Exploring the Nutritional and Functional Properties of Plant Food-Derived Bioactive Components

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2025 | Viewed by 2247

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Guest Editor
School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
Interests: natural products; antioxidation; functional food; human health
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant food-derived bioactive components are a class of substances widely found in plant foods, including alkaloids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, nysin, sterols, and volatile oils. Their high safety, availability, and potential health benefits (including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities) have attracted the interest of scientists involved in multidisciplinary research over the past few decades. Therefore, the potential functional properties of plant food-derived bioactive components represent a promising area of knowledge. In addition, it is vital that we explore new plant food source compounds and further elucidate their structural/functional relationships and the interaction between their composition and nutritional function.

Based on the information presented above, we invite authors to submit review articles, comments, opinions, and original research articles on the preparation, structural characterization, and in vitro or in vivo evidence of the nutritional and sensory properties of plant food-derived bioactive components. We also welcome works analyzing the mechanisms of action of plant food-derived bioactive components based on big data, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics models, which may enhance our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for their health benefits within the realm of food science.

Prof. Dr. Kefeng Zhai
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • immunomodulatory activity
  • anti-diabetic activity
  • lipid-lowering activity
  • anti-tumor activity
  • antioxidant activity
  • anti-inflammatory activity
  • antibacterial activity
  • alkaloids
  • flavonoids
  • nysin
  • sterols
  • volatile oils

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 4034 KiB  
Article
Immunomodulation of Glycyrrhiza Polysaccharides In Vivo Based on Microbiome and Metabolomics Approaches
by Yixuan Wu, Jie Sun, Wenjie Xie, Simin Xue, Xinli Li, Jianming Guo, Jinjun Shan, Guoping Peng and Yunfeng Zheng
Foods 2025, 14(5), 874; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14050874 - 4 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1114
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is a medicinal herb that can be added to food to provide therapeutic effects and reduce the burden of medications. Herein, the immunomodulatory effects of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides (GPs) were verified and illustrated by intervening immunocompromised rats treated with different doses [...] Read more.
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is a medicinal herb that can be added to food to provide therapeutic effects and reduce the burden of medications. Herein, the immunomodulatory effects of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides (GPs) were verified and illustrated by intervening immunocompromised rats treated with different doses of GPs, which were reflected for adjusting the composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota and altering the metabolic profile. The immunomodulatory effects of GPs were exerted by regulating the intestinal microenvironment. In particular, GPs could promote the growth of probiotic bacteria Allobaculum, norank__o_Clostridia_UCG-014, Dubosiella, and g__norank_o___RF39 and curb the growth of harmful bacteria Enterococcus. The results showed that GPs had a prebiotic effect, which contributed to improving the intestinal environment and maintaining intestinal health. In addition, the content of beneficial differential metabolites was up-regulated, especially short-chain fatty acids, with alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism being the most enriched pathways. These metabolic pathways imply the metabolic process of GPs, and the metabolic pathways and differential effector metabolites of it are focused. Overall, the purpose of this article lies in providing support for the application of GPs for regulating immune function. Full article
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21 pages, 5084 KiB  
Article
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen Flavonoid Ameliorates Hypothalamic Metabolism and Modulates Gut Microbiota in Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice
by Yan Yan, Ni Zhao, Jiaying Liu, Shengmei Zhang, Yinjie Zhang, Xuemei Qin, Kefeng Zhai and Chenhui Du
Foods 2025, 14(5), 828; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14050828 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 896
Abstract
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS), a homology of medicine and a type of seed, has been widely used to improve sleep quality. The present study aimed to assess the effects of ZSS flavonoid (ZSSF) extracted and isolated from ZSS on gut microbiota and hypothalamus [...] Read more.
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS), a homology of medicine and a type of seed, has been widely used to improve sleep quality. The present study aimed to assess the effects of ZSS flavonoid (ZSSF) extracted and isolated from ZSS on gut microbiota and hypothalamus metabolomic profiles in a chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced anxiety mouse model. ZSSF was prepared using microporous resin chromatography, and seven compounds were determined by UPLC-MS. ZSSF treatment dramatically reduced anxiety-like behaviors, exerted sedative–hypnotic effects, increased hippocampal 5-HT and 5-HTP, and enhanced intestinal barrier function through inhibiting colon ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin expression and reducing TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels. Compared with the CRS group, the diversity of gut microbiota in ZSSF-group mice was increased, with an increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Firmicutes, and it was accompanied by an increase in fecal SCFAs. Hypothalamus metabolomics and lipidomics were performed to achieve 25 differential metabolites and 44 lipids, respectively. Serum metabolomics showed a total of 13 metabolites associated with anxiety were remarkably regulated by ZSSF. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) showed that glycerophospholipids (GPs) as well as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and L-tryptophan in peripheral and central parts were significant metabolites, which contributed to the pharmacological action of ZSSF. The mRNA expression of TPH2 and DDC key enzymes associated with tryptophan metabolism were upregulated, and PLA2G12A, LACT, and PLA2G6 key enzymes associated with GP metabolism were downregulated in ZSSF compared with CRS. Briefly, ZSSF improved tryptophan and GP metabolism and regulated the gut microbiome. This study may lay a theoretical basis for potentially developing ZSSF as a natural functional food ingredient for the improvement of anxiety and sleep disorders. Full article
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