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Clean Technol.
Special Issues
Green Hydrogen Production for Achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050
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Green Hydrogen Production for Achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050

A special issue of Clean Technologies (ISSN 2571-8797).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2022) | Viewed by 16322

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ivan Tolj

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
Interests: thermodynamics; PEM fuel cells; heating and air conditioning; fuel cell powered vehicles; metallic hydrides for hydrogen storage and compression; renewable energy sources; phase change materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe to achieve CO2 neutrality by 2050, which was released in summer 2020 by the European Union, is an important and historical step for our civilization. Europe has set itself ambitious goals: the installation of at least 6 GW of renewable hydrogen electrolyzers in the EU and production of 1 million tonnes of green hydrogen before 2024; from 2025–2030, the installation of at least 40 GW of renewable hydrogen electrolyzers and the production of up to 10 million tonnes of renewable hydrogen in the EU; finally, from 2030 onwards, green hydrogen will be deployed on a large scale. To achieve these goals, research and innovation in clean technology are important with an emphasis on electrolyzers and hydrogen compression and distribution. For green hydrogen to compete with grey hydrogen it is important to increase the efficiency of electrolyzers and at the same time implement low-cost solar and wind resources. The Special Issue “Green Hydrogen Production for achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050” will focus on electrolyzers and hydrogen compression technologies and their integration into existing renewable energy power plants. Submissions related to the following are also welcome:

  • PEM fuel cells;
  • Water desalination utilizing renewable energy;
  • Power management strategies for renewable systems;
  • Batteries;
  • Metal-hydrides for hydrogen storage;
  • Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) technologies and;
  • Hydrogen transportation through pipelines.

Dr. Ivan Tolj
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Clean Technologies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green hydrogen
  • EU hydrogen strategy
  • CO2 neutrality
  • electrolyzer efficiency
  • hydrogen compression

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 6038 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Electrical and Thermal Performance of a Commercial PEM Electrolyzer under Dynamic Solicitations
by Feriel Mustapha, Damien Guilbert and Mohammed El-Ganaoui
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(4), 931-941; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4040057 - 26 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3576
Abstract
Hydrogen generation through electrolyzers has gained a growing interest from researchers and industries to decarbonize transportation and electricity production. The performance of electrolyzers is strongly dependent on their operating conditions, such as the supply current, temperature, and pressure. To meet near-zero emissions, the [...] Read more.
Hydrogen generation through electrolyzers has gained a growing interest from researchers and industries to decarbonize transportation and electricity production. The performance of electrolyzers is strongly dependent on their operating conditions, such as the supply current, temperature, and pressure. To meet near-zero emissions, the electrolyzer must be supplied by low-carbon energy sources. Therefore, renewable energy sources must be considered. However, these sources are strongly linked with the weather conditions, so they have a high dynamic behavior. Therefore, this article is focused on the investigation of the effects of these dynamic solicitations on the electrical and thermal performance of electrolyzers. In this study, a proton exchange membrane (PEM) has been chosen to carry out this investigation. Experimental tests have been performed, emphasizing the relationship between the electrical and thermal performance of the PEM electrolyzer. The purpose of this work is to provide an optimal scenario of the operation of the electrolyzer under dynamic solicitations and consequently, to decrease the degradation of the electrolyzer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Hydrogen Production for Achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050)
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9 pages, 789 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of Hydrogen Production by Bacteroides vulgatus in Psychrophilic Fermentation of Cattle Slurry
by Joanna Kazimierowicz, Marcin Dębowski and Marcin Zieliński
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(3), 806-814; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4030049 - 16 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2742
Abstract
H2 is a low-impact energy carrier, which the EU hydrogen strategy has positioned as a major component of energy policy. Dark fermentation by psychrophilic bacteria is a promising avenue of H2 production, though one that requires further study. The aim of [...] Read more.
H2 is a low-impact energy carrier, which the EU hydrogen strategy has positioned as a major component of energy policy. Dark fermentation by psychrophilic bacteria is a promising avenue of H2 production, though one that requires further study. The aim of this study was to determine the H2 production performance of a Bacteroides vulgatus strain during fermentation of psychrophilic cattle slurry. The test strain was isolated from an inland water body at a depth of 40 ± 5 m. The experimental fermentation process was run at 15 ± 1 °C and yielded 265.5 ± 31.2 cm3 biogas/g COD removed, including 46.9 ± 2.6 cm3 H2/g COD removed. CO2 was the main constituent of the resultant biogas, at 79.8 ± 1.9%. The gas also contained 17.6 ± 1.4% H2 and 2.3 ± 0.2% CH4. Organic matter removal and nutrient take-up from the feedstock were low. Our findings show that practical applicability of this process is hampered by multiple operational hurdles and its relatively poor performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Hydrogen Production for Achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050)
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15 pages, 3691 KiB  
Article
Performance Evaluation of Roughened Solar Air Heaters for Stretched Parameters
by Mustafa Alaskari, Arwa M. Kadhim, Ammar A. Farhan, Moustafa Al-Damook and Mansour Al Qubeissi
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(2), 555-569; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4020034 - 16 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2982
Abstract
Artificial roughness applied to a Solar Air Heater (SAH) absorber plate is a popular technique for increasing its total thermal efficiency (ηt−th). In this paper, the influence of geometrical parameters of V-down ribs attached below the corrugated [...] Read more.
Artificial roughness applied to a Solar Air Heater (SAH) absorber plate is a popular technique for increasing its total thermal efficiency (ηt−th). In this paper, the influence of geometrical parameters of V-down ribs attached below the corrugated absorbing plate of a SAH on the ηt−th was examined. The impacts of key roughness parameters, including relative pitch p/e (6–12), relative height e/D (0.019–0.043), angles of attack α (30–75°), and Re (1000–20,000), were examined under real weather conditions. The SAH ηt−th roughened by V-down ribs was predicted using an in-house developed conjugate heat-transfer numerical model. The maximum SAH ηt−th was shown to be 78.8% as predicted under the steady-state conditions of Re = 20,000, solar irradiance G = 1000 W/m2, p/e = 8, e/D = 0.043, and α = 60. The result was 15.7% greater efficiency compared to the default smooth surface. Under real weather conditions, the ηt−th of the roughened SAH with single- and double-glass covers were 17.7 and 20.1%, respectively, which were higher than those of the smooth SAH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Hydrogen Production for Achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050)
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Review

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11 pages, 4768 KiB  
Review
Green Hydrogen in the UK: Progress and Prospects
by Kevin Kendall
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(2), 345-355; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4020020 - 30 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5905
Abstract
Green hydrogen has been known in the UK since Robert Boyle described flammable air in 1671. This paper describes how green hydrogen has become a new priority for the UK in 2021, beginning to replace fossil hydrogen production exceeding 1 Mte in 2021 [...] Read more.
Green hydrogen has been known in the UK since Robert Boyle described flammable air in 1671. This paper describes how green hydrogen has become a new priority for the UK in 2021, beginning to replace fossil hydrogen production exceeding 1 Mte in 2021 when the British Government started to inject significant funding into green hydrogen sources, though much less than the USA, Germany, Japan and China. Recent progress in the UK was initiated in 2008 when the first UK green hydrogen station opened in Birmingham University, refuelling 5 hydrogen fuel cell battery electric vehicles (HFCBEVs) for the 50 PhD chemical engineering students that arrived in 2009. Only 10 kg/day were required, in contrast to the first large, green ITM power station delivering almost 600 kg/day of green hydrogen that opened in the UK, in Tyseley, in July 2021. The first question asked in this paper is: ‘What do you mean, Green?’. Then, the Clean Air Zone (CAZ) in Birmingham is described, with the key innovations defined. Progress in UK green hydrogen and fuel cell introduction is then recounted. The remarks of Elon Musk about this ‘Fool Cell; Mind bogglingly stupid’ technology are analysed to show that he is incorrect. The immediate deployment of green hydrogen stations around the UK has been planned. Another century may be needed to make green hydrogen dominant across the country, yet we will be on the correct path, once a profitable supply chain is established in 2022. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Hydrogen Production for Achieving Zero Net Emissions by 2050)
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