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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Designing Tissue Scaffolds with Electrospun Fibers
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Designing Tissue Scaffolds with Electrospun Fibers

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 August 2019) | Viewed by 21236

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Urszula Stachewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH Univeristy of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
Interests: electrospinning; electrospray; fibers, scaffolds; membranes; porous mats; 3D tomography; FIB-SEM; microscopy; wetting; nanomechanics; surface properties; biomimetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrospinning is a versatile technique allowing to obtain meshes characterized by a high surface area, which gives enormous advantages in cell culture studies. Many adjustments with surface geometry and roughness, chemistry, and other properties are leading to different cell responses and controlled tissue growth or cell differentiation. The flexibility in obtaining different structures of electrospun scaffolds, including core shell structures for drug delivery systems, provides a wide range of applications. Therefore, we welcome contributions on fundamental and application research concerning all types of electrospun materials, from ceramics to hydrogels and polymers, ferroelectrics, magnetic to biodegradable or composites structures, for various applications; for example, cardiovascular, skin, bone, wound healing or drug deliveries and many others that required tissue engineering solutions.

This Special Issue of Bioengineering aims to discuss, collect and offer recent highlights and advances on new designs and studies of tissue scaffolds with electrospun fibers. All new progress and developments of scaffolds systems, productions methods and fundamental understanding of the produced surfaces and meshes and cells responses to it will be considered in this topic, but it is not limited to it as the electrospun fibers are used in many bioengineering devices for diagnosis applications as well.

Assoc. Prof. Urszula Stachewicz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Electrospun fibers
  • Cells culture study
  • Scaffolds design
  • Biocompatibility
  • Tissue engineering

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1935 KiB  
Article
Surface Area to Volume Ratio of Electrospun Polydioxanone Templates Regulates the Adsorption of Soluble Proteins from Human Serum
by Allison E. Fetz, Cristina A. Fantaziu, Richard A. Smith, Marko Z. Radic and Gary L. Bowlin
Bioengineering 2019, 6(3), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6030078 - 31 Aug 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 6111
Abstract
Neutrophils, the first cells that interact with surface-adsorbed proteins on biomaterials, have been increasingly recognized as critical maestros in the foreign body response for guided tissue regeneration. Recent research has shown that small diameter (SD) fibers of electrospun tissue regeneration templates, which have [...] Read more.
Neutrophils, the first cells that interact with surface-adsorbed proteins on biomaterials, have been increasingly recognized as critical maestros in the foreign body response for guided tissue regeneration. Recent research has shown that small diameter (SD) fibers of electrospun tissue regeneration templates, which have a high surface area to volume ratio (SAVR), enhance the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) compared to large diameter (LD) fibers, resulting in impaired tissue regeneration. In this study, we evaluated the adsorption of eight human serum proteins on the surface of electrospun templates to investigate how protein adsorption may regulate the release of NETs. Electrospun polydioxanone templates made from SD fibers with high SAVR and LD fibers with low SAVR, were incubated with 0.2% human serum and in situ protein adsorption was quantified with infrared-based immunodetection. Of the detected proteins, IgM and vitronectin adsorbed at low levels, suggesting that they do not play a central role in the release of NETs. Contrastingly, albumin and IgG adsorbed rapidly to the surface of the templates. One-hundred to 200 times more IgG adsorbed on the templates compared to albumin, with significantly greater adsorption occurring on the SD templates with high SAVR. Given that neutrophils express receptors that interact with IgG during phagocytosis and NET release, these results suggest that SAVR-dependent adsorption of IgG on the SD electrospun templates may contribute to the up-regulated release of NETs. Overall, this study may aid in the design of immunomodulatory biomaterials that regulate NET release and thus the potential for neutrophil-driven tissue regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Designing Tissue Scaffolds with Electrospun Fibers)
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13 pages, 3040 KiB  
Article
Incorporation of Fibrin Matrix into Electrospun Membranes for Periodontal Wound Healing
by Choyi Wong, Suyog Yoganarasimha, Caroline Carrico and Parthasarathy Madurantakam
Bioengineering 2019, 6(3), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6030057 - 30 Jun 2019
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 6256
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) aims to regenerate the lost attachment apparatus caused by periodontal disease through the use of a membrane. The goal of this study is to create and characterize a novel hybrid membrane that contains biologically active fibrin matrix within a [...] Read more.
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) aims to regenerate the lost attachment apparatus caused by periodontal disease through the use of a membrane. The goal of this study is to create and characterize a novel hybrid membrane that contains biologically active fibrin matrix within a synthetic polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun membrane. Three-dimensional fibrin matrices and fibrin-incorporated electrospun membrane were created from fresh frozen plasma by centrifugation in glass vials under three different conditions: 400 g for 12 min, 1450 g for 15 min and 3000 g for 60 min. Half the membranes were crosslinked with 1% genipin. Degradation against trypsin indicated biologic stability while uniaxial tensile testing characterized mechanical properties. Continuous data was analyzed by ANOVA to detect differences between groups (p = 0.05). Fibrin-incorporated electrospun membranes showed statistically significant increase in mechanical properties (elastic modulus, strain at break and energy to break) compared to fibrin matrices. While crosslinking had marginal effects on mechanical properties, it did significantly increase biologic stability against trypsin (p < 0.0001). Lastly, membranes generated at 400 g and 1450 g were superior in mechanical properties and biologic stability compared to those generated at 3000 g. Fibrin-incorporated, crosslinked electrospun PCL membranes generated at lower centrifugation forces offers a novel strategy to generate a potentially superior membrane for GTR procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Designing Tissue Scaffolds with Electrospun Fibers)
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12 pages, 4788 KiB  
Article
Cell Integration with Electrospun PMMA Nanofibers, Microfibers, Ribbons, and Films: A Microscopy Study
by Daniel P. Ura, Joanna E. Karbowniczek, Piotr K. Szewczyk, Sara Metwally, Mateusz Kopyściański and Urszula Stachewicz
Bioengineering 2019, 6(2), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6020041 - 9 May 2019
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 8373
Abstract
Tissue engineering requires properly selected geometry and surface properties of the scaffold, to promote in vitro tissue growth. In this study, we obtained three types of electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) scaffolds—nanofibers, microfibers, and ribbons, as well as spin-coated films. Their morphology was imaged [...] Read more.
Tissue engineering requires properly selected geometry and surface properties of the scaffold, to promote in vitro tissue growth. In this study, we obtained three types of electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) scaffolds—nanofibers, microfibers, and ribbons, as well as spin-coated films. Their morphology was imaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and characterized by average surface roughness and water contact angle. PMMA films had a smooth surface with roughness, Ra below 0.3 µm and hydrophilic properties, whereas for the fibers and the ribbons, we observed increased hydrophobicity, with higher surface roughness and fiber diameter. For microfibers, we obtained the highest roughness of 7 µm, therefore, the contact angle was 140°. All PMMA samples were used for the in vitro cell culture study, to verify the cells integration with various designs of scaffolds. The detailed microscopy study revealed that higher surface roughness enhanced cells’ attachment and their filopodia length. The 3D structure of PMMA microfibers with an average fiber diameter above 3.5 µm, exhibited the most favorable geometry for cells’ ingrowth, whereas, for other structures we observed cells growth only on the surface. The study showed that electrospinning of various scaffolds geometry is able to control cells development that can be adjusted according to the tissue needs in the regeneration processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Designing Tissue Scaffolds with Electrospun Fibers)
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