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Advances in Laser Surface Treatment Technologies
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Advances in Laser Surface Treatment Technologies

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "High-Energy Beam Surface Engineering and Coatings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1864

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Xingyu Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; intelligent manufacturing system; green and low carbon manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Kai Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Interests: laser advanced manufacturing; additive manufacturing; surface treatment
Dr. Boxue Song

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Putian University, Putian, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; numerical modelling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser surface treatment technologies have emerged as a transformative approach in materials science and engineering, offering precise, controllable, and environmentally friendly methods for modifying surface properties without altering bulk material characteristics. These technologies enable the creation of tailored surface functionalities including enhanced wear resistance, improved corrosion protection, optimized adhesion properties, and specialized optical characteristics. As industries increasingly demand materials with superior performance under extreme conditions, laser-based surface engineering has become critical for aerospace, biomedical, automotive, and energy applications. The non-contact nature, precision, and versatility of laser treatments make them particularly valuable in developing next-generation coatings and surface modifications, representing a significant advancement over traditional surface engineering techniques.

This special issue directly aligns with Coatings journal's scope, which specifically covers "Processes for coating deposition and modification" and "Applied surface science" among its key focus areas. The special issue maintains an appropriate scope—neither too broad to lack focus nor too narrow to limit contributions—by concentrating specifically on laser-based surface treatment technologies while encompassing various materials systems and industrial applications. By focusing on this specialized area within the broader field of surface engineering, the special issue will provide a comprehensive platform for researchers to share innovations that advance both fundamental understanding and practical applications. With a goal of collecting at least 10 high-quality papers, this special issue will serve as a valuable resource for the coatings community and may be published as a dedicated volume upon reaching the target number of contributions.

The scope of this special issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Laser surface modification techniques for enhanced coating adhesion;
  • Laser cladding and remelting processes for protective coatings;
  • Ultrafast laser processing for functional surface engineering;
  • Laser-induced surface texturing for tribological applications;
  • In-situ monitoring of laser surface treatment processes;
  • Computational modeling of laser-material interactions;
  • Hybrid laser processes combined with other surface treatment methods;
  • Laser surface treatment for biomedical coating applications;
  • Environmental and economic aspects of laser surface engineering.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Xingyu Jiang
Prof. Dr. Kai Zhang
Dr. Boxue Song
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser surface treatment
  • surface modification
  • coating technologies
  • laser-material interactions
  • functional coatings

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 24030 KB  
Article
Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of TiC/Ti6Al4V FGMs Fabricated by Wire and Powder Laser-Directed Energy Deposition
by Xiangyu Liu, Hongyou Bian, Kai Zhang, Weijun Liu and Fei Xing
Coatings 2026, 16(5), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16050613 - 19 May 2026
Viewed by 163
Abstract
Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) are increasingly vital in aerospace for their high specific strength and wear resistance, with compositional gradient design serving as a key strategy to mitigate thermophysical mismatches between ceramic and metal phases. This study utilized laser-directed energy deposition with concurrent [...] Read more.
Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) are increasingly vital in aerospace for their high specific strength and wear resistance, with compositional gradient design serving as a key strategy to mitigate thermophysical mismatches between ceramic and metal phases. This study utilized laser-directed energy deposition with concurrent wire-powder feeding (LDED-WP) to fabricate TiC/Ti6Al4V gradient composites, employing a laser power of 2700 W, wire feed rates of 110–150 cm/min, and calibrated powder feed rates ranging from 50.22 to 497.13 g/h. Along the build direction, the TiC content was progressively increased from 10 wt.% to 60 wt.%. Investigations into microstructural evolution revealed that the reinforcement morphology transitions from chain-like eutectic TiC to dendritic primary TiC, while the lamellarα-Ti width refines significantly from 4.07 ± 1.15 μm to 0.45 ± 0.29 μm. EBSD analysis confirmed that higher TiC concentrations weaken the characteristic <001> solidification texture, reducing intensity from 11.24 to 7.64. Furthermore, KAM analysis highlighted that thermal expansion and elastic modulus mismatches trigger substantial geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) accumulation at interfaces. Consequently, Vickers hardness improved by 164% along the gradient, peaking at 950 HV. Although the composite achieved an ultimate tensile strength of 630 MPa, the elongation was limited to 2.4% due to crack nucleation in TiC-rich regions and interfacial instability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Laser Surface Treatment Technologies)
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20 pages, 10179 KB  
Article
Deep Spatiotemporal Condition Monitoring and Subsystem Fault Classification for Selective Laser Melting Equipment
by Qi Liu, Weijun Liu, Hongyou Bian and Fei Xing
Coatings 2026, 16(5), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16050517 - 23 Apr 2026
Viewed by 283
Abstract
The integration of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) into high-end manufacturing necessitates robust machine-condition monitoring and subsystem fault classification to navigate the intricate coupling and dynamic transients inherent in these systems. Current diagnostic frameworks often struggle to decouple high-dimensional state variables or track their [...] Read more.
The integration of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) into high-end manufacturing necessitates robust machine-condition monitoring and subsystem fault classification to navigate the intricate coupling and dynamic transients inherent in these systems. Current diagnostic frameworks often struggle to decouple high-dimensional state variables or track their underlying temporal evolution. To overcome these bottlenecks, this paper develops a spatiotemporal deep learning architecture by coupling Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) units. This hybrid approach leverages CNNs to distill multi-dimensional spatial features from subsystem sensor arrays, while LSTMs interpret the sequential dependencies critical for identifying systemic drifts. The proposed framework was validated using an extensive industrial dataset comprising over 310,000 temporal samples across seven critical SLM subsystems, including optical, cooling, and energy units. We systematically investigated three data-handling strategies—feature weighting, balancing, and distribution-based synthesis—to optimize the model’s sensitivity to rare-event anomalies. Benchmarking across six architectural variants reveals that a specific CNN × 3 + LSTM × 1 configuration yields superior diagnostic fidelity, achieving a classification accuracy of 98.81%. Visualization of the feature space confirms high inter-class separability, demonstrating the model’s ability to isolate faults within complex manufacturing cycles. This research offers a scalable paradigm for the intelligent monitoring of SLM equipment and provides a technical benchmark for equipment health management and predictive maintenance in advanced additive manufacturing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Laser Surface Treatment Technologies)
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15 pages, 7376 KB  
Article
Effect of Laser Cladding Technology on the Microstructure and Wear Properties of Gradient Coating on Crystallizer Copper Plate
by Dan Liu, Weijun Liu, Xingyu Jiang and Ao Liu
Coatings 2025, 15(11), 1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15111300 - 6 Nov 2025
Viewed by 925
Abstract
Under harsh conditions involving high temperatures and severe abrasion, the copper plates of continuous casting crystallizers are highly susceptible to wear failure and thermal cracking. In this study, a Ni60AA transition layer is applied onto the copper plate via laser cladding to enhance [...] Read more.
Under harsh conditions involving high temperatures and severe abrasion, the copper plates of continuous casting crystallizers are highly susceptible to wear failure and thermal cracking. In this study, a Ni60AA transition layer is applied onto the copper plate via laser cladding to enhance the interfacial bonding properties. To further reinforce the coating, TiB2 is incorporated into the nickel-based transition layer, leading to a significant improvement in overall performance. With the addition of 3 wt.% TiB2 and 0.5% Y2O3, the coating microstructure undergoes notable refinement: coarse columnar grains transform into fine equiaxed grains, and the microhardness reaches 1225.3 HV0.1. The coating demonstrates excellent wear resistance, exhibiting a minimal wear depth of 97.09 μm, a low weight loss of 0.0089 g, and a stable friction coefficient of 0.32. By synergistically optimizing the transition layer and incorporating TiB2, this study successfully enhances the surface strength and wear resistance of the crystallizer copper plate, offering a reliable technical approach for extending the service life of continuous casting crystallizers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Laser Surface Treatment Technologies)
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