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Heating and Cooling of Buildings
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Heating and Cooling of Buildings

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Energy, Physics, Environment, and Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 8950

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kui Shan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Interests: adaptive and fault-tolerant optimal online control of large and complex HVAC systems; demand limiting and demand response control of building energy systems; design, control of building energy systems considering uncertainties; building energy performance assessment; optimal design and control of cleanroom energy systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to an International Energy Agency (EIA) report, buildings contribute to 28% of global energy-related carbon emissions. Building space cooling demand has increased more than 38% in the past 10 years, while space heating accounts for one-third of the total global energy demand in buildings. To achieve the challenging task of carbon neutrality by 2050, building heating and cooling systems must play their roles.

Many efforts have been devoted to the development of technologies for energy-efficiency enhancement of building heating and cooling systems. Those technologies include building load prediction, optimal design, optimal control, fault detection and diagnosis, building thermal storage, integration with renewables, combined cooling, heat & power (CCHP), district heating/cooling, etc.

Besides efficiency enhancement, building heating and cooling systems could interact with the grid to enhance grid stability and allow higher penetration of renewables. Building loads are large and flexible. If properly designed and controlled, they could significantly speed up the pace towards the new era of renewables.

This Special Issue presents the most recent efforts and technologies for enhancing the efficiency of building cooling and heating systems and their ability in grid-interaction. Hopefully, it provides a timely response to the needs of research and development in these fields.

Dr. Kui Shan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • building cooling/heating load prediction
  • optimal design/control of building HVAC systems
  • building thermal comfort
  • zero energy/carbon buildings
  • combined cooling, heat & power (CCHP)
  • district heating/cooling system
  • building retro-commissioning
  • building thermal energy storage
  • grid-interactive efficient buildings
  • building energy performance assessment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 4756 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Data-Driven Techniques to Predict Heating and Cooling Energy Requirements of Poultry Buildings
by Erdem Küçüktopcu
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 142; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010142 - 5 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2258
Abstract
Many models have been developed to predict the energy consumption of various building types, including residential, office, institutional, educational, and commercial buildings. However, to date, no models have been designed specifically to predict poultry buildings’ energy consumption. To address this information gap, this [...] Read more.
Many models have been developed to predict the energy consumption of various building types, including residential, office, institutional, educational, and commercial buildings. However, to date, no models have been designed specifically to predict poultry buildings’ energy consumption. To address this information gap, this study integrated data-driven techniques, including artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector regressions (SVR), and random forest (RF), into a physical model to predict the energy consumption of poultry buildings in different climatic zones in Turkey. The following statistical indices were employed to evaluate the model’s effectiveness: Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The calculated and predicted values of the heating and cooling loads were also compared using visualization techniques. The results indicated that the RF model was the most accurate during the testing period according to the RMSE (0.695 and 6.514 kWh), MAPE (3.328 and 2.624%), and R2 (0.990 and 0.996) indices for heating and cooling loads, respectively. Overall, this model offers a simple decision-support tool to estimate the energy requirements of different buildings and weather conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heating and Cooling of Buildings)
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21 pages, 4077 KiB  
Article
Simplified Weather-Related Building Energy Disaggregation and Change-Point Regression: Heating and Cooling Energy Use Perspective
by Deuk-Woo Kim, Ki-Uhn Ahn, Hyery Shin and Seung-Eon Lee
Buildings 2022, 12(10), 1717; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101717 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2062
Abstract
End-use consumption provides more detailed information than total consumption and reveals the mechanism of energy flow through a given building. Specifically, for weather-sensitive energy end-uses, it enables the prioritization and selection of heating and cooling areas requiring investigation and actions. One of the [...] Read more.
End-use consumption provides more detailed information than total consumption and reveals the mechanism of energy flow through a given building. Specifically, for weather-sensitive energy end-uses, it enables the prioritization and selection of heating and cooling areas requiring investigation and actions. One of the major barriers to acquiring such heating and cooling information for small- and medium-sized buildings or low-income households is the high cost related to submetering and maintenance. The end-use data, especially for heating and cooling end-uses, of such-sized buildings are a national blind spot. In this study, to alleviate this measurement cost problem, two weather-sensitive energy disaggregation methods were examined: the simplified weather-related energy disaggregation (SED) and change-point regression (CPR) methods. The first is a nonparametric approach based on heuristics, whereas the second is a parametric approach. A comparative analysis (one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and individual comparison) was performed to explore the disaggregation results regarding heating and cooling energy perspectives using a measurement dataset (MEA) from eleven office buildings. The ANOVA results revealed that there was no significant difference between the three groups (SED, CPR, and MEA); rather strong correlation was observed (r > 0.95). Furthermore, an analysis of the building-level comparison showed that the more distinct the seasonal usage in the monthly consumption pattern, the lower the estimation error. Thus, the two approaches appropriately estimated the amount of heating and cooling used compared with the measurement dataset and demonstrated the possibility of mutual complements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heating and Cooling of Buildings)
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15 pages, 5756 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Thermal and Cooling Energy Performance of the Perimeter Zones in an Office Building
by Taesub Lim, Woong-Seog Yim and Daeung-Danny Kim
Buildings 2022, 12(2), 141; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020141 - 29 Jan 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2883
Abstract
Indoor thermal conditions can be highly influenced through building envelopes by outdoor conditions, especially climatic parameters. While a lot of attention has been paid to the thermal performance in core zones in buildings, other zones, such as perimeters, experience significant heat loss and [...] Read more.
Indoor thermal conditions can be highly influenced through building envelopes by outdoor conditions, especially climatic parameters. While a lot of attention has been paid to the thermal performance in core zones in buildings, other zones, such as perimeters, experience significant heat loss and gain through building envelopes. Focusing on the energy and thermal performance in perimeter zones, the present study performed an energy simulation to find the most susceptible building orientation in an office building in South Korea regarding the cooling loads during the summer. Through field measurements, the solar radiation impact on the thermal performance in the perimeter zones was practically investigated. To reduce the cooling loads in the perimeter zones, an air barrier system was utilized. As a result, the biggest amount of heat was observed in the perimeter zones facing the west façade in the winter, according to the measurements. While the highest temperature was observed at the internal surface of the windows, the temperature in the perimeter and core zones was stably maintained. The heat that occurred through the west façade was reduced by the air barrier system by removing the vertical thermal stratification using the fan-powered unit in the system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heating and Cooling of Buildings)
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