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Advances in First-Line and Second-Line Treatment Research for Renal Cell Carcinoma

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 563

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Interests: kidney cancer; minimally invasive and robotic surgery; clinical and translational uro-oncology
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Guest Editor
Urology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Interests: minimally invasive urologic surgery; translational research; biostatistics
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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Interests: uro-oncology; minimally invasive surgery; clinical research
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a biologically heterogeneous malignancy whose management has undergone a profound transformation over the past decade. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-angiogenic agents, and their rational combinations has reshaped the first-line and second-line therapeutic landscape, leading to significant improvements in survival outcomes across risk groups. Nevertheless, optimal treatment sequencing, resistance mechanisms, patient selection, and real-world applicability remain areas of active investigation and unmet clinical need.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of advances in first-line and second-line treatment research for RCC, bridging translational insights and clinical evidence. Particular emphasis will be placed on novel systemic strategies, biomarkers of response and resistance, comparative effectiveness studies, and evolving treatment algorithms in both clear-cell and non–clear-cell RCC. The scope of this Special Issue is to address innovative therapeutic approaches, precision oncology, and outcome-driven research in urological malignancies.

In this Special Issue, original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and comprehensive reviews are welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, immunotherapy-based combinations, targeted therapies, sequencing strategies, predictive biomarkers, treatment resistance, toxicity management, and real-world evidence. We look forward to receiving high-quality contributions that will advance clinical decision-making and future research in RCC.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Clinics and Practice.

Dr. Francesco Ditonno
Prof. Dr. Celeste Manfredi
Dr. Antonio Franco
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renal cell carcinoma
  • immune checkpoint inhibitors
  • patient selection
  • precision medicine
  • biomarkers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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18 pages, 1756 KB  
Systematic Review
Robot-Assisted Versus Open and Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy forRenal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Filippo Caudana, Mattia Ronca, Francesco Ditonno, Greta Pettenuzzo, Celeste Manfredi, Alessandro Veccia, Riccardo Giuseppe Bertolo, Gaëlle Margue, Riccardo Autorino, Jean-Christophe Bernhard and Alessandro Antonelli
Cancers 2026, 18(16), 2613; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18162613 - 13 Aug 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: To compare perioperative, pathological, functional, and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy (RARN-TT) versus open (ORN-TT) and laparoscopic (LRN-TT) approaches. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies of adults with renal cell [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: To compare perioperative, pathological, functional, and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava tumor thrombectomy (RARN-TT) versus open (ORN-TT) and laparoscopic (LRN-TT) approaches. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies of adults with renal cell carcinoma and Mayo/Neves level I–IV inferior vena cava tumor thrombus undergoing RARN-TT versus ORN-TT and/or LRN-TT. Risk ratios and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random effects models with restricted maximum-likelihood estimation. Results: Eight retrospective studies including 1781 patients were included: 221 underwent robotic surgery, 1411 open surgery, and 149 laparoscopic surgery. Compared with ORN-TT, RARN-TT was associated with lower estimated blood loss (mean difference −900.5 mL, 95% confidence interval −1234.0 to −566.9; p = 0.001), lower transfusion probability (risk ratio 0.395, 95% confidence interval 0.159–0.979; p = 0.046), and shorter hospital stay (mean difference −3.79 days, 95% confidence interval −4.83 to −2.76; p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in operative time, intensive care unit stay, postoperative complications, perioperative mortality, pathological outcomes, or overall survival. Evidence for cancer-specific and progression-free survival was limited. Comparisons with LRN-TT were exploratory. Conclusions: RARN-TT may reduce blood loss, transfusion requirements, and hospital stay compared with ORN-TT, without evidence of worse perioperative, pathological, or survival outcomes. However, all studies were retrospective and affected by selection bias and heterogeneity. RARN-TT may be considered for selected patients at experienced centers, particularly for lower-level thrombi. Prospective multicenter studies stratified by thrombus level are needed. Full article
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