Numerical Modeling and Experimental Studies of Two-Phase Flows, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2025) | Viewed by 1595

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Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; numerical methods; numerical algorithms; numerical programming; fluid mechanics; multiphase flows, shock capturing; free surface flows; water entry/water exit; cavitation; bubble dynamics; cavitation erosion; heat and mass transfer; gas dynamics and industrial gas flows; supercavitation; high-speed subsonic-supersonic flows
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Guest Editor
Dr.-Ing., Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
Interests: multiphase flows; experimental fluid dynamics (EFD); numerical methods (CFD and FEM); bubble dynamics; cavitation bubble dynamics; cavitation; cavitation-erosion; cavitation-silt erosion; laser induced cavitation bubbles; hydrodynamics supercavitation; offshore wind turbines (floating and fixed); fluid-structure interaction; erosion resistant coatings; acoustics; cavitation based biomedical technology; quantitative analysis of flow; hydrodynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Two-phase flows (e.g., gas–gas, gas–liquid, liquid–liquid) are found in many natural phenomena, engineering, and industrial applications. The nonlinear motions of the interface between two phases (two fluids) and its deformations and breaks, phase change, heat transfer, turbulence, shockwaves, and violent interaction with devices/systems become very complicated, both in terms of developing experimental techniques for their measurement and for numerical modeling for the analysis of these two-phase flows. However, the significance of these topics has motivated the recent advances in thermodynamics, experimental measurements, and numerical modeling; these advances have demonstrated and provided a solid understanding of fundamental and physical insights into the two-phase flows in many fields of engineering and industry. These advances are in parallel with highly advanced technologies of high-speed cameras and lighting as well as high-speed computing sources, and therefore resolve the underlying physical processes satisfactorily and support the development of new technologies/treatment protocols.

This Special Issue aims to provide researchers and scientists with the opportunity to present and discuss their original works on new numerical modeling, simulations, and experimental representation of engineering and industrial systems or any other two-phase systems from microscale to larger-scale problems. Submissions of papers related to two-phase flows that not only address fundamental science but also engineering applications are highly encouraged.

Dr. Van-Tu Nguyen
Dr. Hemant J. Sagar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Methodologies:
    • Two-phase flow measurement; visualization techniques
    • Numerical modeling; simulation of two-phase flows
    • Modeling phase change/boiling
    • Treatments of interface discontinuity and shockwave
  • Basic research:
    • Bubble/droplet dynamics
    • Surface tension/Capillary effects
    • Natural and ventilated Cavitation/ Supercavitation
    • Sheet, cloud, and/or tip vortex cavitation
    • Boiling and condensation in benchmark problems
    • Free surface flows
    • Water entry and exit flows
    • Fluid-Structure-Interaction
    • Slamming and Sloshing
  • Advances in Applications:
    • The potential risks of failure of levees, dams, and reservoirs
    • Breaking waves; overtop- ping of coastal structures
    • Moving ships; interaction of extreme waves; and green water on decks
    • Spray cooling and two-phase heat transfer
    • Hydrodynamic cavitation and dynamic bubble processes
    • Enhancement of critical heat flux

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 987 KiB  
Article
Concentration Monitoring of Highly-Diluted Crude Oil-In-Water Emulsions by Ultrasonic Backscattering Sensors
by Carlos A. B. Reyna, Ediguer E. Franco, Santiago Laín, Timoteo F. de Oliveira, Marcos S. G. Tsuzuki and Flávio Buiochi
Fluids 2025, 10(5), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10050108 - 25 Apr 2025
Viewed by 147
Abstract
This work deals with the feasibility of ultrasonic monitoring of the crude oil content in highly diluted crude oil-in-water emulsions, common mixtures obtained in the coalescence process of the petroleum industry. The measurement principle is the determination of the time of flight using [...] Read more.
This work deals with the feasibility of ultrasonic monitoring of the crude oil content in highly diluted crude oil-in-water emulsions, common mixtures obtained in the coalescence process of the petroleum industry. The measurement principle is the determination of the time of flight using the reflected pulses from a set of scatterers located in the near field of commercial transducers of 5 and 10 MHz. Dispersers consist of two rows of metal wires tensioned in front of the transducer using a specially designed mechanical part. The resulting assembly is a probe that can be introduced into a tank or pipe to perform the measurement. Experiments with crude oil-in-water emulsions with concentrations from 10 to 2000 ppm (parts per million) at a temperature of 20 °C were carried out. The results show that the small changes in the propagation velocity resulting from changes in concentration and temperature can be detected by the developed ultrasonic sensor. This opens up the possibility of determining the oil content in the emulsion by means of a calibration approach. The main motivation is the development of techniques for real-time monitoring of crude oil content in the wastewater produced in the petroleum industry. Full article
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20 pages, 4126 KiB  
Article
Evolution of Wind-Generated Shallow-Water Waves in the Framework of a Modified Kadomtsev–Petviashvili Equation
by Montri Maleewong and Roger Grimshaw
Fluids 2025, 10(3), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10030061 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 281
Abstract
In a recent paper, denoted by MG24 in this text, we used a modified Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation to describe the evolution of wind-driven water wave packets in shallow water. The modifications were several forcing/friction terms describing wave growth due to critical-level instability [...] Read more.
In a recent paper, denoted by MG24 in this text, we used a modified Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation to describe the evolution of wind-driven water wave packets in shallow water. The modifications were several forcing/friction terms describing wave growth due to critical-level instability in the air, wave decay due to laminar friction in the water at the air–water interface, wave growth due to turbulent wave stress in the air near the interface, and wave decay due to a turbulent bottom boundary layer. The outcome was a KdV–Burgers type of equation that can be a stable or unstable model depending on the forcing/friction parameters. In most cases that we examined, many solitary waves are generated, suggesting the formation of a soliton gas. In this paper, we extend that model in the horizontal direction transverse to the wind forcing to produce a similarly modified Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation (KPII for water waves in the absence of surface tension). A modulation theory is described for the cnoidal and solitary wave solutions of the unforced KP equation, focusing on the forcing/friction terms and the transverse dependence. Then, using similar initial conditions to those used in MG24, that is a sinusoidal wave with a slowly varying envelope, but supplemented here with a transverse sinusoidal term, we find through numerical simulations that the radiation field upstream is enhanced, but that a soliton gas still emerges downstream as in MG24. Full article
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19 pages, 5644 KiB  
Article
Simulation of Transpiration Cooling with Phase Change Process in Porous Media
by Aroua Ghedira, Zied Lataoui, Adel M. Benselama, Yves Bertin and Abdelmajid Jemni
Fluids 2025, 10(2), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10020052 - 19 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 607
Abstract
Phase change modeling in porous media is among the important challenges in many essential engineering problems, including thermal management, energy conservation or recovery, and heat transfer. One particularly efficient method of dissipating heat in a porous material is transpiration cooling with phase change. [...] Read more.
Phase change modeling in porous media is among the important challenges in many essential engineering problems, including thermal management, energy conservation or recovery, and heat transfer. One particularly efficient method of dissipating heat in a porous material is transpiration cooling with phase change. It is one of the most innovative cooling methods available for removing excessive heat flux from engine components such as combustors or gas turbine blades. There is, however, a lack of in-depth understanding of the interconnected mechanisms involved in such an application. In this work, an innovative numerical solver built on the OpenFOAM environment is constructed in order to explore the phase change process in a porous medium. The volume-of-fluid method and the Lee phase change model are applied in this numerical approach. The effects of coolant flow mass rate, heat flux, and porosity of porous structure on temperature and saturation distribution are investigated and discussed. The effects of both the external heat flux and the coolant mass flow rate under fixed porosity are also studied. The phase change is then delayed in the porous matrix when the amount of the injected coolant is increased. It reduces the area of two-phase and vapor regions. Also, a considerable rise in the upper surface temperature is obtained when the input heat flux or the porosity is separately enhanced. Full article
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