Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Neurological Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Trends

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 4049

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
Interests: neurodegenerative diseases; dementia; Alzheimer's disease; frontotemporal lobe degeneration; stroke; drugs and treatments on brain diseases; stem cell therapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurological diseases are characterized by progressive functional decline of the nervous system accompanied by structural, biochemical or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord and/or other nerves. Degeneration and death of neurons is the fundamental process responsible for the clinical manifestations of many different neurological disorders of aging. Age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), stroke, and frontotemporal lobar dementia are highly associated with the increase in lifespan and display behavioral deficits in memory, cognition, problem solving, executive function, language, emotion, and related brain functions. Despite the increasing global burden of neurological disorders, to date, there is a lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic stretagies. Since neurodegeneration is associated with various pathological processes, targeting multiple mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects such as preventing cell death and neuroinflammation should be employed. The alternative therapeutic approaches, including optical, electrical and magnetic stimulation therapies were also conferred for neurological disorders.

This Special Issue of Biomedicines attempts to investigate the novel pathogenetic mechanism involved in neurological diseases and focus on development of novel therapeutic strategies. Original articles and reviews are welcome for publication on the topic.

Prof. Dr. Kuen-Jer Tsai
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurological disorders
  • neuromuscular diseases
  • epilepsy
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • neurodegeneration
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • dementia
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • frontotemporal lobar degeneration
  • stroke
  • brain injury
  • neurogenesis
  • neuroinflammation
  • autophagy
  • neuromodulation
  • drug treatment
  • cell therapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 5492 KiB  
Article
Therapy Defining at Initial Diagnosis of Primary Brain Tumor—The Role of 18F-FET PET/CT and MRI
by Dávid Gergő Nagy, Imre Fedorcsák, Attila György Bagó, Georgina Gáti, János Martos, Péter Szabó, Hajnalka Rajnai, István Kenessey and Katalin Borbély
Biomedicines 2023, 11(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010128 - 04 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3718
Abstract
Primary malignant brain tumors are heterogeneous and infrequent neoplasms. Their classification, therapeutic regimen and prognosis have undergone significant development requiring the innovation of an imaging diagnostic. The performance of enhanced magnetic resonance imaging depends on blood–brain barrier function. Several studies have demonstrated the [...] Read more.
Primary malignant brain tumors are heterogeneous and infrequent neoplasms. Their classification, therapeutic regimen and prognosis have undergone significant development requiring the innovation of an imaging diagnostic. The performance of enhanced magnetic resonance imaging depends on blood–brain barrier function. Several studies have demonstrated the advantages of static and dynamic amino acid PET/CT providing accurate metabolic status in the neurooncological setting. The aim of our single-center retrospective study was to test the primary diagnostic role of amino acid PET/CT compared to enhanced MRI. Emphasis was placed on cases prior to intervention, therefore, a certain natural bias was inevitable. In our analysis for newly found brain tumors 18F-FET PET/CT outperformed contrast MRI and PWI in terms of sensitivity and negative predictive value (100% vs. 52.9% and 36.36%; 100% vs. 38.46% and 41.67%), in terms of positive predictive value their performance was roughly the same (84.21 % vs. 90% and 100%), whereas regarding specificity contrast MRI and PWI were superior (40% vs. 83.33% and 100%). Based on these results the superiority of 18F-FET PET/CT seems to present incremental value during the initial diagnosis. In the case of non-enhancing tumors, it should always be suggested as a therapy-determining test. Full article
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