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Buildings
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Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring
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Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 3265

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lizhao Dai

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Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
Interests: structural durability; machine learning; safety evaluation of existing structures
Dr. Wei Zhang

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Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
Interests: earthquake engineering; precast concrete structures; structural fatigue; machine learning; structural health monitoring
Dr. Sun-Jin Han

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Guest Editor
Department of Architectural Engineering, Jeonju University, 303, Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: structural analysis; safety evaluation of existing structures; corrosion; multiscale analysis
Dr. Dichuan Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
Interests: seismic design; reinforced concrete structures; precast concrete structures; seismic assessment; seismic retrofits
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will contribute to the field of structural safety evaluation and health monitoring, including the comprehensive performance evaluation and continuous or periodic monitoring of constructed facilities such as buildings, bridges, earth structures, offshore facilities, dams, lifelines, and nuclear structural systems. Its purpose is to facilitate understanding of durability, the risk and reliability of constructed facilities, and to inspire performance-based design and evaluation, which is essential to the lifecycle resilience assessment of structures. This includes structural durabilty evaluation, performance-based seismic design and evaluation, application of machine learning techniques in structural safety evaluation, digital twins and building information modeling, advanced finite element modeling techniques, small data learning for structural damage identification, virtual and mixed reality for health and safety controls, nondestructive testing, structural health monitoring algorithms, energy storage system and modeling, and other approaches.

Research on the concept of smart construction and green building design is also welcome. This will contribute to the next of generation smart buildings, where the smart responses are direct, predictable, and reversible, requiring no external control system or computer systems and networks that require a constant supply of energy.

This Special Issue will present significant contributions and outstanding work from academia and the relevant industrial sectors.

Dr. Lizhao Dai
Dr. Wei Zhang
Dr. Sun-Jin Han
Dr. Dichuan Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • machine learning techniques
  • durability of constructed facilities
  • performance evaluation
  • digital twins
  • finite element modelling
  • nondestructive testing
  • smart construction

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 1904 KiB  
Article
Safety Risk Assessment of Jacking Renovation Construction for Aging Bridges Based on DBN and Fuzzy Set Theory
by Yanhui Ge and Yang You
Buildings 2025, 15(9), 1493; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15091493 - 28 Apr 2025
Viewed by 51
Abstract
The jacking renovation construction of aging bridges faces significant safety risks due to the complexity and uncertainty of their structures. Addressing the limitations of traditional risk assessment methods in handling dynamic changes and data scarcity, this study proposes a safety risk assessment approach [...] Read more.
The jacking renovation construction of aging bridges faces significant safety risks due to the complexity and uncertainty of their structures. Addressing the limitations of traditional risk assessment methods in handling dynamic changes and data scarcity, this study proposes a safety risk assessment approach based on dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN) and fuzzy set theory (FST). By using DBN to model the temporal evolution of risks, combined with the Leaky Noisy-OR Gate extension model and FST to quantify expert knowledge, this method overcomes the constraints of insufficient data. Taking an elevated bridge jacking renovation project in Qingdao, China, as a case study, a risk indicator system was established, incorporating factors such as personnel, equipment, and the environment. The results show that risks are higher in the early stages of construction and stabilize later on, with poor foundation conditions, instability of the substructure, and improper operations identified as key risk sources requiring focused control. Through forward reasoning, the study predicts risk trends, while backward reasoning identifies sensitive factors, providing a scientific basis for construction safety management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring)
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28 pages, 22813 KiB  
Article
Implementation of a BIM-Based Collaboration System for Structural Damage Condition Assessment in an Asymmetric Butterfly Arch Bridge
by Hongxi Qin, Xuan Liu, Changjun Deng, Yang Chen, Chunrong Zou, Anqing Hu and Ao Tang
Buildings 2025, 15(8), 1211; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15081211 - 8 Apr 2025
Viewed by 319
Abstract
The developments in building information modeling (BIM) technology provide a new approach for remote real-time visualized bridge health monitoring and structural damage detection, but so far, there are scarcely any application cases of a BIM-based SHM system for butterfly arch bridges around the [...] Read more.
The developments in building information modeling (BIM) technology provide a new approach for remote real-time visualized bridge health monitoring and structural damage detection, but so far, there are scarcely any application cases of a BIM-based SHM system for butterfly arch bridges around the world. This paper reviewed the recent progress on the butterfly arch bridge and its requirements for the integration between SHM and BIM. Based on an actual project in southwest China, work on the spatial mechanical properties, the analysis of monitoring requirements, and the design of functional modules of SHM are elaborately conducted. Subsequently, the lightweight BIM is established and integrated into the web client-side of the SHM system with the skeleton-template method, CATIA platform, and sensor data. With the implementation of user-defined virtual sensor parameter linkage, the design of the specific databases is accomplished in the SQL server environment. Based on one actual incident that saw an overweight/oversize vehicle (with the weight of 80 t, 2015) pass over the arch bridge, the fuzzy relation synthesis and data cleaning method were improved to compare the standard deviation with the threshold value of the correlation degree, and a method is adopted to evaluate the structural operation behavior of the bridge and the service condition of the BIM-based SHM system after the ultra-limit accident. The study results evince the validity and efficiency of the BIM-based SHM system, which could lay a foundation for the visualized assessment and early warning system of long-span bridges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring)
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20 pages, 19054 KiB  
Article
Generation of Optimal FRP Layout for Strengthening Damaged Structures with a Local Displacement Constraint
by Ping Yuan, Yafu Cai, Guodong Wang, Xuhui Zhang and Lizhao Dai
Buildings 2025, 15(5), 664; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15050664 - 20 Feb 2025
Viewed by 352
Abstract
Structural deflection is a critical factor used for evaluating the effectiveness of reinforcement. This study proposes a method for generating FRP layouts with a local displacement constraint to strengthen damaged structures. A local displacement constraint strategy is developed using the Lagrange multiplier method, [...] Read more.
Structural deflection is a critical factor used for evaluating the effectiveness of reinforcement. This study proposes a method for generating FRP layouts with a local displacement constraint to strengthen damaged structures. A local displacement constraint strategy is developed using the Lagrange multiplier method, integrating the constraint into the objective function and transforming the problem into an unconstrained optimization framework. The design sensitivity formula for strengthening damaged structures is derived based on this displacement-constrained strategy. Additionally, an automatic adjustment strategy of the Lagrange multiplier is given based on the bisection method. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method are illustrated through case studies on damaged RC beams, slabs, and arches. The FRP configurations under various constraints are discussed and compared with the results generated by the BESO method. Results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively generate FRP configurations for damaged RC structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring)
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21 pages, 11206 KiB  
Article
Egress Safety for STUDIO Residential Buildings
by Khaliunaa Darkhanbat, Inwook Heo, Kang Su Kim and Seung-Ho Choi
Buildings 2024, 14(9), 2901; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092901 - 13 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1034
Abstract
In recent years, the number of studio residential buildings has increased significantly in Korea, as well as in many other countries, due to changes in living patterns. In Korea especially, there have been many fire accidents in studio residential buildings, which have caused [...] Read more.
In recent years, the number of studio residential buildings has increased significantly in Korea, as well as in many other countries, due to changes in living patterns. In Korea especially, there have been many fire accidents in studio residential buildings, which have caused a huge number of casualties and property damages, because the buildings were not adequately equipped for firefighting. In this study, the egress safety of a typical studio residential building in Korea is analyzed. Fire simulations were performed with variables of the fire location and the capacity of the smoke exhaust system to estimate the available safe egress time (ASET); egress simulations were also performed with the variable of egress delay time, and the required safe egress time (RSET) was determined. Then, the egress safety was evaluated, and the criteria for egress safety evaluation were proposed based on the simulation results. A studio residential building with a floor plan different from the prototype was used to validate the proposed egress safety criteria. Finally, a simple evaluation model is presented to estimate the required safe egress time (RSET) without simulation and to examine the impact of bottlenecks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring)
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21 pages, 4029 KiB  
Article
Strength Model for Prestressed Concrete Beams Subjected to Pure Torsion
by Hyunjin Ju, Chanseo Jung and Hae-Chang Cho
Buildings 2024, 14(9), 2690; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092690 - 28 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1043
Abstract
A torsional strength model for prestressed concrete beams was proposed considering the initial crack angle, principal stress angle, and longitudinal strain, which are affected by the axial stress induced by the effective prestress. The use of the torsional effective thickness was also proposed [...] Read more.
A torsional strength model for prestressed concrete beams was proposed considering the initial crack angle, principal stress angle, and longitudinal strain, which are affected by the axial stress induced by the effective prestress. The use of the torsional effective thickness was also proposed to calculate the torsional strength of prestressed concrete beams by considering the effect of prestress. The shear element in the torsional member was simplified under the assumption that the principal tensile stress and principal compressive strain were negligible in the ultimate state. The torsional strength was determined when the principal compressive stress or shear stress at the crack surface in the shear element reached the failure criterion according to the multipotential capacity model, which considers concrete crushing and aggregate interlocking as the main resistances to the applied load. The proposed strength model was verified using test specimens collected from existing experimental studies. The proposed model accurately evaluated the torsional strength of prestressed concrete beam specimens, regardless of the key variables of the prestressed concrete specimens, where the mean value of the tested results to the calculated torsional strengths was 1.123, and the corresponding coefficient of variation was 17.7% for 104 prestressed concrete beam specimens, while the ACI 318-19 torsional design method gave the mean and coefficient of variation of 0.880 and 24.3%, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Safety Evaluation and Health Monitoring)
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