Biomarkers in Human Diseases and Emerging Diagnostic Technologies for Their Identification and Application

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 1564

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
Interests: biomarkers; disease mechanisms; inflammation; neuroinflammation; point-of-care devices; organ-on-chip; biosensors

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
Interests: biomarkers; infectious diseases; microfluidic devices; biosensors; bacteriophages
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomarkers play a crucial role in understanding human diseases by serving as measurable indicators of physiological, pathological, or therapeutic responses. They provide valuable insights into disease mechanisms, enabling early detection, accurate diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and the monitoring of treatment efficacy. Biomarkers range from genetic and molecular markers to proteins, metabolites, and pathogens, reflecting various aspects of disease processes.

The development and implementation of precise diagnostic methods are essential for effectively detecting and quantifying biomarkers. Advanced techniques, such as molecular assays, immunoassays, next-generation sequencing, and imaging technologies, have revolutionized biomarker-based diagnostics. These methods enable personalized medicine approaches, allowing for tailored therapeutic interventions based on an individual’s biomarker profile. Additionally, combining multiple biomarkers through multiplex assays and bioinformatic tools enhances diagnostic accuracy and predictive power. Moreover, emerging technologies, such as microfluidic devices and biosensors, can add accuracy, reproducibility, and sensitivity, and enable point-of-care diagnosis, ultimately improving patient outcomes and advancing medical research.         

This Special Issue provides an open access platform for original research and review articles exploring the evolving field of biomarkers and diagnostic technologies. We invite contributions focused on biomarker identification, diagnostic and monitoring applications, validation, and their interplay with disease mechanisms. Submissions discussing the development and implementation of advanced diagnostic methods for biomarker detection, such as microfluidic devices and biosensors, are also highly encouraged. Our goal is to underscore the critical role of biomarkers in disease management and the indispensable role of diagnostic technologies in harnessing their full potential.

Dr. Andrea Cruz
Dr. Carla Carvalho
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • human diseases
  • disease mechanisms
  • biomarker validation
  • early detection
  • accurate diagnosis
  • prognosis evaluation
  • treatment monitoring
  • diagnostic technologies
  • biosensors
  • microfluidics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 3042 KiB  
Article
Intracellular Inclusions Induced by Patient-Derived and Amplified α-Synuclein Aggregates Are Morphologically Indistinguishable
by Rabab Al-Lahham, Mark E. Corkins, Mohd Ishtikhar, Prakruti Rabadia, Santiago Ramirez, Victor Banerjee and Mohammad Shahnawaz
Cells 2025, 14(10), 684; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14100684 - 9 May 2025
Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Lewy Body Disease (LBD) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) are synucleinopathies with distinct prognoses and neuropathologies, however, with overlapping clinical symptoms. Different disease characteristics are proposed to be determined by distinct conformations of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates, which can self-propagate and spread between cells [...] Read more.
Lewy Body Disease (LBD) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) are synucleinopathies with distinct prognoses and neuropathologies, however, with overlapping clinical symptoms. Different disease characteristics are proposed to be determined by distinct conformations of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates, which can self-propagate and spread between cells via a prion-like mechanism. The goal of this study is to investigate whether α-syn aggregates amplified from brain and CSF samples of LBD and MSA patients using the Seed Amplification Assay (SAA) maintain α-Syn seeding properties similar to those of α-syn aggregates derived from patients’ brains. To address this, SAA-amplified and un-amplified α-Syn aggregates from LBD and MSA patients’ brains, as well as SAA-amplified α-Syn aggregates from LBD and MSA patients’ CSF samples, were used to treat synuclein biosensor cells, and induced intracellular α-Syn inclusions were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Our data indicate that induced α-Syn aggregates from LBD and MSA patients’ brains have similar seeding properties and morphological characteristics in the α-Syn biosensor cells as those amplified from LBD and MSA patients’ brains, as well as those amplified from LBD and MSA patients’ CSF samples. In this study, we demonstrated that, regardless of the source of aggregates, the seeds from LBD and MSA produce cellular accumulation of α-Syn with distinct morphologies, confirming the presence of different conformational strains of α-Syn in LBD and MSA and allowing us to differentiate synucleinopathies based on the morphology of aggregates and seeding properties. Full article
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