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Buildings
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Timber–Concrete Composite Structures: Property Analysis, Stability Design and Applications
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Timber–Concrete Composite Structures: Property Analysis, Stability Design and Applications

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2901

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hao Du

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Interests: composite structures; timber structures; structural analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The timber–concrete composite structure is a type of composite structural system developed based on timber structures. It combines the timber beams and concrete slabs into a collectively loaded whole through the shear connectors. The mechanical and physical strengths of both components are utilized efficiently. Compared to the traditional timber beam, the timber–concrete composite beam contains multiple advantages, such as greater load bearing capacity and bending stiffness, improved sound insulation, and less susceptibility to vibration. In order to safely and reasonably apply timber–concrete composite structures, it is necessary to establish accurate and effective theories to estimate the mechanical properties and stability design methods for timber–concrete composite structures. Experimental research, modeling studies, and review papers will be considered. Submitted studies shall clearly identify their novelty and contribution to the state of the art.

Dr. Hao Du
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • timber–concrete composite structure
  • property analysis
  • fire performance
  • stability design
  • shear connector
  • long-term behavior
  • bamboo

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 6323 KiB  
Article
Embedment Performance of Glued Laminated Bamboo and Timber Composite Joints
by Zheng Chen, Hao Du, Libin Wang and Xiang Ding
Buildings 2024, 14(12), 4043; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14124043 - 20 Dec 2024
Viewed by 643
Abstract
Dowel connectors are extensively utilized to establish joint connections in timber constructions. This study investigated the embedment performance of glued laminated bamboo and timber composite joints through half-hole tests, focusing on the effects of dowel diameter, loading direction, contact condition, combination method, and [...] Read more.
Dowel connectors are extensively utilized to establish joint connections in timber constructions. This study investigated the embedment performance of glued laminated bamboo and timber composite joints through half-hole tests, focusing on the effects of dowel diameter, loading direction, contact condition, combination method, and moisture content. The experimental results indicated that the embedment strength of the specimens decreased progressively with an increase in dowel diameter. For wood–bamboo–wood (WBW) specimens, the embedment strength in the longitudinal to the grain was 18% higher than in the transverse direction. For bamboo–wood–bamboo (BWB), the embedment strength in the longitudinal to grain was 71% higher than in the transverse to grain. However, the compression direction to the grain had no observable impact on the embedment stiffness. The embedment capacity varied with different combination methods of bamboo and wood materials, and BWB specimens exhibited greater strength than WBW specimens. For WBW specimens, the embedment strength under smooth contact conditions was 61% higher than that under threaded contact conditions. Similarly, for BWB specimens, the embedment strength under smooth contact conditions was 73% higher than that under threaded contact conditions. After 3 days of water immersion, the embedment strength of glued laminated bamboo and timber composite specimens decreased to about 45% of the original strength. After 6 days of water immersion, the embedment strength of glued laminated bamboo and timber composite specimens fell to about 15% of the original strength. Based on the test results, this paper proposed calculation methods for predicting the embedment strength and stiffness of glued laminated bamboo and timber composite joints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Timber–Concrete Composite Structures: Property Analysis, Stability Design and Applications)
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20 pages, 6919 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics and Seismic Response of Chen Xiang Pavilion in Xi’an Considering the Lower Stylobate
by Kang Liu, Huifang Liao, Bowen Xue, Chenwei Wu, Jianyang Xue, Dejun Song and Hao Xue
Buildings 2024, 14(12), 3742; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123742 - 24 Nov 2024
Viewed by 678
Abstract
This paper presents the dynamic characteristics and seismic performance of the Chen Xiang Pavilion in Xi’an and the influence of the lower stylobate on the dynamic response of the upper wooden structure. An in situ dynamic test was conducted under ambient vibration to [...] Read more.
This paper presents the dynamic characteristics and seismic performance of the Chen Xiang Pavilion in Xi’an and the influence of the lower stylobate on the dynamic response of the upper wooden structure. An in situ dynamic test was conducted under ambient vibration to detect the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the structure. Three numerical models, including the upper wooden structure, the lower stylobate, and the whole structure (wooden structure and stylobate), were established. Dynamic characteristic and seismic response analyses were performed on the calculated models to investigate the influence of the lower stylobate on the dynamic response of the upper wooden structure. The simulation results indicated that the lower stylobate significantly affected the dynamic characteristics of the upper wooden structure above the third order. The seismic responses of the upper wooden structure were amplified because of the lower stylobate. Under different excitations, the displacement response of the whole structure was up to 1.99 times relative to the upper wooden structure, and the structural shear forces were increased by 15.3%. The dynamic amplification coefficient was magnified from 0.742~0.948 to 1.024~1.776. The Chen Xiang Pavilion has a good energy dissipation capacity, but the lower stylobate is unfavorable for its earthquake resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Timber–Concrete Composite Structures: Property Analysis, Stability Design and Applications)
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24 pages, 9018 KiB  
Article
Improved State-Space Approach Based on Lumped Mass Matrix for Transient Analysis of Large-Scale Locally Nonlinear Structures
by Baoyin Sun, Jiaheng Xuan, Long Gao, Kai Wang and Jinping Ou
Buildings 2024, 14(9), 2735; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092735 - 31 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1049
Abstract
Due to the assumption of acceleration variation in traditional step-by-step integration methods such as Newmark, sufficiently small time steps are required to ensure numerical stability and accuracy in dynamic systems. In contrast, the state-space approach, based on piecewise interpolation of discrete load functions, [...] Read more.
Due to the assumption of acceleration variation in traditional step-by-step integration methods such as Newmark, sufficiently small time steps are required to ensure numerical stability and accuracy in dynamic systems. In contrast, the state-space approach, based on piecewise interpolation of discrete load functions, does not rely on predetermined acceleration assumptions and has demonstrated high efficiency in terms of stability and accuracy. The original state-space method requires the calculation of the inverse of the structural mass in the transition matrix. However, when a lumped mass matrix is used, this computation renders the entire mass matrix singular, resulting in an invalid solution expression. To address this issue, this study proposes an improved state-space approach for the transient analysis of large-scale structural systems with local nonlinearities. In this approach, a nonlinear force corrector is introduced as an external force term applied to the linear elastic system to account for the nonlinear behavior of locally yielding components. Consequently, the original nonlinear dynamic system can be transformed into an equivalent linear elastic transient system. Furthermore, based on the lumped mass matrix, a first-order ordinary differential state-space equation for such an equivalent linear elastic transient system is derived. Simulation results from three transient system examples show that the state-space approach outperforms the Newmark method in terms of accuracy and stability for dynamic systems characterized by high frequency and low damping. The prediction results show that the state-space approach appears to be insignificantly affected by the choice of the consistent or lumped mass matrix. The numerical results show that the root-mean-square errors between the consistent and lumped matrices in the top displacement time histories of a 15-storey plane frame under various seismic intensities are all less than 1%, and in the base reaction time histories responses the discrepancies are only about 0.5%, indicating that the use of lumped mass matrices is quite reliable. When many nodes or degrees of freedom have no assigned mass, the dimensionality of the state-space equation can be significantly reduced using the lumped mass approach. Therefore, the simulation of large-scale systems can be simplified by employing the improved state-space approach with lumped mass matrices, yielding results nearly identical to those obtained using traditional methods. In conclusion, the improved state-space approach has great potential for the simulation of transient behavior in large-scale systems with local nonlinearities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Timber–Concrete Composite Structures: Property Analysis, Stability Design and Applications)
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