New Trends in Surface Protection Coatings, Films and Corrosion Inhibition

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 42480

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, 302 E Buchtel Ave, Akron, OH 44325-3906, USA
Interests: corrosion inhibition; smart coatings; protection films; surface science; electrochemical study; reinforced concrete; environmental corrosion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is focused on the recent developments and current research on corrosion inhibition and surface protection films in the field of coatings. Nowadays, society demands innovative corrosion prevention strategies that combine good corrosion protection along with environmentally friendly solutions that offer and guarantee a long-lasting service lifetime. To this end, different approaches have been researched, including smart corrosion inhibitors and coatings, controlled release corrosion inhibitors, superhydrophobic films and coatings, new sealing processes, and thermal spray coatings, among others. Special emphasis will be placed on advanced electrochemical techniques for coating characterization.

In particular, the topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • corrosion inhibitors;
  • controlled corrosion release;
  • microencapsulated corrosion inhibitors;
  • smart coatings;
  • superhydrophobic films and coatings;
  • new coating strategies;
  • sealing processes and films;
  • thermal spray coatings;
  • advanced electrochemical techniques for coating characterization.

Prof. Dr. David M. Bastidas
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3343 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical and DFT Study of NaNO2/NaNO3 Corrosion Inhibitor Blends for Rebar in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution
by Jacob Ress, Ulises Martin, Karl Breimaier and David M. Bastidas
Coatings 2022, 12(6), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060861 - 18 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2380
Abstract
The use of nitrite- and nitrate-based inhibitors provides corrosion protection by the development of passive oxide film on the metal surface in reinforced concrete applications. However, the impact of the nitrite and nitrate ratio in the mixture has not been widely studied. In [...] Read more.
The use of nitrite- and nitrate-based inhibitors provides corrosion protection by the development of passive oxide film on the metal surface in reinforced concrete applications. However, the impact of the nitrite and nitrate ratio in the mixture has not been widely studied. In this study, the corrosion protection provided by NaNO2:NaNO3 inhibitor blends with ratios of 0.5:1, 1:1, and 1:0.5 were studied to maximize corrosion inhibition efficiency. The nitrite species imparted higher corrosion protection, as shown by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, with an icorr of 1.16 × 10–7 A/cm2 for the 1:0.5 mixture, lower than for both the 1:1 and 0.5:1 mixtures. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was also performed, with the 1:0.5 mixture consistently displaying high resistance values, showing an Rct of 1.31 × 105 Ω cm2. The effect of temperature was also assessed; the Ea’s of the corrosion reaction were calculated to be 12.1, 9.2, and 4.9 kJ/mol for the 0.5:1, 1:1, and 1:0.5 (NO2:NO3) mixtures, respectively. Density functional theory was applied to analyze the molecular properties and to determine the relationship between the quantum properties and corrosion inhibition. The ΔE of NO2 was found to be −5.74 eV, lower than that of NO3 (−5.45 eV), corroborating the experimental results. Lastly, commercially available inhibitor mixtures were investigated and nitrite/nitrate concentrations determined to evaluate their corrosion protection performance; amongst the two inhibitor blends tested, Sika was found to outperform Yara due to its greater NO2 concentration. Full article
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12 pages, 3858 KiB  
Article
Improved Corrosion Protection of Acrylic Waterborne Coating by Doping with Microencapsulated Corrosion Inhibitors
by Jacob Ress, Ulises Martin and David M. Bastidas
Coatings 2021, 11(9), 1134; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091134 - 17 Sep 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3159
Abstract
Herein, a waterborne acrylic coating doped with pH sensitive colophony microcapsules containing corrosion inhibitors was studied on carbon steel plates. The changes in the physical properties of the coatings were studied. The microcapsule coating specimens maintained more noble Ecorr values compared to [...] Read more.
Herein, a waterborne acrylic coating doped with pH sensitive colophony microcapsules containing corrosion inhibitors was studied on carbon steel plates. The changes in the physical properties of the coatings were studied. The microcapsule coating specimens maintained more noble Ecorr values compared to the control in deionized water and simulated concrete pore solutions with −513 and −531 mVSCE, respectively. Additionally, the microcapsule polarization results for both pH 12.6 and 6.2 electrolyte solutions showed lower icorr values of 1.20 × 10−6 and 3.24 × 10−6 A·cm−2, respectively, compared to the control sample (1.15 × 10−5 and 4.21 × 10−5 A·cm−2). Therefore, the microcapsule coating provided more protection from chloride attack on the substrate as well as the deleterious effects of low pH on carbon steel. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis corroborated the DC polarization results, showing increased corrosion resistance for the microcapsule coated specimens compared to the control. Moreover, the Rpore and Rct are much higher than the control, indicating the protection of the inhibitors. The Ceff,dl also shows lower values for the microcapsule coating than the control, showing a more protective and less doped double layer. Full article
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18 pages, 3501 KiB  
Article
Hydrostatic Bearing Characteristics Investigation of a Spherical Piston Pair with an Annular Orifice Damper in Spherical Pump
by Dong Guan, Zhuxin Zhou and Chun Zhang
Coatings 2021, 11(8), 1007; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11081007 - 23 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2178
Abstract
The spherical pump is a totally new hydraulic concept, with spherical piston and hydrostatic bearing, in order to eliminate the direct contact between the piston and cylinder cover. In this paper, the governing Reynolds equation under spherical coordinates has been solved and the [...] Read more.
The spherical pump is a totally new hydraulic concept, with spherical piston and hydrostatic bearing, in order to eliminate the direct contact between the piston and cylinder cover. In this paper, the governing Reynolds equation under spherical coordinates has been solved and the hydrostatic bearing characteristics are systematically investigated. The operating sensitivities of the proposed spherical hydrostatic bearing, with respect to the piston radius, film beginning angle, film ending angle, film thickness, and temperature, are studied. The load carrying capacity, pressure drop coefficient, stiffness variation of the lubricating films, leakage properties, and leakage flow rates are comprehensively discussed. The related findings provide a fundamental basis for designing the high-efficient spherical pump under multiple operating conditions. Besides, these related results and mechanisms can also be utilized to design and improve other kinds of annular orifice damper spherical hydraulic bearing systems. Full article
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24 pages, 7788 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Properties, Corrosion Resistance and Bioactivity of Oxide Layers Formed by Isothermal Oxidation of Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy
by Krzysztof Aniołek, Bożena Łosiewicz, Julian Kubisztal, Patrycja Osak, Agnieszka Stróż, Adrian Barylski and Sławomir Kaptacz
Coatings 2021, 11(5), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11050505 - 25 Apr 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3209
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are among the most promising biomaterials for medical applications. In this work, the isothermal oxidation of Ti-6Al-7Nb biomedical alloy towards improving its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and bioactivity has been developed. The oxide layers were formed at 600, 700, [...] Read more.
Titanium and its alloys are among the most promising biomaterials for medical applications. In this work, the isothermal oxidation of Ti-6Al-7Nb biomedical alloy towards improving its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and bioactivity has been developed. The oxide layers were formed at 600, 700, and 800 °C for 72 h. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), 3D profilometry, and microindentation test, were used to characterize microstructure, surface geometrical structure, and the hardness of the diphase (α + β) Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy after oxidation, respectively. In vitro corrosion resistance tests were carried out in a saline solution at 37 °C using the open-circuit potential method and potentiodynamic measurements. Electronic properties in the air were studied using the Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) technique. The bioactivity test was conducted by soaking the alkali- and heat-treated samples in simulated body fluid for 7 days. The presence of apatite was confirmed using SEM/EDS and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. The thickness of oxide layers formed increased with the temperature growth from 0.25 to 5.48 µm. It was found that with increasing isothermal oxidation temperature, the surface roughness, hardness, corrosion resistance, and contact potential difference increased. The Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy after oxidation revealed the HAp-forming ability in a biological environment. Full article
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12 pages, 4594 KiB  
Article
Protection of Carbon Steel Rebars by Epoxy Coating with Smart Environmentally Friendly Microcapsules
by Jacob Ress, Ulises Martin, Juan Bosch and David M. Bastidas
Coatings 2021, 11(2), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020113 - 20 Jan 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3316
Abstract
The protection of mild steel by modified epoxy coating containing colophony microencapsulated corrosion inhibitors was investigated in this study. The corrosion behavior of these epoxy coatings containing colophony microcapsules was studied by electrochemical analysis using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The [...] Read more.
The protection of mild steel by modified epoxy coating containing colophony microencapsulated corrosion inhibitors was investigated in this study. The corrosion behavior of these epoxy coatings containing colophony microcapsules was studied by electrochemical analysis using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The microcapsule coating showed decreased corrosion current densities of 2.75 × 10−8 and 3.21 × 10−8 A/cm2 along with corrosion potential values of 0.349 and 0.392 VSCE for simulated concrete pore solution and deionized water with 3.5 wt.% NaCl, respectively, indicating improved corrosion protection in both alkaline and neutral pH. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis also showed charge transfer resistance values over one order of magnitude higher than the control sample, corroborating the electrochemical corrosion potential and current density testing results. Overall, the use of colophony microcapsules showed improved corrosion protection in simulated concrete pore solution and DI water solutions containing chloride ions. Full article
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Review

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55 pages, 4199 KiB  
Review
The Sealing Step in Aluminum Anodizing: A Focus on Sustainable Strategies for Enhancing Both Energy Efficiency and Corrosion Resistance
by Stanley Udochukwu Ofoegbu, Fábio A.O. Fernandes and António B. Pereira
Coatings 2020, 10(3), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030226 - 1 Mar 2020
Cited by 57 | Viewed by 26692
Abstract
Increasing demands for environmental accountability and energy efficiency in industrial practice necessitates significant modification(s) of existing technologies and development of new ones to meet the stringent sustainability demands of the future. Generally, development of required new technologies and appropriate modifications of existing ones [...] Read more.
Increasing demands for environmental accountability and energy efficiency in industrial practice necessitates significant modification(s) of existing technologies and development of new ones to meet the stringent sustainability demands of the future. Generally, development of required new technologies and appropriate modifications of existing ones need to be premised on in-depth appreciation of existing technologies, their limitations, and desired ideal products or processes. In the light of these, published literature mostly in the past 30 years on the sealing process; the second highest energy consuming step in aluminum anodization and a step with significant environmental impacts has been critical reviewed in this systematic review. Emphasis have been placed on the need to reduce both the energy input in the anodization process and environmental implications. The implications of the nano-porous structure of the anodic oxide on mass transport and chemical reactivity of relevant species during the sealing process is highlighted with a focus on exploiting these peculiarities, in improving the quality of sealed products. In addition, perspective is provided on plausible approaches and important factors to be considered in developing sealing procedures that can minimize the energy input and environmental impact of the sealing step, and ensure a more sustainable aluminum anodization process/industry. Full article
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