Hypnotherapy: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2026 | Viewed by 3724

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
Interests: hypnosis; pain; hypnotic analgesia; neurophysiology of hypnosis; fibromyalgia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aims and Scope

This Special Issue is dedicated to presenting the most recent, rigorous scientific investigations and evidence-based clinical applications of hypnosis and hypnotherapy. We seek to bridge the gap between foundational cognitive, neuroscientific, and psychophysiological research on hypnotic states and suggestibility, and their translation into effective, evidence-based, and integrative clinical practice.

We aim to showcase how modern hypnotherapy, often integrated with other modalities such as CBT and Mindfulness, is moving beyond historical misconceptions to become a validated, high-priority treatment for a wide range of psychological and medical conditions.

Key Thematic Areas

Submissions are invited across the spectrum of basic science, translational research, and clinical trials.

  1. Basic Research and Mechanisms

Submissions focusing on the fundamental science underpinning hypnosis are welcomed, with topics including the following:

  • Neurophysiological Correlates: Studies using fMRI, EEG, and other neuroimaging techniques to investigate brain activity and functional connectivity during hypnotic induction and suggestion.
  • Cognitive and Psychological Mechanisms: Research exploring the role of hypnotizability, suggestion, expectation, absorption, dissociation, and the reduced sense of agency in mediating hypnotic effects.
  • Mind–Body Interaction: Investigations into how hypnotic suggestions modulate physiological processes, such as pain perception, immune function, and regulation of the autonomic nervous system.
  • Distinguishing Effects: Studies comparing and contrasting the effects of hypnosis with placebo, mindfulness, and simple relaxation.
  1. Clinical Applications and Efficacy

Submissions focusing on evidence-based applications and robust clinical trial data are welcomed, with topics including the following:

  • Pain Management: Hypnotic analgesia for acute, chronic, and procedural pain (e.g., in surgery, cancer care, fibromyalgia).
  • Anxiety, Stress, and Mood Disorders: Efficacy of hypnotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, specific phobias, PTSD, and depression.
  • Gastrointestinal and Functional Disorders: Applications for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, and other psychosomatic conditions.
  • Behavioral Medicine: Studies on smoking cessation, weight management, sleep disorders, and managing menopausal vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes).
  • Pediatrics and Lifespan Applications: Utilizing hypnotherapy in children and adolescents for procedural anxiety, habit control (e.g., enuresis), and chronic illness.
  • Hypnosis in Surgery and Medical Procedures: Its role as an adjunct therapy to reduce pre-operative anxiety, medication use, and enhance recovery.
  1. Translational Practice and Integration

Submissions focusing on how research findings are implemented in real-world settings are welcomed, with topics including the following:

  • Integration with Psychotherapy: Hypnosis combined with approaches such as CBT, Mindfulness, and Ego State Therapy.
  • Technological Delivery: Research on the effectiveness and safety of self-hypnosis apps and tele-hypnotherapy/remote delivery.
  • Ethical and Training Considerations: Contributions addressing ethical frameworks, competency models, and guidelines for the safe and effective practice of clinical hypnosis.
  • Innovative Protocols: Development and testing of new hypnotic protocols.

Types of Submissions Welcome

  • Original Research Articles
  • Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
  • Methodology Papers (e.g., guidelines for clinical trials)
  • Review Articles
  • Theoretical and Conceptual Papers

Dr. Giuseppe De Benedittis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hypnosis
  • brain mechanisms
  • neuroimaging studies
  • EEG studies
  • hypnotherapy
  • hypnotic analgesia
  • neurocognitive studies

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

19 pages, 1025 KB  
Article
Effects of Virtual Reality Hypnosis on Pain and Anxiety in Oncology Patients During Port-a-Catheter Placement Procedure: A Pilot Study
by Yanis Mouheb, Mélanie Louras, Jean-François Maillart, Olivia Gosseries, Claudia Charry, Aminata Bicego and Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse
Brain Sci. 2026, 16(4), 384; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040384 - 31 Mar 2026
Viewed by 734
Abstract
Background: Port-a-catheter (PAC) placement is a common procedure in oncology that, despite local anaesthesia, can induce patient discomfort, procedural pain, and anxiety. Virtual reality hypnosis (VRH), combining immersive virtual reality with clinical hypnosis, has been proposed as a non-pharmacological adjunct to reduce [...] Read more.
Background: Port-a-catheter (PAC) placement is a common procedure in oncology that, despite local anaesthesia, can induce patient discomfort, procedural pain, and anxiety. Virtual reality hypnosis (VRH), combining immersive virtual reality with clinical hypnosis, has been proposed as a non-pharmacological adjunct to reduce peri-procedural distress. Objectives: This pilot study aimed to explore the suitability of VRH during PAC placement and its potential effects on pain, anxiety, and VRH-related experiences, while investigating psychological variables associated with VRH engagement. Methods: In this single-arm interventional monocentric prospective pilot study, twenty oncology patients undergoing first-time elective PAC placement received a VRH intervention delivered via a medical-grade head-mounted display throughout the procedure. Pain, anxiety, and VRH-related dimensions—including absorption, dissociation, automaticity, arousal, and sense of presence—were assessed pre- and post-procedure using self-reported numerical rating scales and questionnaires. Non-parametric Wilcoxon tests evaluated pre–post changes, and correlational analyses (Pearson’s and Spearman’s when necessary) explored associations between variables. Results: VRH was well tolerated by most participants, although three patients required additional pharmacological support, and four could not complete the session due to intolerance or technical issues. Anxiety scores decreased significantly following VRH, whereas pain showed a non-significant trend toward reduction. Post-procedural absorption and dissociation were positively associated with presence, and higher absorption traits were linked to greater immersive engagement and prior VR/hypnosis experience. Cybersickness was negatively associated with absorption. Older age was correlated with lower post-procedural pain, and females reported higher state anxiety. Conclusions: In this pilot, VRH was feasible, well tolerated, and associated with a significant exploratory reduction in procedural state anxiety. Given the single-arm design, these findings constitute directional evidence warranting controlled trial evaluation rather than proof of efficacy. These preliminary results support the rationale for randomised controlled trials to evaluate VRH efficacy, underlying mechanisms, and potential role as a non-pharmacological adjunct in oncology perioperative care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hypnotherapy: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice)
Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 293 KB  
Article
No Association Between Hypnotizability and Basal Ganglia Morphometry
by Eleonora Picerni, Fabrizio Piras, Daniela Laricchiuta, Debora Cutuli, Laura Petrosini and Enrica Laura Santarcangelo
Brain Sci. 2026, 16(3), 287; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16030287 - 4 Mar 2026
Viewed by 538
Abstract
Background: Hypnotizability is a psychophysiological trait measured by standardized scales whose scores indicate the proneness to modify perception, memory, and behavior according to specific suggestions, and to experience the hypnotic state. Hypnotizability exhibits physiological and behavioral correlates in the ordinary state of consciousness [...] Read more.
Background: Hypnotizability is a psychophysiological trait measured by standardized scales whose scores indicate the proneness to modify perception, memory, and behavior according to specific suggestions, and to experience the hypnotic state. Hypnotizability exhibits physiological and behavioral correlates in the ordinary state of consciousness and brain morphological peculiarities. Among them, a reduced Grey Matter volume (GMV) of the insula and cerebellar lobules IV–VI has been observed in high hypnotizable individuals (highs) compared to low hypnotizables (lows). Theoretically, these structures could cooperate with the basal ganglia (BG) in hypnotizability-related sensorimotor and cognitive–emotional differences. Methods: Since no imaging study has focused on the BG as a function of hypnotizability, the present research investigated the morphometric characteristics of the BG in the highs (N = 12) and lows (N = 37) enrolled in a previous study focused on the cerebellum. Results: The results did not show any significant difference in the GMV of the caudate and pallidum. Conclusions: Thus, the hypnotizability-related behavioral and physiological difference, as well as the responsiveness to hypnotic suggestions associated with the insula and cerebellum variations, are not partially accounted for by BG structural differences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hypnotherapy: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

14 pages, 463 KB  
Review
The Relevance of Heart Rate Variability for Hypnotherapy and Psychotherapy
by Donald Moss
Brain Sci. 2026, 16(4), 352; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci16040352 - 25 Mar 2026
Viewed by 2007
Abstract
This review examines what constitutes heart rate variability (HRV), the relationship between HRV and the autonomic nervous system, and the physiology driving HRV. HRV is correlated with vagal nerve activity and parasympathetic nervous activation. Higher HRV is correlated with youth, active lifestyle, adaptive [...] Read more.
This review examines what constitutes heart rate variability (HRV), the relationship between HRV and the autonomic nervous system, and the physiology driving HRV. HRV is correlated with vagal nerve activity and parasympathetic nervous activation. Higher HRV is correlated with youth, active lifestyle, adaptive capacity, and good health. Next, the review examines the medical significance of HRV, especially the correlation between lower HRV and the presence of medical and psychological disorders. In general, HRV serves as a biomarker for health and disease, an index of autonomic nervous system dysregulation, an index of prefrontal cortical functionality, and a marker for psychopathology across diagnoses. Higher HRV is associated with several characteristics associated with successful psychotherapy and hypnotherapy: social engagement, compassion, emotional regulation, and cognitive flexibility. Given this association, somatic regulation should be regarded as integral to treatment alongside psychotherapy and hypnosis. Understanding HRV can enable the psychotherapist and hypnotherapist to optimize treatment. In effect, the therapist can harness the power of the brain and nervous system to better prepare the patient for therapy and to enhance the process of therapy. This review encourages therapists to utilize several strategies and interventions to increase patients’ HRV levels prior to and during therapy. The review will be most applicable for those hypnotherapists who integrate hypnosis into counseling and psychotherapy. The review describes the process by which HRV biofeedback training guides the individual to voluntarily increase HRV. It also identifies a number of lifestyle parameters and self-care practices (including self-hypnosis) that increase HRV. Encouraging lifestyle and self-care practices to increase HRV can support a greater response to hypnotherapy and psychotherapy. With additional training, hypnotherapists can integrate HRV biofeedback into a hypnosis practice. Further, several simple interventions already within the scope of most hypnosis practitioners can be utilized to enhance HRV at the beginning of a hypnotherapy process, and again during the process of therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hypnotherapy: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Back to TopTop