Psychological Perspectives on Driving Behavior in Aging: Implications for Assessment Tools and Training Methods

A special issue of Geriatrics (ISSN 2308-3417).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2024) | Viewed by 4233

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: aging; spatial cognition; spatial memory; topographical disorientation; driving behavior; driver distraction; obsessive compulsive disorder; quantitative methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: aging; dementia; spatial cognition; spatial memory; topographical disorientation; mild cognitive impairment; driving behavior; driver distraction; quantitative methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: aging; dementia; cognition; spatial cognition; spatial memory; topographical disorientation; mild cognitive impairment; driving behavior; awareness; quantitative methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We have reached the conclusion of the first third of the United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021–2030). This initiative strives for transformations across various sectors, aiming to synchronize the agenda for Healthy Aging with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). It is well known that older adults represent a growing age cohort behind the wheel, prompting authorities and governments to consider this phenomenon for implementing risk prevention measures (i.e., to reach safety) and promoting mobility (i.e., active aging). While it is essential to promote active aging, ensuring safety and accident prevention remains paramount. Traffic psychology plays a crucial role in understanding the intricate relationship between mobility and safety in aging, enabling the development of research and interventions to address the challenges presented by the increasing aging population. In this context, there is an increasing need in several fields of traffic psychology (i.e., fitness-to-drive assessment, risk exposure assessment, susceptibility to distracted driving, assistance to driving cessation, interactions with in-vehicle devices, familiarity with the driving environment, etc.) to highlight the role of both theoretical perspectives and practical applications with an age-friendly perspective.

This Special Issue is dedicated to both theoretical and empirical contributions that explore in-depth the relationship between psychological aspects of aging and driving. Scientific papers should encompass both applied and fundamental research on driving behavior, traffic crashes/injury prevention, fitness-to-drive, distracted driving, sleepiness, and fatigue behind the wheel, regarding any of the topics related to older drivers. In the present Special Issue, the submission of both original research articles and reviews is welcome.

Research areas may include (but are not restricted to) the following:

  • Older drivers’ driving behavior;
  • Distracted driving and distraction mitigation in older drivers;
  • Driving cessation;
  • Older drivers’ fitness-to-drive assessment;
  • Medication side-effects for older adults’ driving performance;
  • Personality and other dispositional factors (e.g., attitudes) affecting driving performance in older drivers;
  • Neuropsychological markers of unfitness-to-drive

Dr. Luigi Tinella
Dr. Alessandro Oronzo Caffò
Prof. Dr. Andrea Bosco
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geriatrics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • older drivers
  • risk awareness
  • distracted driving
  • familiarity with the driving environment
  • fitness-to-drive in aging
  • active aging

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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13 pages, 667 KiB  
Article
On the Road Safety: Gender Differences in Risk-Taking Driving Behaviors Among Seniors Aged 65 and Older
by Pierluigi Cordellieri, Laura Piccardi, Marco Giancola, Anna Maria Giannini and Raffaella Nori
Geriatrics 2024, 9(5), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9050136 - 21 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1759
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Life expectancies have increased in most countries, leading to a higher accident rate among older drivers than their younger counterparts. While numerous studies have analyzed the decline in cognitive abilities and physical limitations as contributing factors, there are other considerations. For [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Life expectancies have increased in most countries, leading to a higher accident rate among older drivers than their younger counterparts. While numerous studies have analyzed the decline in cognitive abilities and physical limitations as contributing factors, there are other considerations. For instance, younger male drivers tend to take more risks than younger female drivers. However, there is a lack of research and evidence regarding the role of gender in risk-taking among individuals over 65. Given this gap, our current study aims to investigate the relationship between gender and risk propensity in this particular age group. The primary goal was to determine if driving experience affects the gender gap in risk attitude; Methods: We studied risk behavior in both car drivers and pedestrians. Our sample included 200 individuals (101 women), all over 65, with the same weekly driving times. After a brief demographic and anamnestic interview, they completed the Driver Road Risk Perception Scale (DRPS) and the Pedestrian Behavior Appropriateness Perception Scale (PBAS) questionnaires. They also provided information about traffic violations and road crashes; Results: Our research revealed that older male drivers continue to tend to risky behavior, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve risk awareness, especially among older men; Conclusions: Our findings suggest that road safety messages should specifically target male drivers as they are less likely to view responsible driving actions, such as observing speed limits, as desirable. Full article
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20 pages, 57108 KiB  
Article
Pilot Study on Gaze Characteristics of Older Drivers While Watching Driving Movies
by Kaori Kawabata, Yuya Nakajima, Kazuki Fujita, Mamiko Sato, Koji Hayashi and Yasutaka Kobayashi
Geriatrics 2024, 9(5), 132; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9050132 - 10 Oct 2024
Viewed by 873
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to clarify the gazing characteristics of older drivers while driving cars using a gaze analysis device. Methods: The participants included 16 older and 12 middle-aged drivers who drove cars daily. After conducting cognitive and attentional function tests, eye [...] Read more.
Objective: This study aims to clarify the gazing characteristics of older drivers while driving cars using a gaze analysis device. Methods: The participants included 16 older and 12 middle-aged drivers who drove cars daily. After conducting cognitive and attentional function tests, eye gaze while watching driving videos was measured using an eye tracker. Ten driving videos were prepared. In addition, a total of 34 hazard areas were analyzed. Results: The results of the gaze measurement parameters were statistically compared between the two groups. In the older group, the gaze analysis results indicated that while viewing driving videos, the search for areas close to the car was expanded. In addition, in several hazard areas, we observed a decrease in the number of drivers gazing at the driver, shortened total gazing time, delay in the timing of gazing, and decrease in the number of visits. Conclusions: Older drivers’ eye movement is increased; however, it is characterized by gazing at unimportant areas, indicating an inefficient scanning pattern. Although these results do not indicate an obvious decline in driving ability among older drivers, the decline in hazard perception may become apparent in some situations. The data contain underpowered results and require revalidation in larger studies. Full article
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14 pages, 591 KiB  
Systematic Review
Understanding Elderly Drivers’ Perception of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: A Systematic Review of Perceived Risks, Trust, Ease of Use, and Usefulness
by Federica Biassoni and Martina Gnerre
Geriatrics 2024, 9(6), 144; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9060144 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 855
Abstract
Background: Elderly drivers often face safety challenges due to age-related declines in cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) offer a potential solution by enhancing safety and mobility. Objectives and method: This systematic review investigates the factors influencing the perception [...] Read more.
Background: Elderly drivers often face safety challenges due to age-related declines in cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) offer a potential solution by enhancing safety and mobility. Objectives and method: This systematic review investigates the factors influencing the perception and usage of ADAS among elderly drivers, focusing on perceived safety, usefulness, trust, and ease of use. Results: Older adults show a preference for Level 1 ADAS, which they perceive as safer. Although they acknowledge the usefulness of ADAS in supporting their autonomy, skepticism remains regarding higher-level systems, primarily due to concerns about reliability and invasiveness. Trust and ease of use are essential factors influencing their acceptance. The review identifies common themes and barriers to the adoption of these technologies and emphasizes the need for senior-friendly interfaces and targeted training. The findings indicate that addressing these issues can significantly improve the safety and mobility of elderly drivers. The successful adoption of ADAS among older adults depends on balancing safety, control, and ease of use, with gradual and supportive integration fostering greater acceptance and trust. Conclusions: This study outlines practical implications for stakeholders, emphasizing the need for user-friendly ADAS design, public awareness campaigns, government incentives, insurance discounts, and community training to enhance adoption among older drivers. Full article
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