplasm resources; (ii) functional verification of the key genes and transcription factors associated with grape fruit quality; (iii) research on the impact of stress on grape fruit quality and stress mitigation measures; (v) research on the effects of hormones and cultivation technology on grape fruit quality; and (vi) research on the storage and preservation of table grapes.

Dr. Qian Zha
Dr. Meiling Tang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • grape germplasm
  • stress
  • cultivation
  • multiomics
  • storage, fruit quality

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3532 KiB  
Article
Integrative Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals the Regulatory Network Governing Aroma Formation in Grape
by Liping Huang, Yue Zhu, Min Wang, Zhili Xun, Xiaohe Ma and Qifeng Zhao
Horticulturae 2024, 10(11), 1159; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10111159 - 31 Oct 2024
Viewed by 692
Abstract
The aroma metabolites in grape berries have received attention in recent years, but a global analysis of gene-regulated metabolites is still lacking. In this study, three grape cultivars, “Kyoho”, “Adenauer Rose”, and “Mei Xiangbao”, were used to determine the differential accumulation of metabolites [...] Read more.
The aroma metabolites in grape berries have received attention in recent years, but a global analysis of gene-regulated metabolites is still lacking. In this study, three grape cultivars, “Kyoho”, “Adenauer Rose”, and “Mei Xiangbao”, were used to determine the differential accumulation of metabolites and identify candidate genes related to grape berry aroma. A total of 27,228 genes were detected from the transcriptome, and 128 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified. Terpenoids and ester were the major substances in these three cultivars. KEGG enrichment showed that 12, 8, and 5 compounds were significantly enriched during the maturation process of these three grape cultivars, with most being terpenoids. A combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis found that the associated genes and metabolites were enriched in the following pathways: “Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism”, “Cysteine and methionine metabolism”, “Tyrosine metabolism”, “Phenylalanine metabolism”, and “Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis”. Seven structural genes (VvOMR1, VvGLYK, VvLPD2, VvAK2, VvSHM7, VvASP3, and VvASP1) and four transcription factors (VvERF053, VvERF4, VvMYB46, and VvMYB340) related to grape berry aroma accumulation were discovered. Our findings provide new insights into grape aroma formation and regulatory mechanism research, and the results will be beneficial for grape aroma breeding in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of Grapes)
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13 pages, 2899 KiB  
Article
Negative Regulatory Role of Non-Coding RNA Vvi-miR3633a in Grapevine Leaves and Callus under Heat Stress
by Lipeng Zhang, Yuanxu Teng, Junpeng Li, Yue Song, Dongying Fan, Lujia Wang, Zhen Zhang, Yuanyuan Xu, Shiren Song, Juan He, Yi Ren, Huaifeng Liu and Chao Ma
Horticulturae 2024, 10(9), 983; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10090983 - 17 Sep 2024
Viewed by 704
Abstract
The grapevine, a globally significant fruit and an essential fruit tree species in China, is vulnerable to the adverse effects of high temperatures. Understanding the roles of microRNA and transcription factors in plant development and stress resistance is crucial for mitigating the impact [...] Read more.
The grapevine, a globally significant fruit and an essential fruit tree species in China, is vulnerable to the adverse effects of high temperatures. Understanding the roles of microRNA and transcription factors in plant development and stress resistance is crucial for mitigating the impact of high temperature on grape growth and yield. This study investigates the response of miRNA to high-temperature stress in grape leaves. The expression level of Vvi-miR3633a was found to be inhibited under heat treatment in both Thompson seedless and Shen yue varieties, while its potential target genes (Vv-Atg36 and Vv-GA3ox2) were induced. Through transgenic overexpression experiments, it was demonstrated that Vvi-miR3633a plays a role in thermal response by affecting the expression of target genes. Furthermore, under heat stress conditions, overexpression of Vvi-miR3633a in grape callus decreased heat resistance compared to the control group (CK). The study also revealed that the target genes of Vvi-miR3633a regulate the expression of oxidase synthesis genes VvSOD and VvCAT, leading to reduced oxidase synthesis which may compromise the oxidation system. Additionally, the expression level of heat shock proteins in the transgenic lines was changed compared to the control (CK). Overall, this research provides valuable insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in different crossing/breeding programs to produce heat-resistant grape varieties. Such varieties can be appropriate to propagate in warm climate areas with high temperature conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of Grapes)
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18 pages, 3540 KiB  
Article
Distribution of Plasmopara viticola Causing Downy Mildew in Russian Far East Grapevines
by Nikolay N. Nityagovsky, Alexey A. Ananev, Andrey R. Suprun, Zlata V. Ogneva, Alina A. Dneprovskaya, Alexey P. Tyunin, Alexandra S. Dubrovina, Konstantin V. Kiselev, Nina M. Sanina and Olga A. Aleynova
Horticulturae 2024, 10(4), 326; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040326 - 27 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1513
Abstract
Downy mildew is a severe disease that leads to significant losses in grape yields worldwide. It is caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola. The study of the distribution of this agent and the search for endophytic organisms that inhibit the growth of P. [...] Read more.
Downy mildew is a severe disease that leads to significant losses in grape yields worldwide. It is caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola. The study of the distribution of this agent and the search for endophytic organisms that inhibit the growth of P. viticola are essential objectives to facilitate the transition to sustainable and high-yield agriculture, while respecting the environment. In this study, high-throughput sequencing of the ITS (ITS1f/ITS2 region) and 16S (V4 region) amplicons was employed to analyze 80 samples of leaves and stems from different grapevine species and cultivars grown in the Russian Far East (Vitis amurensis Rupr., Vitis coignetiae Pulliat, and several grapevine cultivars). The analysis revealed the presence of P. viticola in 53.75% of the grape samples. The pathogen P. viticola was not detected in V. amurensis samples collected near Vladivostok and Russky Island. Among the P. viticola-affected samples, only two (out of the eighty analyzed grape samples) from the Makarevich vineyard in Primorsky Krai exhibited disease symptoms, while the majority appeared visually healthy. We also found six distinct P. viticola ASVs in our metagenomic data. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we hypothesize that the P. viticola population in the Russian Far East may have originated from the invasive P. viticola clade aestivalis, which has spread around the world from North America. To identify putative microbial antagonists of P. viticola, a differential analysis of high-throughput sequencing data was conducted using the DESeq2 method to compare healthy and P. viticola-affected samples. The in silico analysis revealed an increased representation of certain taxa in healthy samples compared to P. viticola-affected ones: fungi—Kabatina sp., Aureobasidium sp., and Vishniacozyma sp.; bacteria—Hymenobacter spp., Sphingomonas spp., Massilia spp., Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum spp., and Chryseobacterium spp. This in-silico-obtained information on the potential microbial antagonists of P. viticola serves as a theoretical basis for the development of biocontrol agents for grapevine downy mildew. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of Grapes)
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14 pages, 6105 KiB  
Article
Effects of Different Biostimulants on Growth and Development of Grapevine Seedlings under High-Temperature Stress
by Jiuyun Wu, Haixia Zhong, Yaning Ma, Shijian Bai, Vivek Yadav, Chuan Zhang, Fuchun Zhang, Wei Shi, Riziwangguli Abudureheman and Xiping Wang
Horticulturae 2024, 10(3), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10030269 - 11 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1727
Abstract
High temperatures significantly affect the growth and development of grapevines, cause irreversible damage to plants, and severely impact grape production and quality. Biostimulants can promote the growth of plants and enhance their resistance to adverse stress. However, the effects of biostimulants on grapevines [...] Read more.
High temperatures significantly affect the growth and development of grapevines, cause irreversible damage to plants, and severely impact grape production and quality. Biostimulants can promote the growth of plants and enhance their resistance to adverse stress. However, the effects of biostimulants on grapevines under high temperatures have not been studied in detail. To analyze the effects of various biostimulants on the growth and development of grape seedlings under high temperatures, we measured chlorophyll fluorescence parameters with observed seedling phenotypes under high temperatures in open field conditions in Turpan. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the effects of different biostimulants on the growth, development, and photosynthesis of grapevine seedlings. Our study aimed to provide scientific evidence to improve cultivation methods for grapevines under high-temperature stress. The results revealed that biostimulants have a positive effect on promoting the growth of grapevine seedlings under high-temperature stress conditions. They also positively affect the accumulation of chlorophyll components in grapevine leaves, inhibiting chlorophyll degradation and maintaining photosynthesis. However, the effects of different biostimulants were inconsistent. A comprehensive analysis revealed the following effectiveness order: T2 > T1 > T3 > Control. These findings suggest that T2 is the most effective in alleviating high-temperature stress and promoting grapevine growth. We recommend the use of T2 to improve the cultivation of grapevine seedlings during high-temperature periods. This has implications for grape production in hot and arid climatic areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of Grapes)
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Review

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25 pages, 2229 KiB  
Review
CRISPR/Cas in Grapevine Genome Editing: The Best Is Yet to Come
by Chong Ren, Mohamed Salaheldin Mokhtar Mohamed, Nuremanguli Aini, Yangfu Kuang and Zhenchang Liang
Horticulturae 2024, 10(9), 965; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10090965 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1911
Abstract
The advent of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as a revolutionary innovation in genome editing has greatly promoted targeted modification and trait improvement in most plant species. For grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), a perennial woody plant species, CRISPR/Cas genome [...] Read more.
The advent of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins as a revolutionary innovation in genome editing has greatly promoted targeted modification and trait improvement in most plant species. For grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), a perennial woody plant species, CRISPR/Cas genome editing is an extremely promising technique for genetic improvement in a short period. Advances in grapevine genome editing have been achieved by using CRISPR technology in recent years, which promises to accelerate trait improvement in grapevine. In this review, we describe the development and advances in CRISPR/Cas9 and its orthologs and variants. We summarize the applications of genome editing in grapevine and discuss the challenges facing grapevine genome editing as well as the possible strategies that could be used to improve genome editing in grapevine. In addition, we outline future perspectives for grapevine genome editing in a model system, precise genome editing, accelerated trait improvement, and transgene-free genome editing. We believe that CRISPR/Cas will play a more important role in grapevine genome editing, and an exciting and bright future is expected in this economically significant species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Genetic Regulation and Quality Improvement of Grapes)
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