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Entropy
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Certification and Verification of Quantum Systems
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Certification and Verification of Quantum Systems

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Quantum Information".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 March 2022) | Viewed by 13279

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Remigiusz Augusiak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Theoretical Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: quantum entanglement; quantum nonlocality; Bell inequalities; foundations of quantum theory; self-testing; quantum randomness
Dr. Marcin Pawłowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Centre for Theory of Quantum Technologies, University of Gdańsk, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: quantum cryptography; foundations of physics; randomness; quantum communication; Bell inequalities; nonlocality

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, we have observed a wave of novel quantum technologies that are soon to change the way we process information and communicate: quantum random number generators, quantum annealers or simulators or even the first prototypes of quantum computers. Moreover, companies have even started to commercialize some of them, offering devices, for instance, for random number generation or quantum cryptography. However, should a user trust that the acquired device indeed exploits quantum features? This rapid development points to a very fundamental problem: how to verify and certify that a supposedly quantum device operates in a truly quantum way in the sense that it exploits the quantum effect to perform a given task and cannot be mimicked by purely classical methods. Efficient methods of certification of quantum devices are thus needed.

The aim of this Special Issue is to respond to that need and to provide an open-access platform for dissemination of recent results, pose interesting problems, and propose new ways of solving advanced problems within the widely understood field of quantum certification and verification. Contributions on other topics related to it as well as review articles summarizing up-to-date achievements in the field are also very welcome.

Dr. Remigiusz Augusiak
Dr. Marcin Pawłowski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • quantum technologies
  • quantum certification
  • quantum nonlocality
  • quantum entanglement
  • quantum steering
  • quantum randomness
  • quantum cryptography
  • quantum resources
  • prepare and measure scenarios
  • Bell inequalities
  • entanglement witnesses
  • random number generation
  • device-independent protocols
  • semi-device-independent protocols

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 379 KiB  
Article
Device-Independent Certification of Maximal Randomness from Pure Entangled Two-Qutrit States Using Non-Projective Measurements
by Jakub J. Borkała, Chellasamy Jebarathinam, Shubhayan Sarkar and Remigiusz Augusiak
Entropy 2022, 24(3), 350; https://doi.org/10.3390/e24030350 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2783
Abstract
While it has recently been demonstrated how to certify the maximal amount of randomness from any pure two-qubit entangled state in a device-independent way, the problem of optimal randomness certification from entangled states of higher local dimension remains open. Here we introduce a [...] Read more.
While it has recently been demonstrated how to certify the maximal amount of randomness from any pure two-qubit entangled state in a device-independent way, the problem of optimal randomness certification from entangled states of higher local dimension remains open. Here we introduce a method for device-independent certification of the maximal possible amount of 2log23 random bits using pure bipartite entangled two-qutrit states and extremal nine-outcome general non-projective measurements. To this aim, we exploit a device-independent method for certification of the full Weyl–Heisenberg basis in three-dimensional Hilbert spaces together with a one-sided device-independent method for certification of two-qutrit partially entangled states. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Certification and Verification of Quantum Systems)
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9 pages, 503 KiB  
Article
Differential Phase Shift Quantum Secret Sharing Using a Twin Field with Asymmetric Source Intensities
by Zhao-Ying Jia, Jie Gu, Bing-Hong Li, Hua-Lei Yin and Zeng-Bing Chen
Entropy 2021, 23(6), 716; https://doi.org/10.3390/e23060716 - 4 Jun 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3077
Abstract
As an essential application of quantum mechanics in classical cryptography, quantum secret sharing has become an indispensable component of quantum internet. Recently, a differential phase shift quantum secret sharing protocol using a twin field has been proposed to break the linear rate-distance boundary. [...] Read more.
As an essential application of quantum mechanics in classical cryptography, quantum secret sharing has become an indispensable component of quantum internet. Recently, a differential phase shift quantum secret sharing protocol using a twin field has been proposed to break the linear rate-distance boundary. However, this original protocol has a poor performance over channels with asymmetric transmittances. To make it more practical, we present a differential phase shift quantum secret sharing protocol with asymmetric source intensities and give the security proof of our protocol against individual attacks. Taking finite-key effects into account, our asymmetric protocol can theoretically obtain the key rate two orders of magnitude higher than that of the original protocol when the difference in length between Alice’s channel and Bob’s is fixed at 14 km. Moreover, our protocol can provide a high key rate even when the difference is quite large and has great robustness against finite-key effects. Therefore, our work is meaningful for the real-life applications of quantum secret sharing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Certification and Verification of Quantum Systems)
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Review

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28 pages, 4288 KiB  
Review
Verification of Information Thermodynamics in a Trapped Ion System
by Lei-Lei Yan, Lv-Yun Wang, Shi-Lei Su, Fei Zhou and Mang Feng
Entropy 2022, 24(6), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/e24060813 - 11 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5876
Abstract
Information thermodynamics has developed rapidly over past years, and the trapped ions, as a controllable quantum system, have demonstrated feasibility to experimentally verify the theoretical predictions in the information thermodynamics. Here, we address some representative theories of information thermodynamics, such as the quantum [...] Read more.
Information thermodynamics has developed rapidly over past years, and the trapped ions, as a controllable quantum system, have demonstrated feasibility to experimentally verify the theoretical predictions in the information thermodynamics. Here, we address some representative theories of information thermodynamics, such as the quantum Landauer principle, information equality based on the two-point measurement, information-theoretical bound of irreversibility, and speed limit restrained by the entropy production of system, and review their experimental demonstration in the trapped ion system. In these schemes, the typical physical processes, such as the entropy flow, energy transfer, and information flow, build the connection between thermodynamic processes and information variation. We then elucidate the concrete quantum control strategies to simulate these processes by using quantum operators and the decay paths in the trapped-ion system. Based on them, some significantly dynamical processes in the trapped ion system to realize the newly proposed information-thermodynamic models is reviewed. Although only some latest experimental results of information thermodynamics with a single trapped-ion quantum system are reviewed here, we expect to find more exploration in the future with more ions involved in the experimental systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Certification and Verification of Quantum Systems)
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