Natural Bioactive Compounds and Gels

A special issue of Gels (ISSN 2310-2861). This special issue belongs to the section "Gel Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 December 2025 | Viewed by 6453

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Collage of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: polyphenols; antioxidant activity; anticancer activity; biological activity; microcapsules; functional foods; nutraceuticals

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Guest Editor
Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Collage of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: pro-health properties; functional foods; secondary metabolites; chromatographic techniques; polyphenols; antioxidant activity

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Guest Editor
Department Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology, College of Natural Science, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4 St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: carbohydrates; starch; hydrocolloids; gels; rheological properies; thixotropy
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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural bioactive compounds, including primarily phenolic compounds, phytosterols, carotenoids, curcuminoids, etc., are currently at the center of various fields of research due to their broad health-promoting properties (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties). These properties make them valuable candidates for the discovery and development of new nutraceuticals and functional foods. For these reasons, scientists have intensified their research into possible carrier matrices of bioactive compounds for food enrichment, which can improve the shelf life of products, reduce synthetic additives, and strengthen their biological health-promoting effects. One type of matrix comprises gels, i.e., three-dimensional, semi-solid systems consisting of polymer matrices. The physicochemical properties of gels, such as their physical strength and viscosity, can be modified to meet specific application requirements in various fields, including the development of edible active coatings, hydrogels, and micro- and nanocapsules. Therefore, gels have broad and promising prospects for food applications and are expected to provide a new, effective, and solid basis for the development of new foods with the potential to prevent and treat chronic diseases.

The main theme of this Special Issue of Gels is, therefore, the collection of original review and research articles that address issues related to plant bioactive substances and their sources and advanced research on their application to gel matrices available in the form of edible active coatings, hydrogels, and micro- and nanocapsules. Manuscripts on the following topics are especially welcome in this Special Issue: (i) extraction, isolation, characterization, identification, and quantification of bioactive compounds; (ii) processing/preparation of the gel matrix enriched in bioactive compounds; (iii) bioactivity and bioavailability of bioactive compounds from the gel matrix; and (iv) mechanisms of action and interactions between the gel structure and the functionality of bioactive compounds.

Dr. Natalia Żurek
Dr. Agata Pawłowska
Dr. Greta Adamczyk
Dr. Ireneusz Kapusta
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Gels is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • polyphenols
  • bioactive compounds
  • HPLC
  • biological activity
  • gelling agents
  • food fortification
  • functional additives
  • bioavailability
  • active coatings
  • micro- and nanocapsules
  • carbohydrates
  • hydrocolloids
  • rheology
  • thixotropy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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31 pages, 12584 KiB  
Article
Potential of Encapsulated Bovine Colostrum in Powder-Based Formulations for Facial Clay, Peel-Off Gel, and Sleeping Gel Masks
by Pornpansa Chuesomboon, Thomas Rades and Wantida Chaiyana
Gels 2025, 11(2), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11020111 - 4 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1461
Abstract
Bovine colostrum is a bioactive compound with potential in cosmetic applications but has a limited shelf life. This study aimed to develop an effective encapsulation system for bovine colostrum using the complex coacervation method and incorporate it into powder formulations for facial masks. [...] Read more.
Bovine colostrum is a bioactive compound with potential in cosmetic applications but has a limited shelf life. This study aimed to develop an effective encapsulation system for bovine colostrum using the complex coacervation method and incorporate it into powder formulations for facial masks. The research explored various gelatin-to-gum Arabic ratios to optimize the physical and chemical stability, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity of the encapsulated bovine colostrum (EBC). The EBC was further incorporated into powder formulations for clay masks, peel-off gel masks, and sleeping gel masks. The optimal gelatin-to-gum Arabic ratio was found to be 2:1, yielding the highest entrapment efficiency (66.6 ± 3.3% w/w) and loading capacity (67.6 ± 3.4% w/w) of bovine colostrum. For clay masks, the most effective powder blend incorporating EBC enhanced the moisture content, water solubility, and hygroscopicity, without affecting the drying time (9.7 ± 0.6 min). Additionally, peel-off gel masks incorporating EBC significantly reduced water activity and improved moisture content and hygroscopicity, while the drying time decreased from 44.3 ± 0.6 to 25.0 ± 1.7 min. For sleeping gel masks, the formulation with EBC increased water activity, while other parameters remained stable. In conclusion, the EBC with enhanced stability was effectively integrated into various powders for facial mask formulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Bioactive Compounds and Gels)
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12 pages, 1837 KiB  
Article
Modifying the Resistant Starch Content and the Retrogradation Characteristics of Potato Starch Through High-Dose Gamma Irradiation
by Zhangchi Peng, Xuwei Wang, Zhijie Liu, Liang Zhang, Linrun Cheng, Jiahao Nia, Youming Zuo, Xiaoli Shu and Dianxing Wu
Gels 2024, 10(12), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10120763 - 24 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1100
Abstract
Potato starch is widely utilized in the food industry. Gamma irradiation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for starch modification. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of comprehensive and consistent knowledge regarding the physicochemical characteristics of high-dose gamma-irradiated potato starch, retrogradation properties in [...] Read more.
Potato starch is widely utilized in the food industry. Gamma irradiation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for starch modification. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of comprehensive and consistent knowledge regarding the physicochemical characteristics of high-dose gamma-irradiated potato starch, retrogradation properties in particular. In this study, potato starch was exposed to gamma rays at doses of 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kGy. Various physicochemical properties, including retrogradation characteristics, were investigated. Generally, the apparent amylose content (AAC), water absorption, gel viscosity, gel hardness, and gumminess decreased as the doses of gamma irradiation increased. Conversely, the resistant starch (RS), amylose content evaluated by the concanavalin A precipitation method, water solubility, and enthalpy of gelatinization were increased. Additionally, swelling power, crystalline structure, and amylopectin branch chain length distribution either remained stable or exhibited only minor changes. Notably, the degree of retrogradation of potato starches on day 7 was positively correlated with the doses of gamma irradiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Bioactive Compounds and Gels)
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Review

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25 pages, 1564 KiB  
Review
Advancing Gel Systems with Natural Extracts: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Applications, and Sustainable Innovations
by Arthitaya Kawee-ai
Gels 2025, 11(2), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11020125 - 8 Feb 2025
Viewed by 981
Abstract
The integration of natural extracts into gel systems has emerged as a transformative approach to enhance functional properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and therapeutic effects. This review underscores the remarkable potential of natural extract-enriched gels, which effectively combine sustainability with improved functionality. These bioactive [...] Read more.
The integration of natural extracts into gel systems has emerged as a transformative approach to enhance functional properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and therapeutic effects. This review underscores the remarkable potential of natural extract-enriched gels, which effectively combine sustainability with improved functionality. These bioactive compounds, sourced from plants and animals, encompass polyphenols, flavonoids, essential oils, chitosan, proteins, and polysaccharides. They provide an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic additives and find applications across various sectors, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food packaging. Despite their promise, challenges remain, such as the variability in natural extract composition, the stability of bioactive compounds, and scalability for industrial use. To address these issues, innovative strategies like nanoencapsulation, responsive hydrogels, and AI-driven optimization have demonstrated significant progress. Additionally, emerging technologies, such as 3D printing and adherence to circular economy principles, further enhance the versatility, efficiency, and sustainability of these systems. By integrating these advanced tools and methodologies, gel systems enriched with natural extracts are well-positioned to meet contemporary consumer and industrial demands for multifunctional and eco-friendly products. These innovations not only improve performance but also align with global sustainability goals, setting the stage for widespread adoption and continued development in various fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Bioactive Compounds and Gels)
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28 pages, 2055 KiB  
Review
Cordyceps militaris-Derived Bioactive Gels: Therapeutic and Anti-Aging Applications in Dermatology
by Trung Quang Nguyen, Thinh Van Pham, Yusuf Andriana and Minh Ngoc Truong
Gels 2025, 11(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11010033 - 3 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2511
Abstract
Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom widely utilized in traditional East Asian medicine, recognized for its diverse therapeutic properties. This review explores the potential of C. militaris-derived bioactive gels for applications in dermatology and skincare, with a particular focus on their therapeutic [...] Read more.
Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom widely utilized in traditional East Asian medicine, recognized for its diverse therapeutic properties. This review explores the potential of C. militaris-derived bioactive gels for applications in dermatology and skincare, with a particular focus on their therapeutic and anti-aging benefits. In response to the rising incidence of skin cancers and the growing demand for natural bioactive ingredients, C. militaris has emerged as a valuable source of functional compounds, including cordycepin, polysaccharides, and adenosine. These compounds exhibit multiple bioactivities, including apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and anti-inflammatory effects, which have been shown to be particularly effective against melanoma and other skin cancers. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of C. militaris enhance skin resilience by scavenging reactive oxygen species, reducing oxidative stress, and promoting collagen synthesis, thereby addressing skin health and anti-aging requirements. The potential for incorporating C. militaris compounds into gel-based formulations for skincare is also examined, either as standalone bioactives or in combination with synergistic ingredients. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of clinical trials and standardization to establish the safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of such applications. By providing a safer alternative to synthetic agents, C. militaris-derived bioactive gels represent a promising advancement in dermatology and skincare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Bioactive Compounds and Gels)
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