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Clean Technol.
Special Issues
Advanced Oxidation Processes for Environmental Remediation
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Advanced Oxidation Processes for Environmental Remediation

A special issue of Clean Technologies (ISSN 2571-8797).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2023) | Viewed by 9376

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mahmood Reza Karimi Estahbanati

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo, MI 49002, USA
Interests: advanced oxidation processes; water treatment; microplastics and nanoplastics; environmental engineering; electrochemistry; photocatalysis
Dr. Mohammad (Mim) Rahimi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
Interests: environmental engineering; electrochemistry; CO2 capture; photocatalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, environment protection is one of the most urgent and significant global problems. Physical, physicochemical, and biological methods for the removal of environmental pollutants are well-developed. Despite this, it is necessary to develop efficient technologies to fulfill the gap between the contaminant removal capability of conventional methods and the limits of environmental regulations. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are promising methods for environmental remediation, since not only do they remove contaminants, they also directly mineralize organic pollutants to non/less harmful compounds through their oxidation with reactive oxygenated species (ROSs) such as hydroxyl radicals (HO•) or sulfate radicals ( SO4•−). The combination of AOPs, mainly with ozone (O3), catalysts, or UV irradiation, can significantly promote environmental remediation efficiency.

Based on the generation mechanism of ROSs and reaction conditions, AOPs can be categorized into different processes, including photocatalytic, electrochemical, catalytic, ozonation, Fenton, photo-Fenton, electro-Fenton, and sulfate-radical-based processes. This Special Issue welcomes your contribution through research observations and investigations on the application of AOPs for environmental remediation. The papers that will be accepted for this Special Issue include original studies as well as review/perspective articles.

Dr. Mahmood Reza Karimi Estahbanati
Dr. Mohammad (Mim) Rahimi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Clean Technologies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • advanced oxidation process
  • environmental remediation
  • reactive oxygenated species
  • photocatalysis
  • electrochemistry
  • fenton
  • catalysis
  • photo-electro fenton
  • hydroxyl radical
  • sulfate radical

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1322 KiB  
Article
Elementary Steps in Steady State Kinetic Model Approximation for the Homo-Heterogeneous Photocatalysis of Carbamazepine
by Yuval Shahar and Giora Rytwo
Clean Technol. 2023, 5(3), 866-880; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5030043 - 6 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1568
Abstract
Elucidating physicochemical processes in the degradation of pollutants may optimize their removal from water sources. Although the photodegradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) has been widely studied, there is no detailed report on the elementary steps of the kinetics. This [...] Read more.
Elucidating physicochemical processes in the degradation of pollutants may optimize their removal from water sources. Although the photodegradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) has been widely studied, there is no detailed report on the elementary steps of the kinetics. This study proposes a set of elementary steps for the AOP of CBZ, combining short-wave ultraviolet radiation (UVC), a homogeneous reagent (H2O2), and a heterogeneous catalyst (TiO2), which includes the excitation of both reagents/catalysts by UVC photons, the adsorption of CBZ by the excited TiO2, or its oxidation by hydroxyl radicals. Assuming the steady-state approximation on the intermediate products (excited TiO2, CBZ-excited TiO2 complex, and hydroxyl radicals) leads to rate laws for the degradation of CBZ, in which UVC radiation, TiO2, and H2O2 are pseudo-first-order at all concentrations or intensities and have no direct influence on CBZ pseudo-order, whereas CBZ shifts from pseudo-first-order at low concentrations to pseudo-zero-order at high concentrations. Several experiments to test the mechanism were conducted by varying CBZ, H2O2, and TiO2 concentrations and UVC radiation intensities. The measured results indeed fit the suggested mechanism for the first three, but the irradiation intensity appears to shift the CBZ influence from pseudo-second- to pseudo-first-order with increased intensities. Part of the elementary steps were changed to fit the results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Environmental Remediation)
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11 pages, 4331 KiB  
Article
Metal-Supported TiO2/SiO2 Core-Shell Nanosphere Photocatalyst for Efficient Sunlight-Driven Methanol Degradation
by M. R. Karimi Estahbanati, Thuy-Dung Vu, Trong-On Do, Zahra Nayernia and Maria C. Iliuta
Clean Technol. 2023, 5(3), 828-838; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5030040 - 27 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1560
Abstract
The development of novel and active photocatalysts to industrialize photocatalysis technology is still a challenging task. In this work, a novel method is presented to prepare TiO2/SiO2 NSs by covering SiO2 nanospheres (NSs) with titanate-nanodiscs (TNDs) followed by calcination. [...] Read more.
The development of novel and active photocatalysts to industrialize photocatalysis technology is still a challenging task. In this work, a novel method is presented to prepare TiO2/SiO2 NSs by covering SiO2 nanospheres (NSs) with titanate-nanodiscs (TNDs) followed by calcination. In this regard, SiO2 NSs are first synthesized and then TNDs are deposited on the SiO2 NSs using a layer-by-layer deposition technique. The morphology of the prepared samples is analyzed via SEM and TEM analyses before and after the deposition. The analysis of metal (Cu, Pt, and Ni) loading on calcined TNDs/SiO2 NSs reveals the highest specific surface area (109 m2/g), absorption wavelength extension (up to 420 nm), and photocatalytic activity for the Cu-loaded sample. In addition, studying the effect of metal content shows that loading 3% Cu leads to the highest photocatalytic activity. Finally, it is demonstrated that H2S treatment can improve the photocatalytic activity by around 15%. These findings suggest the calcined TNDs/SiO2 NSs are a versatile photocatalyst with potential applications in other processes such as hydrogen production and CO2 valorization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Environmental Remediation)
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12 pages, 1504 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical Treatment of Arsenic in Drinking Water: Effect of Initial As3+ Concentration, pH, and Conductivity on the Kinetics of Oxidation
by Sabrina Sorlini, Marco Carnevale Miino, Zdravka Lazarova and Maria Cristina Collivignarelli
Clean Technol. 2023, 5(1), 203-214; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5010012 - 3 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2540
Abstract
Many technologies for the treatment of arsenic-containing drinking water are available, but most of them are more effective on arsenic oxidized forms. Therefore, the pre-oxidation of As3+ is necessary. The electrochemical processes represent a very promising method due to the simultaneous oxidation [...] Read more.
Many technologies for the treatment of arsenic-containing drinking water are available, but most of them are more effective on arsenic oxidized forms. Therefore, the pre-oxidation of As3+ is necessary. The electrochemical processes represent a very promising method due to the simultaneous oxidation of compounds using electrochemical conditions and the reactive radicals produced. In this work, As3+ oxidation was experimentally studied at a pilot scale using an electrochemical oxidation cell (voltage: 10 V; current: 1.7 A). The effect of the initial arsenite concentration, pH, and conductivity of drinking water on the oxidation of As3+ into As5+ was investigated. The results showed that the initial As3+ concentration strongly directly influences the oxidation process. Increasing the initial arsenite concentration from 500 to 5000 µg L−1, the pseudo-first order kinetic constant (k) strongly decreased from 0.521 to 0.038 min−1, and after 10 min, only 21.3% of As3+ was oxidized (vs. 99.9% in the case of As3+ equal to 500 µg L−1). Slightly alkaline conditions (pH = 8) favored the electrochemical oxidation into As5+, while the process was partially inhibited in the presence of a more alkaline or acidic pH. The increase in conductivity up to 2000 µS cm−1 enhanced the kinetic of the oxidation, despite remaining on the same order of magnitude as in the case of conductivity equal to 700 µS cm−1. After 10 min, 99.9 and 95% of As3+ was oxidized, respectively. It is the opinion of the authors that the influence of other operational factors, such as voltage and current density, and the impact of the high concentration of other pollutants should be deeply studied in order to optimize the process, especially in the case of an application at full scale. However, these results provide helpful indications to future research having highlighted the influence of initial As3+ concentration, pH, and conductivity on the electrochemical oxidation of arsenic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Environmental Remediation)
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17 pages, 5704 KiB  
Article
Thermal- and MnO2-Activated Peroxydisulfate for Diuron Removal from Water
by Angelo Fenti, Antonio Minò and Stefano Salvestrini
Clean Technol. 2022, 4(4), 1071-1087; https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4040065 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2274
Abstract
In this work, a peroxydisulfate (PDS)-based advanced oxidation process was used for removing diuron from water. The effect of heat and MnO2 as PDS activators was explored. It was found that diuron degradation obeyed zero-order kinetics in the presence of heat-activated PDS. [...] Read more.
In this work, a peroxydisulfate (PDS)-based advanced oxidation process was used for removing diuron from water. The effect of heat and MnO2 as PDS activators was explored. It was found that diuron degradation obeyed zero-order kinetics in the presence of heat-activated PDS. The relative contribution of MnO2 to the diuron degradation decreased with the increasing temperature. At the highest temperature investigated, T = 55 °C, complete diuron removal was achieved in less than 75 min. A kinetic model for describing the rate of diuron degradation was proposed and successfully applied to the experimental data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Environmental Remediation)
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